Browse result page of PRRDB 2.0

PRRIDName of LigandSource of ligandSequence of LigandLength of Ligand Type of Ligand OccurenceRole of LigandName of ReceptorType of ReeptorSource of the ReceptorLocalizationDomainSequence of ReceptorSwiss prot IDLength of receptorFunction of ReceptorAssay usedPMIDYear of publicationPubchem assay
PRRID_1446Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Chickensplenocytescell surfaceQ9DD78.fastaQ9DD78793TLR2 and TLR5 promote cellular activation and the production of cytokines including proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-6, as well as those cytokines that help to initiate and modulate the adaptive immune response, including IL-4, IL-12, and interferon (IFN)-cELISA247977222014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1446Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Chickensplenocytescell surfaceQ9DD78.fastaQ9DD78793TLR2 and TLR5 promote cellular activation and the production of cytokines including proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-6, as well as those cytokines that help to initiate and modulate the adaptive immune response, including IL-4, IL-12, and interferon (IFN)-cELISA247977222014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1447Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Staphylococcus epidermidis (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micekeratinocytes and mouse skincell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247862232014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1447Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Staphylococcus epidermidis (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micekeratinocytes and mouse skincell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247862232014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1448Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Staphylococcus epidermidis (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humankeratinocytes and mouse skincell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247862232014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1448Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Staphylococcus epidermidis (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humankeratinocytes and mouse skincell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247862232014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1449Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Miceischemic brain tissuecell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247845862014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1449Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Miceischemic brain tissuecell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247845862014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1450Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanischemic brain tissuecell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247845862014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1450Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanischemic brain tissuecell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247845862014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1451Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247718542014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1451Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247718542014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1452Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247718542014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1452Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247718542014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1453Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247713282014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1453Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247713282014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1454Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247713282014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1454Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247713282014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1455Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1455Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1456Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsO60603.fastaO60603784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1456Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsO60603.fastaO60603784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1457Long ds RNA

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fugu (Takifugu rubripes) (others)NANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 22 (TLR22)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)NANAQ2A132.fastaQ2A132971participate together with TLR3 in type I interferon productionReal-time PCR247362052014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1457Long ds RNA

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fugu (Takifugu rubripes) (others)NANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 22 (TLR22)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)NANAQ2A132.fastaQ2A132971participate together with TLR3 in type I interferon productionReal-time PCR247362052014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1458low molecular weight molecules of the imidazoquinoline family

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A tricyclic aromatic heterocycle formed by fusion of an imidazole ring with the pyridine ring CCOCC1=NC2=C(N1CC(C)(C)O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2NNAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Syntheticinduce type I IFN, antiviral and antitumor therapeutic moleculesToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanplasmacytoid and myeloid DCsextracellular domain (ECD)Q9NYK1.fastaQ9NYK11049controlling antiviral host defense or autoimmune diseases and TLR8 and respond to its activation with TNF production and/or degranulationMicroarray analysis, Quantitative PCR, Phosphoproteomic screen, Confocal cell imaging,RNA40 pull-down assay and Immunoblot248132062014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1458low molecular weight molecules of the imidazoquinoline family

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A tricyclic aromatic heterocycle formed by fusion of an imidazole ring with the pyridine ring CCOCC1=NC2=C(N1CC(C)(C)O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2NNAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Syntheticinduce type I IFN, antiviral and antitumor therapeutic moleculesToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanplasmacytoid and myeloid DCsextracellular domain (ECD)Q9NYK1.fastaQ9NYK11049controlling antiviral host defense or autoimmune diseases and TLR8 and respond to its activation with TNF production and/or degranulationMicroarray analysis, Quantitative PCR, Phosphoproteomic screen, Confocal cell imaging,RNA40 pull-down assay and Immunoblot248132062014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1459low molecular weight molecules of the imidazoquinoline family

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A tricyclic aromatic heterocycle formed by fusion of an imidazole ring with the pyridine ring CCOCC1=NC2=C(N1CC(C)(C)O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2NNAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Syntheticinduce type I IFN, antiviral and antitumor therapeutic moleculesToll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanplasmacytoid and myeloid DCsextracellular domain (ECD)Q9NR97.fastaQ9NR971041controlling antiviral host defense or autoimmune diseases and TLR8 and respond to its activation with TNF production and/or degranulationMicroarray analysis, Quantitative PCR, Phosphoproteomic screen, Confocal cell imaging,RNA40 pull-down assay and Immunoblot248132062014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1459low molecular weight molecules of the imidazoquinoline family

