Browse result page of PRRDB 2.0

PRRID	Name of Ligand	Source of ligand	Sequence of Ligand	Length of Ligand	Type of Ligand	Occurence	Role of Ligand	Name of Receptor	Type of Reeptor	Source of the Receptor	Localization	Domain	Sequence of Receptor	Swiss prot ID	Length of receptor	Function of Receptor	Assay used	PMID	Year of publication	Pubchem assay
PRRID_1496	muramyl tripeptide Click for more detail	Mycobacteria (Bacteria)	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCCNC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)CCC(C(=O)N)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(C)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NC(=O)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC	NA	Peptide	Natural	in vitro activates Nod	PGLYRP-2	Peptidoglycan Recognition Receptor (PGRPs)	Human	intraepithelial T lymphocytes	intracellular receptors	Q96PD5.fasta	Q96PD5	576	recognises peptidoglycan of bacterial cell wall	NA	24779390	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1496	muramyl tripeptide Click for more detail	Mycobacteria (Bacteria)	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCCNC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)CCC(C(=O)N)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(C)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NC(=O)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC	NA	Peptide	Natural	in vitro activates Nod	PGLYRP-2	Peptidoglycan Recognition Receptor (PGRPs)	Human	intraepithelial T lymphocytes	intracellular receptors	Q96PD5.fasta	Q96PD5	576	recognises peptidoglycan of bacterial cell wall	NA	24779390	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1498	N-glycolylated muramic acid Click for more detail	Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Bacteria)	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NC(=O)C	NA	Carbohydrate	Natural	activates NOD2	Nod-like receptor 1 (NLR1)	NOD-like receptor (NLR)	Human	immune cells like peripheral blood monocytes, granulocytes and dendritic cells, as well as in astrocytes of the brain and in paneth cells of the gut	intracellular receptors	Q9HC29.fasta	Q9HC29	1040	Nod2, are associ- ated with inflammatory bowel disease in humans	NA	24779390	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1498	N-glycolylated muramic acid Click for more detail	Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Bacteria)	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NC(=O)C	NA	Carbohydrate	Natural	activates NOD2	Nod-like receptor 1 (NLR1)	NOD-like receptor (NLR)	Human	immune cells like peripheral blood monocytes, granulocytes and dendritic cells, as well as in astrocytes of the brain and in paneth cells of the gut	intracellular receptors	Q9HC29.fasta	Q9HC29	1040	Nod2, are associ- ated with inflammatory bowel disease in humans	NA	24779390	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1499	N-palmitoyl-S-[2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy)-propyl]-(R)-cysteinyl-(lysyl)3-lysine (PAM3CSK4) Click for more detail	Bacteria	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Lipoprotein	Synthetic	Mimics the acylated amino terminus of bacterial LPs and is a potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-Œ∫B.	Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	nasal mucosa Mesenchymal stromal cells (nmMSCs) inferior nasal concha of healthy individuals	cell surface	NA	NA	NA	TLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.	ELISA and Immunofluoroscence assay	24830384	2014	NA
PRRID_1499	N-palmitoyl-S-[2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy)-propyl]-(R)-cysteinyl-(lysyl)3-lysine (PAM3CSK4) Click for more detail	Bacteria	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Lipoprotein	Synthetic	Mimics the acylated amino terminus of bacterial LPs and is a potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-Œ∫B.	Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	nasal mucosa Mesenchymal stromal cells (nmMSCs) inferior nasal concha of healthy individuals	cell surface	NA	NA	NA	TLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.	ELISA and Immunofluoroscence assay	24830384	2014	NA
PRRID_1515	Non-methylated CpG DNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	act as immuno stimulants	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytes	extracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifs	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunity	NA	24754320	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1515	Non-methylated CpG DNA Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	act as immuno stimulants	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytes	extracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifs	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunity	NA	24754320	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1516	non-methylated cytosine‚Äìguanine dinucleotide (Cg) motifs Click for more detail	Bacterial, viral and mitochondrial Dna	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	act as immuno stimulants	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma (CRC)	plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) and B cells	cell compartment	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunity	NA	24816725	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1516	non-methylated cytosine‚Äìguanine dinucleotide (Cg) motifs Click for more detail	Bacterial, viral and mitochondrial Dna	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	act as immuno stimulants	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma (CRC)	plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) and B cells	cell compartment	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunity	NA	24816725	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1517	ODN2006 Click for more detail	Bacteria	5‚Äô-tcgtcgttttgtcgttttgtcgtt-3‚Äô	24	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	induce strong immunostimulatory effects trough activation of TLR9 in mammalian cells and