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A tricyclic aromatic heterocycle formed by fusion of an imidazole ring with the pyridine ring CCOCC1=NC2=C(N1CC(C)(C)O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2NNAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Syntheticinduce type I IFN, antiviral and antitumor therapeutic moleculesToll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanplasmacytoid and myeloid DCsextracellular domain (ECD)Q9NR97.fastaQ9NR971041controlling antiviral host defense or autoimmune diseases and TLR8 and respond to its activation with TNF production and/or degranulationMicroarray analysis, Quantitative PCR, Phosphoproteomic screen, Confocal cell imaging,RNA40 pull-down assay and Immunoblot248132062014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1460Loxoribine (7-allyl-7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-guanosine)

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Guanosine (others)C=CCN1C2=C(NC(=NC2=O)N)N(C1=O)C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)ONAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)SyntheticIt activates the innate immune system through Toll-like receptor 7Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytesCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)P58681.fastaP586811050important role in the immune response to viral infectionNA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1460Loxoribine (7-allyl-7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-guanosine)

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Guanosine (others)C=CCN1C2=C(NC(=NC2=O)N)N(C1=O)C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)ONAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)SyntheticIt activates the innate immune system through Toll-like receptor 7Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytesCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)P58681.fastaP586811050important role in the immune response to viral infectionNA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1461Loxoribine (7-allyl-7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-guanosine)

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Guanosine (others)C=CCN1C2=C(NC(=NC2=O)N)N(C1=O)C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)ONAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)NaturalIt activates the innate immune system through Toll-like receptor 7Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Guinea Pigplasmacytoid and myeloid DCsCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)NANANAimportant role in the immune response to viral infectionReal-time RT-PCR, Calcium influx assay248190482014NA
PRRID_1461Loxoribine (7-allyl-7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-guanosine)

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Guanosine (others)C=CCN1C2=C(NC(=NC2=O)N)N(C1=O)C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)ONAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)NaturalIt activates the innate immune system through Toll-like receptor 7Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Guinea Pigplasmacytoid and myeloid DCsCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)NANANAimportant role in the immune response to viral infectionReal-time RT-PCR, Calcium influx assay248190482014NA
PRRID_1462Loxoribine (7-allyl-7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-guanosine)

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Guanosine (others)CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CCCCCCCCCCC)CC(=O)OC1C(C(OC(C1OP(=O)(O)O)CO)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OP(=O)(O)O)NC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)O)OC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)O)O)NC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCNANucleic AcidSyntheticup-regulate B-cells lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and promote the survival of lung cancer cellsToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanlung cancer cellscell compartmentQ9NYK1.fastaQ9NYK11049important role in the immune response to viral infectionMTT assay, Cell Proliferation Assay247826502014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1462Loxoribine (7-allyl-7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-guanosine)

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Guanosine (others)CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CCCCCCCCCCC)CC(=O)OC1C(C(OC(C1OP(=O)(O)O)CO)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OP(=O)(O)O)NC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)O)OC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)O)O)NC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCNANucleic AcidSyntheticup-regulate B-cells lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and promote the survival of lung cancer cellsToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanlung cancer cellscell compartmentQ9NYK1.fastaQ9NYK11049important role in the immune response to viral infectionMTT assay, Cell Proliferation Assay247826502014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1474macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 (MALP-2)

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Mycoplasma fementans (Bacteria)NANALipopeptidesNaturalIt primes macrophages for cytokines secretionToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1474macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 (MALP-2)

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Mycoplasma fementans (Bacteria)NANALipopeptidesNaturalIt primes macrophages for cytokines secretionToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1475macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 (MALP-2)

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Mycoplasma fementans (Bacteria)NANALipopeptidesNaturalIt primes macrophages for cytokines secretionToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsO60603.fastaO60603784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1475macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 (MALP-2)

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Mycoplasma fementans (Bacteria)NANALipopeptidesNaturalIt primes macrophages for cytokines secretionToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsO60603.fastaO60603784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1476MALP-2 (macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2)

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Mycoplasma (Bacteria)C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CN2)CC(C(=O)O)NC(=O)CCC(C(=O)O)NNALipopeptidesNaturalIt primes macrophages for cytokines secretionToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceNANANAfundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.ELISA247718542014NA
PRRID_1476MALP-2 (macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2)

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Mycoplasma (Bacteria)C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CN2)CC(C(=O)O)NC(=O)CCC(C(=O)O)NNALipopeptidesNaturalIt primes macrophages for cytokines secretionToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceNANANAfundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.ELISA247718542014NA
PRRID_1477MALP-2 (macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2)

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Mycoplasma (Bacteria)C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CN2)CC(C(=O)O)NC(=O)CCC(C(=O)O)NNALipopeptidesNaturalIt primes macrophages for cytokines secretionToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceNANANAfundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.ELISA247718542014NA
PRRID_1477MALP-2 (macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2)

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Mycoplasma (Bacteria)C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CN2)CC(C(=O)O)NC(=O)CCC(C(=O)O)NNALipopeptidesNaturalIt primes macrophages for cytokines secretionToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceNANANAfundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.ELISA247718542014NA
PRRID_1478MALP-2 (macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2)

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Mycoplasma (Bacteria)C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CN2)CC(C(=O)O)NC(=O)CCC(C(=O)O)NNALipopeptidesNaturalIt primes macrophages for cytokines secretion Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)C57BL/6J micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsToll/IL-1R (TIR) domain-containing adaptor molecule MyD88 (myeloid differentiation factor 88)-dependent pathwayQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses ELISA247129052014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1478MALP-2 (macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2)

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Mycoplasma (Bacteria)C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CN2)CC(C(=O)O)NC(=O)CCC(C(=O)O)NNALipopeptidesNaturalIt primes macrophages for cytokines secretion Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)C57BL/6J micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsToll/IL-1R (TIR) domain-containing adaptor molecule MyD88 (myeloid differentiation factor 88)-dependent pathwayQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses ELISA247129052014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1479Maltose-binding protein (MBP)

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E. coli(Bacteria)MKIKTGARILALSALTTMMFSASALAKIEEGKLVIWINGDKGYNGLAEVGKKFEKDTGIKVTVEHPDKLEEKFPQVAATGDGPDIIFWAHDRFGGYAQSGLLAEITPDKAFQDKLYPFTWDAVRYNGKLIAYPIAVEALSLIYNKDLLPNPPKTWEEIPALDKELKAKGKSALMFNLQEPYFTWPLIAADGGYAFKYENGKYDIKDVGVDNAGAKAGLTFLVDLIKNKHMNADTDYSIAEAAFNKGETAMTINGPWAWSNIDTSKVNYGVTVLPTFKGQPSKPFVGVLSAGINAASPNKELAKEFLENYLLTDEGLEAVNKDKPLGAVALKSYEEELAKDPRIAATMENAQKGEIMPNIPQMSAFWYAVRTAVINAASGRQTVDEALKDAQTRITK396Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Naturalpurification of recombinant proteins as a protein tagToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsCell Surface (Exogenous)Q9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA, Phagocytosis assay, Cytokine secretion assay, real-time PCR248256032014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1479Maltose-binding protein (MBP)

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E. coli(Bacteria)MKIKTGARILALSALTTMMFSASALAKIEEGKLVIWINGDKGYNGLAEVGKKFEKDTGIKVTVEHPDKLEEKFPQVAATGDGPDIIFWAHDRFGGYAQSGLLAEITPDKAFQDKLYPFTWDAVRYNGKLIAYPIAVEALSLIYNKDLLPNPPKTWEEIPALDKELKAKGKSALMFNLQEPYFTWPLIAADGGYAFKYENGKYDIKDVGVDNAGAKAGLTFLVDLIKNKHMNADTDYSIAEAAFNKGETAMTINGPWAWSNIDTSKVNYGVTVLPTFKGQPSKPFVGVLSAGINAASPNKELAKEFLENYLLTDEGLEAVNKDKPLGAVALKSYEEELAKDPRIAATMENAQKGEIMPNIPQMSAFWYAVRTAVINAASGRQTVDEALKDAQTRITK396Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Naturalpurification of recombinant proteins as a protein tagToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsCell Surface (Exogenous)Q9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA, Phagocytosis assay, Cytokine secretion assay, real-time PCR248256032014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1480Maltose-binding protein (MBP)