type B CpG ODN2006 significantly induced IL-1b and IFN-a1	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	dendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cells	NA	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunity	Real-time PCR	24736205	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1517	ODN2006 Click for more detail	Bacteria	5‚Äô-tcgtcgttttgtcgttttgtcgtt-3‚Äô	24	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	induce strong immunostimulatory effects trough activation of TLR9 in mammalian cells and type B CpG ODN2006 significantly induced IL-1b and IFN-a1	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	dendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cells	NA	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunity	Real-time PCR	24736205	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1520	Paclitaxel Click for more detail	Pacific yew (plant)	C1=C2C(C(=O)C3(C(CC4C(C3C(C(C2(C)C)(CC1OC(=O)C(C(C5=CC=CC=C5)NC(=O)C6=CC=CC=C6)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7)(CO4)OC(=O)C)O)C)OC(=O)C	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	used to treat a number of types of cancer	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocyte	signaling occurs through an adapter protein Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-b (TRIF)	O00206.fasta	O00206	839	plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity	NA	24754320	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1520	Paclitaxel Click for more detail	Pacific yew (plant)	C1=C2C(C(=O)C3(C(CC4C(C3C(C(C2(C)C)(CC1OC(=O)C(C(C5=CC=CC=C5)NC(=O)C6=CC=CC=C6)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7)(CO4)OC(=O)C)O)C)OC(=O)C	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	used to treat a number of types of cancer	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocyte	signaling occurs through an adapter protein Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-b (TRIF)	O00206.fasta	O00206	839	plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity	NA	24754320	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1522	Pam3CSK3 Click for more detail	Bacteria	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Lipopeptides	Synthetic	mimic parts of bacterial lipoproteins	Toll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	TLR2 forms a heterodimer with TLR1 in response to Pam3CSK4 leading to the recruitment of the adaptor proteins MAL and MYD88 and the activation of IL1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), IRAK1, and TNF receptor-associated factor 6	Real-time PCR	24736205	2014	NA
PRRID_1522	Pam3CSK3 Click for more detail	Bacteria	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Lipopeptides	Synthetic	mimic parts of bacterial lipoproteins	Toll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	TLR2 forms a heterodimer with TLR1 in response to Pam3CSK4 leading to the recruitment of the adaptor proteins MAL and MYD88 and the activation of IL1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), IRAK1, and TNF receptor-associated factor 6	Real-time PCR	24736205	2014	NA
PRRID_1523	Pam3CSK4 Click for more detail	Bacteria	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Lipoprotein	Synthetic	Mimics the acylated amino terminus of bacterial LPs and is a potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-Œ∫B.	Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, DCs and B-lymphocytes	Cell Surface (Exogenous)	NA	NA	NA	TLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.	NA	24830024	2014	NA
PRRID_1523	Pam3CSK4 Click for more detail	Bacteria	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Lipoprotein	Synthetic	Mimics the acylated amino terminus of bacterial LPs and is a potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-Œ∫B.	Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, DCs and B-lymphocytes	Cell Surface (Exogenous)	NA	NA	NA	TLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.	NA	24830024	2014	NA
PRRID_1525	Pam3CSK4 Click for more detail	Gram-positive and negative bacteria	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	triacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-Œ∫B.	Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	mast cells	cytoplasmic domain	NA	NA	NA	TLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.	Real-time PCR	24818634	2014	NA
PRRID_1525	Pam3CSK4 Click for more detail	Gram-positive and negative bacteria	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	triacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-Œ∫B.	Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	mast cells	cytoplasmic domain	NA	NA	NA	TLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.	Real-time PCR	24818634	2014	NA
PRRID_1526	Pam3CSK4 Click for more detail	Bacteria	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Lipoprotein	Synthetic	increases the immunogenicity of B- cell lymphoma cells and alters their trafficking pattern when combined with the genotoxic anticancer drug 1-b-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine.	Toll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Em-Myc Mice (a Mouse model for Human Burkitt lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphomas)	B-cell lymphoma cell lines	cell surface	NA	NA	NA	TLR2 forms a heterodimer with TLR1 in response to Pam3CSK4 leading to the recruitment of the adaptor proteins MAL and MYD88 and the activation of IL1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), IRAK1, and TNF receptor-associated factor 6	ELISA	24799523	2014	NA
PRRID_1526	Pam3CSK4 Click for more detail	Bacteria	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Lipoprotein	Synthetic	increases the immunogenicity of B- cell lymphoma cells and alters their trafficking pattern when combined with the genotoxic anticancer drug 1-b-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine.	Toll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Em-Myc Mice (a Mouse model for Human Burkitt lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphomas)	B-cell lymphoma cell lines	cell surface	NA	NA	NA	TLR2 forms a heterodimer with TLR1 in response to Pam3CSK4 leading to the recruitment of the adaptor proteins MAL and MYD88 and the activation of IL1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), IRAK1, and TNF receptor-associated factor 6	ELISA	24799523	2014	NA
PRRID_1528	Pam3CSK4 Click for more detail	Bacteria	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Lipopeptides	Synthetic	induce apoptosis in monocytes	Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs)	cell surface	NA	NA	NA	TLR1/2 triggering may be of therapeutic use to decrease cellular resistance to the cytotoxic action of chemotherapeutic agents.	Fluorometric Adhesion Assay, Drug Cytotoxicity Assay, Apoptosis Assay	24794258	2014	NA
PRRID_1528	Pam3CSK4 Click for more detail	Bacteria	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Lipopeptides	Synthetic	induce apoptosis in monocytes	Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs)	cell surface	NA	NA	NA	TLR1/2 triggering may be of therapeutic use to decrease cellular resistance to the cytotoxic action of chemotherapeutic agents.	Fluorometric Adhesion Assay, Drug Cytotoxicity Assay, Apoptosis Assay	24794258	2014	NA
PRRID_1530	Pam3CSK4 Click for more detail	Bacteria	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Lipoprotein	Synthetic	triacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-Œ∫B.	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages	cell surface	O60603.fasta	O60603	784	plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity	ELISA	24771854	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1530	Pam3CSK4 Click for more detail	Bacteria	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Lipoprotein	Synthetic	triacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-Œ∫B.	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages	cell surface	O60603.fasta	O60603	784	plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity	ELISA	24771854	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1532	Pam3CSK4 Click for more detail	Bacteria	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Lipoprotein	Synthetic	triacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-Œ∫B.	Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages	cell surface	NA	NA	NA	plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity	ELISA	24771328	2014	NA
PRRID_1532	Pam3CSK4 Click for more detail	Bacteria	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Lipoprotein	Synthetic	triacylated lipopeptide potent activator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-Œ∫B.	Toll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages	cell surface	NA	NA	NA	plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity	ELISA	24771328	2014	NA
PRRID_1533	Pam3CSK4 + Ara-C Click for more detail	NA	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	enhanced the expressions of several immunomodulatory molecules and increased their sensitivity to effector cells of the immune system leading to decreased tumorigenicity of B-cell lymphoma cells.	Toll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Em-Myc Mice (a Mouse model for Human Burkitt lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphomas)	B-cell lymphoma cell lines	cell surface	NA	NA	NA	Cotreatment of cells with Pam3CSK4 and Ara-C induced the expression of a number of several immunomodulatory molecules including cell surface proteins, cytokines, and chemokines.	ELISA	24799523	2014	NA
PRRID_1533	Pam3CSK4 + Ara-C Click for more detail	NA	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	enhanced the expressions of several immunomodulatory molecules and increased their sensitivity to effector cells of the immune system leading to decreased tumorigenicity of B-cell lymphoma cells.	Toll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Em-Myc Mice (a Mouse model for Human Burkitt lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphomas)	B-cell lymphoma cell lines	cell surface	NA	NA	NA	Cotreatment of cells with Pam3CSK4 and Ara-C induced the expression of a number of several immunomodulatory molecules including cell surface proteins, cytokines, and chemokines.	ELISA	24799523	2014	NA
PRRID_1535	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Gram-positive bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	PGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-Œ∫B and TNF-Œ± through TLR2	Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 1 (Nod1)	NOD-like receptor (NLR)	Human	lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and also in nonimmune cells, for example in epithelium	Intracellular receptors	Q9Y239.fasta	Q9Y239	953	play key roles in regulation of innate immune response. NLRs can cooperate with Toll-like receptors and regulate inflammatory and apoptotic response.	NA	24829146	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1535	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Gram-positive bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	PGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-Œ∫B and TNF-Œ± through TLR2	Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 1 (Nod1)	NOD-like receptor (NLR)	Human	lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and also in nonimmune cells, for example in epithelium	Intracellular receptors	Q9Y239.fasta	Q9Y239	953	play key roles in regulation of innate immune response. NLRs can cooperate with Toll-like receptors and regulate inflammatory and apoptotic response.	NA	24829146	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1537	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Gram-positive bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	PGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-Œ∫B and TNF-Œ± through TLR2	Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)	NOD-like receptor (NLR)	Human	lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and also in nonimmune cells, for example in epithelium	Intracellular receptors	Q9HC29.fasta	Q9HC29	1040	play key roles in regulation of innate immune response. NLRs can cooperate with Toll-like receptors and regulate inflammatory and apoptotic response.	