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E. coli(Bacteria)MKIKTGARILALSALTTMMFSASALAKIEEGKLVIWINGDKGYNGLAEVGKKFEKDTGIKVTVEHPDKLEEKFPQVAATGDGPDIIFWAHDRFGGYAQSGLLAEITPDKAFQDKLYPFTWDAVRYNGKLIAYPIAVEALSLIYNKDLLPNPPKTWEEIPALDKELKAKGKSALMFNLQEPYFTWPLIAADGGYAFKYENGKYDIKDVGVDNAGAKAGLTFLVDLIKNKHMNADTDYSIAEAAFNKGETAMTINGPWAWSNIDTSKVNYGVTVLPTFKGQPSKPFVGVLSAGINAASPNKELAKEFLENYLLTDEGLEAVNKDKPLGAVALKSYEEELAKDPRIAATMENAQKGEIMPNIPQMSAFWYAVRTAVINAASGRQTVDEALKDAQTRITK396Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Naturalinduce dendritic cell activation and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokinesToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Miceperitoneal macrophagestransmembraneQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemELISA, Phagocytosis assay, Cytokine secretion assay, real-time PCR248256032014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1480Maltose-binding protein (MBP)

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E. coli(Bacteria)MKIKTGARILALSALTTMMFSASALAKIEEGKLVIWINGDKGYNGLAEVGKKFEKDTGIKVTVEHPDKLEEKFPQVAATGDGPDIIFWAHDRFGGYAQSGLLAEITPDKAFQDKLYPFTWDAVRYNGKLIAYPIAVEALSLIYNKDLLPNPPKTWEEIPALDKELKAKGKSALMFNLQEPYFTWPLIAADGGYAFKYENGKYDIKDVGVDNAGAKAGLTFLVDLIKNKHMNADTDYSIAEAAFNKGETAMTINGPWAWSNIDTSKVNYGVTVLPTFKGQPSKPFVGVLSAGINAASPNKELAKEFLENYLLTDEGLEAVNKDKPLGAVALKSYEEELAKDPRIAATMENAQKGEIMPNIPQMSAFWYAVRTAVINAASGRQTVDEALKDAQTRITK396Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Naturalinduce dendritic cell activation and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokinesToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Miceperitoneal macrophagestransmembraneQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemELISA, Phagocytosis assay, Cytokine secretion assay, real-time PCR248256032014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1488mRNA

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RNA virus (Virus)NANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceDendritic Cell, B-lymphocyteCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)Q99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.NA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1488mRNA

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RNA virus (Virus)NANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceDendritic Cell, B-lymphocyteCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)Q99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.NA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1490mRNA

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RNA virus (Virus)NANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanDendritic Cell, B-lymphocytecell compartmentO15455.fastaO15455904Possible effect in case of stroke i.e it is Involved in preconditioning and No protection after gene knockout following cerebral ischemiaNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1490mRNA

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RNA virus (Virus)NANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanDendritic Cell, B-lymphocytecell compartmentO15455.fastaO15455904Possible effect in case of stroke i.e it is Involved in preconditioning and No protection after gene knockout following cerebral ischemiaNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1499N-palmitoyl-S-[2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy)-propyl]-(R)-cysteinyl-(lysyl)3-lysine (PAM3CSK4)

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipoproteinSyntheticMimics the acylated amino terminus of bacterial LPs and is a potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humannasal mucosa Mesenchymal stromal cells (nmMSCs) inferior nasal concha of healthy individualscell surfaceNANANATLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.ELISA and Immunofluoroscence assay248303842014NA
PRRID_1499N-palmitoyl-S-[2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy)-propyl]-(R)-cysteinyl-(lysyl)3-lysine (PAM3CSK4)

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipoproteinSyntheticMimics the acylated amino terminus of bacterial LPs and is a potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humannasal mucosa Mesenchymal stromal cells (nmMSCs) inferior nasal concha of healthy individualscell surfaceNANANATLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.ELISA and Immunofluoroscence assay248303842014NA
PRRID_1502NA

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NANANANANaturalNAToll-like receptor 1 (TLR1)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)muscle, head kidney, liver, gut, heart, spleen and gillNANANANANAReal-time PCR247362052014NA
PRRID_1502NA

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NANANANANaturalNAToll-like receptor 1 (TLR1)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)muscle, head kidney, liver, gut, heart, spleen and gillNANANANANAReal-time PCR247362052014NA
PRRID_1503NA

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NANANANANaturalNAToll-like receptor 13 (TLR13)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)muscle, head kidney, liver, gut, heart, spleen and gillNAB5X405.fastaB5X405962NAReal-time PCR247362052014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1503NA

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NANANANANaturalNAToll-like receptor 13 (TLR13)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)muscle, head kidney, liver, gut, heart, spleen and gillNAB5X405.fastaB5X405962NAReal-time PCR247362052014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1513naloxone

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synthetic alkaloids (others)O=C1[C@@H]2OC3=C(O)C=CC4=C3[C@@]2([C@]5(CC1)O)CCN(CC=C)[C@@H]5C4NAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)SyntheticIt is primarily used for pain relief, cough and constipationToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micespinal microglia, macrophage and astrocytescell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemNA248246312014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1513naloxone

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synthetic alkaloids (others)O=C1[C@@H]2OC3=C(O)C=CC4=C3[C@@]2([C@]5(CC1)O)CCN(CC=C)[C@@H]5C4NAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)SyntheticIt is primarily used for pain relief, cough and constipationToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micespinal microglia, macrophage and astrocytescell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemNA248246312014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1514Non-methylated CpG DNA

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BacteriaNANANucleic AcidNaturalact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytesextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunityNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1514Non-methylated CpG DNA

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BacteriaNANANucleic AcidNaturalact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytesextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunityNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1515Non-methylated CpG DNA

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BacteriaNANANucleic AcidNaturalact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytesextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunityNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1515Non-methylated CpG DNA

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BacteriaNANANucleic AcidNaturalact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytesextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunityNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1516non-methylated cytosine–guanine dinucleotide (Cg) motifs

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Bacterial, viral and mitochondrial DnaNANANucleic AcidNaturalact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR) Human patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma (CRC)plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) and B cellscell compartmentQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunityNA248167252014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1516non-methylated cytosine–guanine dinucleotide (Cg) motifs

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Bacterial, viral and mitochondrial DnaNANANucleic AcidNaturalact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR) Human patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma (CRC)plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) and B cellscell compartmentQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunityNA248167252014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1517ODN2006

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Bacteria5’-tcgtcgttttgtcgttttgtcgtt-3’24Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Syntheticinduce strong immunostimulatory effects trough activation of TLR9 in mammalian cells and type B CpG ODN2006 significantly induced IL-1b and IFN-a1Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humandendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cells NAQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunity Real-time PCR247362052014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1517ODN2006

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Bacteria5’-tcgtcgttttgtcgttttgtcgtt-3’24Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Syntheticinduce strong immunostimulatory effects trough activation of TLR9 in mammalian cells and type B CpG ODN2006 significantly induced IL-1b and IFN-a1Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humandendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cells NAQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunity Real-time PCR247362052014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1518oxidized lipids

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Gram-negative bacteriaNANADamage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)Naturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice(DCs)Dendritic cellscell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemNA248250612014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1518oxidized lipids

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Gram-negative bacteriaNANADamage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)Naturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice(DCs)Dendritic cellscell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemNA248250612014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1519Paclitaxel

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Pacific yew (plant)C1=C2C(C(=O)C3(C(CC4C(C3C(C(C2(C)C)(CC1OC(=O)C(C(C5=CC=CC=C5)NC(=O)C6=CC=CC=C6)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7)(CO4)OC(=O)C)O)C)OC(=O)CNAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Syntheticused to treat a number of types of cancerToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocytesignaling occurs through an adapter protein Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-b (TRIF)Q9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1519Paclitaxel