NA	24829146	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1537	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Gram-positive bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	PGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-Œ∫B and TNF-Œ± through TLR2	Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)	NOD-like receptor (NLR)	Human	lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and also in nonimmune cells, for example in epithelium	Intracellular receptors	Q9HC29.fasta	Q9HC29	1040	play key roles in regulation of innate immune response. NLRs can cooperate with Toll-like receptors and regulate inflammatory and apoptotic response.	NA	24829146	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1539	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Gram-positive bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	PGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-Œ∫B and TNF-Œ± through TLR2	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells	Cell Surface (Exogenous)	NA	NA	NA	fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.	NA	24830024	2014	NA
PRRID_1539	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Gram-positive bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	PGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-Œ∫B and TNF-Œ± through TLR2	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells	Cell Surface (Exogenous)	NA	NA	NA	fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.	NA	24830024	2014	NA
PRRID_1541	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Gram-positive bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	PGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-Œ∫B and TNF-Œ± through TLR2	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs	cell surface	O60603.fasta	O60603	784	significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses	ELISA	24825342	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1541	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Gram-positive bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	PGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-Œ∫B and TNF-Œ± through TLR2	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs	cell surface	O60603.fasta	O60603	784	significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses	ELISA	24825342	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1544	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Gram-positive bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	elicit innate immune response	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells	cell surface	O60603.fasta	O60603	784	Possible effect in case of stroke i.e Up-regulation of TLR2 mRNA correlates with severity of ischemia	NA	24807166	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1544	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Gram-positive bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	elicit innate immune response	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells	cell surface	O60603.fasta	O60603	784	Possible effect in case of stroke i.e Up-regulation of TLR2 mRNA correlates with severity of ischemia	NA	24807166	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1547	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	elicit innate immune response	Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)	NOD-like receptor (NLR)	Human	peripheral blood mononuclear cells such as macrophages, granulocytes, dendritic cells, and along the intestinal epithelial cells	intracellular receptors	Q9HC29.fasta	Q9HC29	1040	recognizes fragments of the bacterial cell wall.	Luciferase assay	24790089	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1547	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	elicit innate immune response	Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)	NOD-like receptor (NLR)	Human	peripheral blood mononuclear cells such as macrophages, granulocytes, dendritic cells, and along the intestinal epithelial cells	intracellular receptors	Q9HC29.fasta	Q9HC29	1040	recognizes fragments of the bacterial cell wall.	Luciferase assay	24790089	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1550	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	triggers immune responses	Nod-like receptor 1 (NLR1)	NOD-like receptor (NLR)	Human	lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells	intracellular receptors	NA	NA	NA	triggering of these receptors induces activation of the NF-Œ∫B pathway and consequently, an immune response	NA	24779390	2014	NA
PRRID_1550	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	triggers immune responses	Nod-like receptor 1 (NLR1)	NOD-like receptor (NLR)	Human	lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells	intracellular receptors	NA	NA	NA	triggering of these receptors induces activation of the NF-Œ∫B pathway and consequently, an immune response	NA	24779390	2014	NA
PRRID_1551	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	triggers immune responses	PGN-binding proteins (PGRPs)	Peptidoglycan Recognition Receptor (PGRPs)	Human	lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells	intracellular receptors	NA	NA	NA	triggering of these receptors induces activation of the NF-Œ∫B pathway and consequently, an immune response	NA	24779390	2014	NA
PRRID_1551	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	triggers immune responses	PGN-binding proteins (PGRPs)	Peptidoglycan Recognition Receptor (PGRPs)	Human	lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells	intracellular receptors	NA	NA	NA	triggering of these receptors induces activation of the NF-Œ∫B pathway and consequently, an immune response	NA	24779390	2014	NA