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Pacific yew (plant)C1=C2C(C(=O)C3(C(CC4C(C3C(C(C2(C)C)(CC1OC(=O)C(C(C5=CC=CC=C5)NC(=O)C6=CC=CC=C6)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7)(CO4)OC(=O)C)O)C)OC(=O)CNAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Syntheticused to treat a number of types of cancerToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocytesignaling occurs through an adapter protein Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-b (TRIF)Q9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1520Paclitaxel

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Pacific yew (plant)C1=C2C(C(=O)C3(C(CC4C(C3C(C(C2(C)C)(CC1OC(=O)C(C(C5=CC=CC=C5)NC(=O)C6=CC=CC=C6)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7)(CO4)OC(=O)C)O)C)OC(=O)CNAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Syntheticused to treat a number of types of cancerToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocytesignaling occurs through an adapter protein Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-b (TRIF)O00206.fastaO00206839plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1520Paclitaxel

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Pacific yew (plant)C1=C2C(C(=O)C3(C(CC4C(C3C(C(C2(C)C)(CC1OC(=O)C(C(C5=CC=CC=C5)NC(=O)C6=CC=CC=C6)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7)(CO4)OC(=O)C)O)C)OC(=O)CNAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Syntheticused to treat a number of types of cancerToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocytesignaling occurs through an adapter protein Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-b (TRIF)O00206.fastaO00206839plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1521Pam3

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BacteriaNANALipoproteinSynthetictriacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor 2/1 (TLR2/1)Toll-like receptor (TLR)European and African ChildrenNAMyD88NANANATLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.ELISA247435422014NA
PRRID_1521Pam3

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BacteriaNANALipoproteinSynthetictriacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor 2/1 (TLR2/1)Toll-like receptor (TLR)European and African ChildrenNAMyD88NANANATLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.ELISA247435422014NA
PRRID_1522Pam3CSK3

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipopeptidesSyntheticmimic parts of bacterial lipoproteinsToll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanNANANANANATLR2 forms a heterodimer with TLR1 in response to Pam3CSK4 leading to the recruitment of the adaptor proteins MAL and MYD88 and the activation of IL1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), IRAK1, and TNF receptor-associated factor 6 Real-time PCR247362052014NA
PRRID_1522Pam3CSK3

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipopeptidesSyntheticmimic parts of bacterial lipoproteinsToll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanNANANANANATLR2 forms a heterodimer with TLR1 in response to Pam3CSK4 leading to the recruitment of the adaptor proteins MAL and MYD88 and the activation of IL1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), IRAK1, and TNF receptor-associated factor 6 Real-time PCR247362052014NA
PRRID_1523Pam3CSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipoproteinSyntheticMimics the acylated amino terminus of bacterial LPs and is a potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, DCs and B-lymphocytesCell Surface (Exogenous)NANANATLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.NA248300242014NA
PRRID_1523Pam3CSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipoproteinSyntheticMimics the acylated amino terminus of bacterial LPs and is a potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, DCs and B-lymphocytesCell Surface (Exogenous)NANANATLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.NA248300242014NA
PRRID_1524Pam3CSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipoproteinSyntheticMimics the acylated amino terminus of bacterial LPs and is a potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, DCs and B-lymphocytesCell Surface (Exogenous)NANANATLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.NA248300242014NA
PRRID_1524Pam3CSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipoproteinSyntheticMimics the acylated amino terminus of bacterial LPs and is a potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, DCs and B-lymphocytesCell Surface (Exogenous)NANANATLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.NA248300242014NA
PRRID_1525Pam3CSK4

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Gram-positive and negative bacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Synthetictriacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmast cellscytoplasmic domainNANANATLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.Real-time PCR248186342014NA
PRRID_1525Pam3CSK4