PRRID_1553	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Gram-positive bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	PGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-Œ∫B and TNF-Œ± through TLR2	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells	Cell Surface (Exogenous)	NA	NA	NA	fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.	ELISA	24771328	2014	NA
PRRID_1553	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Gram-positive bacteria	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	PGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-Œ∫B and TNF-Œ± through TLR2	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells	Cell Surface (Exogenous)	NA	NA	NA	fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.	ELISA	24771328	2014	NA
PRRID_1557	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Gram negative Bacteria (Bacteria)	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	elicit innate immune response	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells	extracellular domain with leucine-rich repeats and a conservative intracellular Toll/IL- 1 receptor (TIR) domain	O60603.fasta	O60603	784	significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses	ELISA	24757287	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1557	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Gram negative Bacteria (Bacteria)	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	elicit innate immune response	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells	extracellular domain with leucine-rich repeats and a conservative intracellular Toll/IL- 1 receptor (TIR) domain	O60603.fasta	O60603	784	significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses	ELISA	24757287	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1559	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Gram negative Bacteria (Bacteria)	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells	extracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifs	O60603.fasta	O60603	784	significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses	NA	24754320	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1559	Peptidoglycan (PGN) Click for more detail	Gram negative Bacteria (Bacteria)	CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)N	NA	Peptidoglycan	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells	extracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifs	O60603.fasta	O60603	784	significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses	NA	24754320	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1562	peroxiredoxins Click for more detail	NA	MSSGNAKIGHPAPNFKATAVMPDGQFKDISLSDYKGKYVVFFFYPLDFTFVCPTEIIAFSDRAEEFKKLNCQVIGASVDSHFCHLAWVNTPKKQGGLGPMNIPLVSDPKRTIAQDYGVLKADEGISFRGLFIIDDKGILRQITVNDLPVGRSVDETLRLVQAFQFTDKHGEVCPAGWKPGSDTIKPDVQKSKEYFSKQK	199	Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)	Natural	released in brain injury	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	ischemic brain tissue	cell surface	O00206.fasta	O00206	839	TLR4 signaling has been implicated in post-stroke neuroinflammation and injury and is also critical in the robustly neuroprotective ischemic preconditioning phenomenon	NA	24784586	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1562	peroxiredoxins Click for more detail	NA	MSSGNAKIGHPAPNFKATAVMPDGQFKDISLSDYKGKYVVFFFYPLDFTFVCPTEIIAFSDRAEEFKKLNCQVIGASVDSHFCHLAWVNTPKKQGGLGPMNIPLVSDPKRTIAQDYGVLKADEGISFRGLFIIDDKGILRQITVNDLPVGRSVDETLRLVQAFQFTDKHGEVCPAGWKPGSDTIKPDVQKSKEYFSKQK	199	Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)	Natural	released in brain injury	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	ischemic brain tissue	cell surface	O00206.fasta	O00206	839	TLR4 signaling has been implicated in post-stroke neuroinflammation and injury and is also critical in the robustly neuroprotective ischemic preconditioning phenomenon	NA	24784586	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1566	phosphorothioated unmethylated CpG-ODNs (Oligodeoxynucleotide) Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	CpG ODN induces class switching to isotypes IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3 in mice, while suppressing the production of the IgG1 and IgE isotypes; furthermore, it stimulates class switching from IgM to the more pathogenic IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 in human	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	B-Lymphocytes	Toll-IL-1R (TIR) domain	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	induces pro-inflammatory cytokine response	NA	24801688	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1566	phosphorothioated unmethylated CpG-ODNs (Oligodeoxynucleotide) Click for more detail	Bacteria	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	CpG ODN induces class switching to isotypes IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3 in mice, while suppressing the production of the IgG1 and IgE isotypes; furthermore, it stimulates class switching from IgM to the more pathogenic IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 in human	Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	B-Lymphocytes	Toll-IL-1R (TIR) domain	Q9NR96.fasta	Q9NR96	1032	induces pro-inflammatory cytokine response	NA	24801688	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1569	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cells	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	nasal mucosa Mesenchymal stromal cells (nmMSCs) inferior nasal concha of healthy individuals	endosomal receptor	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	ELISA and Immunofluoroscence assay	24830384	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1569	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cells	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	nasal mucosa Mesenchymal stromal cells (nmMSCs) inferior nasal concha of healthy individuals	endosomal receptor	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	ELISA and Immunofluoroscence assay	24830384	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1572	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cells	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs	cell surface	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.	ELISA	24825342	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1572	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cells	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs	cell surface	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.	ELISA	24825342	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1573	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cells	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	mast cells	Cell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.	Real-time PCR	24818634	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1573	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cells	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	mast cells	Cell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.	Real-time PCR	24818634	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1577	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cells	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Keratinocytes and mouse skin	cell compartment	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	important for inflammation in the skin following injury	NA	24786223	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1577	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cells	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Keratinocytes and mouse skin	cell compartment	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	important for inflammation in the skin following injury	NA	24786223	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1579	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cells	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	human MSCs (hMSCs) and murine MSCs (mMSCs)	intracellular receptors	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	the agonists of TLR3 and TLR4 in human MSCs (hMSCs) induce down- regulation of the of Notch ligand Jagged-1, and thus decrease the ability of MSCs to suppress allogeneic T cell proliferation	NA	24780395	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1579	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cells	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	human MSCs (hMSCs) and murine MSCs (mMSCs)	intracellular receptors	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	the agonists of TLR3 and TLR4 in human MSCs (hMSCs) induce down- regulation of the of Notch ligand Jagged-1, and thus decrease the ability of MSCs to suppress allogeneic T cell proliferation	NA	24780395	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1581	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cells	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Dendritic Cell, B-lymphocyte	Cell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.	ELISA	24771854	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1581	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cells	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Dendritic Cell, B-lymphocyte	Cell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.	ELISA	24771854	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1583	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cells	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Dendritic Cell, B-lymphocyte	Cell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.	ELISA	24771328	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1583	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	act as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cells	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Dendritic Cell, B-lymphocyte	Cell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.	ELISA	24771328	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1585	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	induces the expression of IFN-c, IFN-a1 and Mx	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Dendritic Cell, B-lymphocyte	NA	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.	Real-time PCR	24736205	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1585	polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] Click for more detail	NA	C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	induces the expression of IFN-c, IFN-a1 and Mx	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	Dendritic Cell, B-lymphocyte	NA	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.	Real-time PCR	24736205	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1591	PolyU Click for more detail	analog of ssRNA(others)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	up-regulate B-cells lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and promote the survival of lung cancer cells	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	lung cancer cells	cell compartment	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	important role in the immune response to viral infection	MTT assay, Cell Proliferation Assay	24782650	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1591	PolyU Click for more detail	analog of ssRNA(others)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	up-regulate B-cells lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and promote the survival of lung cancer cells	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	lung cancer cells	cell compartment	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	important role in the immune response to viral infection	MTT assay, Cell Proliferation Assay	24782650	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1595	R848 Click for more detail	Virus	CCOCC1=NC2=C(N1CC(C)(C)O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2N	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	immune modulators	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs	Cell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	important role in the immune response to viral infection	ELISA	24825342	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1595	R848 Click for more detail	Virus	