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Gram-positive and negative bacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Synthetictriacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmast cellscytoplasmic domainNANANATLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.Real-time PCR248186342014NA
PRRID_1526Pam3CSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipoproteinSyntheticincreases the immunogenicity of B- cell lymphoma cells and alters their trafficking pattern when combined with the genotoxic anticancer drug 1-b-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine.Toll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Em-Myc Mice (a Mouse model for Human Burkitt lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphomas)B-cell lymphoma cell linescell surfaceNANANATLR2 forms a heterodimer with TLR1 in response to Pam3CSK4 leading to the recruitment of the adaptor proteins MAL and MYD88 and the activation of IL1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), IRAK1, and TNF receptor-associated factor 6ELISA247995232014NA
PRRID_1526Pam3CSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipoproteinSyntheticincreases the immunogenicity of B- cell lymphoma cells and alters their trafficking pattern when combined with the genotoxic anticancer drug 1-b-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine.Toll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Em-Myc Mice (a Mouse model for Human Burkitt lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphomas)B-cell lymphoma cell linescell surfaceNANANATLR2 forms a heterodimer with TLR1 in response to Pam3CSK4 leading to the recruitment of the adaptor proteins MAL and MYD88 and the activation of IL1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), IRAK1, and TNF receptor-associated factor 6ELISA247995232014NA
PRRID_1527Pam3CSK4

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Salmonella typhimurium(Bacteria)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipopeptidesSynthetictriacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Chickensplenocytescell surfaceQ9DD78.fastaQ9DD78793TLR2 and TLR5 promote cellular activation and the production of cytokines including proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-6, as well as those cytokines that help to initiate and modulate the adaptive immune response, including IL-4, IL-12, and interferon (IFN)-cELISA247977222014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1527Pam3CSK4

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Salmonella typhimurium(Bacteria)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipopeptidesSynthetictriacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Chickensplenocytescell surfaceQ9DD78.fastaQ9DD78793TLR2 and TLR5 promote cellular activation and the production of cytokines including proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-6, as well as those cytokines that help to initiate and modulate the adaptive immune response, including IL-4, IL-12, and interferon (IFN)-cELISA247977222014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1528Pam3CSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipopeptidesSyntheticinduce apoptosis in monocytesToll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanbone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs)cell surfaceNANANATLR1/2 triggering may be of therapeutic use to decrease cellular resistance to the cytotoxic action of chemotherapeutic agents.Fluorometric Adhesion Assay, Drug Cytotoxicity Assay, Apoptosis Assay247942582014NA
PRRID_1528Pam3CSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipopeptidesSyntheticinduce apoptosis in monocytesToll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanbone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs)cell surfaceNANANATLR1/2 triggering may be of therapeutic use to decrease cellular resistance to the cytotoxic action of chemotherapeutic agents.Fluorometric Adhesion Assay, Drug Cytotoxicity Assay, Apoptosis Assay247942582014NA
PRRID_1529Pam3CSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipoproteinSynthetictriacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247718542014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1529Pam3CSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipoproteinSynthetictriacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247718542014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1530Pam3CSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipoproteinSynthetictriacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247718542014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1530Pam3CSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipoproteinSynthetictriacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247718542014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1531Pam3CSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipoproteinSynthetictriacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceNANANAplays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247713282014NA
PRRID_1531Pam3CSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipoproteinSynthetictriacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceNANANAplays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247713282014NA
PRRID_1532Pam3CSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipoproteinSynthetictriacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceNANANAplays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247713282014NA
PRRID_1532Pam3CSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONALipoproteinSynthetictriacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceNANANAplays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247713282014NA
PRRID_1533Pam3CSK4 + Ara-C

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NACCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Syntheticenhanced the expressions of several immunomodulatory molecules and increased their sensitivity to effector cells of the immune system leading to decreased tumorigenicity of B-cell lymphoma cells.Toll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Em-Myc Mice (a Mouse model for Human Burkitt lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphomas)B-cell lymphoma cell linescell surfaceNANANACotreatment of cells with Pam3CSK4 and Ara-C induced the expression of a number of several immunomodulatory molecules including cell surface proteins, cytokines, and chemokines.ELISA247995232014NA
PRRID_1533Pam3CSK4 + Ara-C

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NACCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Syntheticenhanced the expressions of several immunomodulatory molecules and increased their sensitivity to effector cells of the immune system leading to decreased tumorigenicity of B-cell lymphoma cells.Toll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Em-Myc Mice (a Mouse model for Human Burkitt lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphomas)B-cell lymphoma cell linescell surfaceNANANACotreatment of cells with Pam3CSK4 and Ara-C induced the expression of a number of several immunomodulatory molecules including cell surface proteins, cytokines, and chemokines.ELISA247995232014NA