CCOCC1=NC2=C(N1CC(C)(C)O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2N	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	immune modulators	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs	Cell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	important role in the immune response to viral infection	ELISA	24825342	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1597	R848 Click for more detail	Virus	CCOCC1=NC2=C(N1CC(C)(C)O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2N	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	immune modulators	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs	cell compartment	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	important role in the immune response to viral infection	ELISA	24771854	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1597	R848 Click for more detail	Virus	CCOCC1=NC2=C(N1CC(C)(C)O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2N	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	immune modulators	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs	cell compartment	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	important role in the immune response to viral infection	ELISA	24771854	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1599	R848 Click for more detail	Virus	CCOCC1=NC2=C(N1CC(C)(C)O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2N	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	immune modulators	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs	cell compartment	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	important role in the immune response to viral infection	ELISA	24771328	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1599	R848 Click for more detail	Virus	CCOCC1=NC2=C(N1CC(C)(C)O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2N	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	immune modulators	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs	cell compartment	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	important role in the immune response to viral infection	ELISA	24771328	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1600	Recombinant IFNŒ≤ Click for more detail	CHO cells(others)	MTNKCLLQIALLLCFSTTALSMSYNLLGFLQRSSNCQCQKLLWQLNGRLEYCLKDRRNFDIPEEIKQLQQFQKEDAAVTIYEMLQNIFAIFRQDSSSTGWNETIVENLLANVYHQRNHLKTVLEEKLEKEDFTRGKRMSSLHLKRYYGRILHYLKAKEDSHCAWTIVRVEILRNFYVINRLTGYLRN	187	Protein	Synthetic	play an important role in inducing non-specific resistance against a broad range of viral infections.	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	nasal mucosa Mesenchymal stromal cells (nmMSCs) inferior nasal concha of healthy individuals	endosomal receptor	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	ELISA and Immunofluoroscence assay	24830384	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1600	Recombinant IFNŒ≤ Click for more detail	CHO cells(others)	MTNKCLLQIALLLCFSTTALSMSYNLLGFLQRSSNCQCQKLLWQLNGRLEYCLKDRRNFDIPEEIKQLQQFQKEDAAVTIYEMLQNIFAIFRQDSSSTGWNETIVENLLANVYHQRNHLKTVLEEKLEKEDFTRGKRMSSLHLKRYYGRILHYLKAKEDSHCAWTIVRVEILRNFYVINRLTGYLRN	187	Protein	Synthetic	play an important role in inducing non-specific resistance against a broad range of viral infections.	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	nasal mucosa Mesenchymal stromal cells (nmMSCs) inferior nasal concha of healthy individuals	endosomal receptor	O15455.fasta	O15455	904	TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligands	ELISA and Immunofluoroscence assay	24830384	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1603	resistin (RSTN)] Click for more detail	Primates, rodents (others)	MKNLSFPLLFLFFLVPELLGSSMPLCPIDEAIDKKIKQDFNSLFPNAIKNIGLNCWTVSSRGKLASCPEGTAVLSCSCGSACGSWDIREEKVCHCQCARIDWTAARCCKLQVAS	114	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Natural	associated with atherosclerosis.	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocyte	cell surface	O00206.fasta	O00206	839	TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-Œ∫B and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune system	ELISA	24823872	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1603	resistin (RSTN)] Click for more detail	Primates, rodents (others)	MKNLSFPLLFLFFLVPELLGSSMPLCPIDEAIDKKIKQDFNSLFPNAIKNIGLNCWTVSSRGKLASCPEGTAVLSCSCGSACGSWDIREEKVCHCQCARIDWTAARCCKLQVAS	114	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Natural	associated with atherosclerosis.	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocyte	cell surface	O00206.fasta	O00206	839	TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-Œ∫B and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune system	ELISA	24823872	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1607	RNA oligoribonucleotides (ORN) Click for more detail	Virus	5‚Äô -GGACGGAAAGACCCCGUGG- 3‚Äô	19	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	elicit innate immune response	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte-derived dendritic cells,polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN)	extracellular domain (ECD)	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	controlling antiviral host defense or autoimmune diseases and TLR8 and respond to its activation with TNF production and/or degranulation	Microarray analysis, Quantitative PCR, Phosphoproteomic screen, Confocal cell imaging,RNA40 pull-down assay and Immunoblot	24813206	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1607	RNA oligoribonucleotides (ORN) Click for more detail	Virus	5‚Äô -GGACGGAAAGACCCCGUGG- 3‚Äô	19	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	elicit innate immune response	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte-derived dendritic cells,polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN)	extracellular domain (ECD)	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	controlling antiviral host defense or autoimmune diseases and TLR8 and respond to its activation with TNF production and/or degranulation	Microarray analysis, Quantitative PCR, Phosphoproteomic screen, Confocal cell imaging,RNA40 pull-down assay and Immunoblot	24813206	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1608	RNA oligoribonucleotides (ORN) Click for more detail	Virus	5‚Äô -GGACGGAAAGACCCCGUGG- 3‚Äô	19	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	elicit innate immune response	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte-derived dendritic cells,polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN)	extracellular domain (ECD)	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	controlling antiviral host defense or autoimmune diseases and TLR8 and respond to its activation with TNF production and/or degranulation	Microarray analysis, Quantitative PCR, Phosphoproteomic screen, Confocal cell imaging,RNA40 pull-down assay and Immunoblot	24813206	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1608	RNA oligoribonucleotides (ORN) Click for more detail	Virus	5‚Äô -GGACGGAAAGACCCCGUGG- 3‚Äô	19	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	elicit innate immune response	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte-derived dendritic cells,polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN)	extracellular domain (ECD)	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	controlling antiviral host defense or autoimmune diseases and TLR8 and respond to its activation with TNF production and/or degranulation	Microarray analysis, Quantitative PCR, Phosphoproteomic screen, Confocal cell imaging,RNA40 pull-down assay and Immunoblot	24813206	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1613	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines in pDC	RIG-1	Rig-like receptor (RLR)	Human	epithelial cells, myeloid cells, and CNS cells	Cytosol of cell	O95786.fasta	O95786	925	Recognize distinct viruses and produce the antiviral immune changes that initiate an innate response	NA	24829146	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1613	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Synthetic	induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines in pDC	RIG-1	Rig-like receptor (RLR)	Human	epithelial cells, myeloid cells, and CNS cells	Cytosol of cell	O95786.fasta	O95786	925	Recognize distinct viruses and produce the antiviral immune changes that initiate an innate response	NA	24829146	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1616	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines in pDC	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs	Cell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	TLR7-mediated activation of these cells resulted in the induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-Œ±, IFN-Œ≤, TNF-Œ±, and IL-12	ELISA	24825342	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1616	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines in pDC	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs	Cell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	TLR7-mediated activation of these cells resulted in the induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-Œ±, IFN-Œ≤, TNF-Œ±, and IL-12	ELISA	24825342	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1617	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines in pDC	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs	Cell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	TLR7-mediated activation of these cells resulted in the induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-Œ±, IFN-Œ≤, TNF-Œ±, and IL-12	ELISA	24825342	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1617	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines in pDC	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs	Cell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	TLR7-mediated activation of these cells resulted in the induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-Œ±, IFN-Œ≤, TNF-Œ±, and IL-12	ELISA	24825342	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1619	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines in pDC	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	mast cells	Cell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	important role in the immune response to viral infection	Real-time PCR	24818634	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1619	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	Virus	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines in pDC	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	mast cells	Cell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	important role in the immune response to viral infection	Real-time PCR	24818634	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1623	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	RNA virus (Virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytes	cell compartment	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	Possible effect in case of stroke i.e it is Involved in preconditioning	NA	24807166	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1623	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	RNA virus (Virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytes	cell compartment	Q9NYK1.fasta	Q9NYK1	1049	Possible effect in case of stroke i.e it is Involved in preconditioning	NA	24807166	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1625	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	RNA virus (Virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, DCs, mast cells	cell compartment	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	important role in the immune response to viral infection	NA	24807166	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1625	single-stranded RNA Click for more detail	RNA virus (Virus)	NA	NA	Nucleic Acid	Natural	triggers immune responses	Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, DCs, mast cells	cell compartment	Q9NR97.fasta	Q9NR97	1041	important role in the immune response to viral infection	NA	24807166	2014	Pubchem_assay

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