Browse result page of PRRDB 2.0

PRRIDName of LigandSource of ligandSequence of LigandLength of Ligand Type of Ligand OccurenceRole of LigandName of ReceptorType of ReeptorSource of the ReceptorLocalizationDomainSequence of ReceptorSwiss prot IDLength of receptorFunction of ReceptorAssay usedPMIDYear of publicationPubchem assay
PRRID_1561peroxiredoxins

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NAMSSGNAKIGHPAPNFKATAVMPDGQFKDISLSDYKGKYVVFFFYPLDFTFVCPTEIIAFSDRAEEFKKLNCQVIGASVDSHFCHLAWVNTPKKQGGLGPMNIPLVSDPKRTIAQDYGVLKADEGISFRGLFIIDDKGILRQITVNDLPVGRSVDETLRLVQAFQFTDKHGEVCPAGWKPGSDTIKPDVQKSKEYFSKQK199Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)Naturalreleased in brain injuryToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Miceischemic brain tissuecell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR4 signaling has been implicated in post-stroke neuroinflammation and injury and is also critical in the robustly neuroprotective ischemic preconditioning phenomenonNA247845862014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1561peroxiredoxins

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NAMSSGNAKIGHPAPNFKATAVMPDGQFKDISLSDYKGKYVVFFFYPLDFTFVCPTEIIAFSDRAEEFKKLNCQVIGASVDSHFCHLAWVNTPKKQGGLGPMNIPLVSDPKRTIAQDYGVLKADEGISFRGLFIIDDKGILRQITVNDLPVGRSVDETLRLVQAFQFTDKHGEVCPAGWKPGSDTIKPDVQKSKEYFSKQK199Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)Naturalreleased in brain injuryToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Miceischemic brain tissuecell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR4 signaling has been implicated in post-stroke neuroinflammation and injury and is also critical in the robustly neuroprotective ischemic preconditioning phenomenonNA247845862014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1565phosphorothioated unmethylated CpG-ODNs (Oligodeoxynucleotide)

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BacteriaNANANucleic AcidSyntheticCpG ODN induces class switching to isotypes IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3 in mice, while suppressing the production of the IgG1 and IgE isotypes; furthermore, it stimulates class switching from IgM to the more pathogenic IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 in humanToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceB-LymphocytesToll-IL-1R (TIR) domainQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032induces pro-inflammatory cytokine responseNA248016882014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1565phosphorothioated unmethylated CpG-ODNs (Oligodeoxynucleotide)

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BacteriaNANANucleic AcidSyntheticCpG ODN induces class switching to isotypes IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3 in mice, while suppressing the production of the IgG1 and IgE isotypes; furthermore, it stimulates class switching from IgM to the more pathogenic IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 in humanToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceB-LymphocytesToll-IL-1R (TIR) domainQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032induces pro-inflammatory cytokine responseNA248016882014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1568polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]

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NAC1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)ONANucleic AcidSyntheticact as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cellsToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)pDCsintracellular receptorsP58681.fastaP586811050important role in the immune response to viral infectionflow cytometry analysis, Immunofluorescence, Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA248142382014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1568polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]

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NAC1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)ONANucleic AcidSyntheticact as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cellsToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)pDCsintracellular receptorsP58681.fastaP586811050important role in the immune response to viral infectionflow cytometry analysis, Immunofluorescence, Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA248142382014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1570polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]

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NAC1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)ONANucleic AcidSyntheticinduces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cellsToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceDendritic Cellendosomal receptorQ99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligandsELISA248294112014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1570polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]

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NAC1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)ONANucleic AcidSyntheticinduces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cellsToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceDendritic Cellendosomal receptorQ99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905TLR3 ligands induced the release of both proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8] and type I interferon by nmMSCs compared with other TLR ligandsELISA248294112014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1571polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]

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NAC1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)ONANucleic AcidSyntheticact as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cellsToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceDendritic Cell, B-lymphocyteCell Surface (Exogenous)Q99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.NA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1571polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]

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NAC1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)ONANucleic AcidSyntheticact as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cellsToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceDendritic Cell, B-lymphocyteCell Surface (Exogenous)Q99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.NA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1575polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]

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NAC1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)ONANucleic AcidSyntheticact as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cellsToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceKeratinocytes and mouse skincell compartmentQ99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247862232014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1575polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]

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NAC1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)ONANucleic AcidSyntheticact as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cellsToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceKeratinocytes and mouse skincell compartmentQ99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247862232014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1576polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]

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NAC1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)ONANucleic AcidSyntheticact as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cellsToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceKeratinocytes and mouse skincell compartmentQ99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247862232014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1576polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]

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NAC1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)ONANucleic AcidSyntheticact as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cellsToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceKeratinocytes and mouse skincell compartmentQ99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247862232014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1578polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]

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NAC1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)ONANucleic AcidSyntheticact as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cellsToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micehuman MSCs (hMSCs) and murine MSCs (mMSCs)intracellular receptorsQ99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905the agonists of TLR3 and TLR4 in human MSCs (hMSCs) induce down- regulation of the of Notch ligand Jagged-1, and thus decrease the ability of MSCs to suppress allogeneic T cell proliferationNA247803952014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1578polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]

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NAC1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)ONANucleic AcidSyntheticact as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cellsToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micehuman MSCs (hMSCs) and murine MSCs (mMSCs)intracellular receptorsQ99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905the agonists of TLR3 and TLR4 in human MSCs (hMSCs) induce down- regulation of the of Notch ligand Jagged-1, and thus decrease the ability of MSCs to suppress allogeneic T cell proliferationNA247803952014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1580polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]

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NAC1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)ONANucleic AcidSyntheticact as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cellsToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceDendritic Cell, B-lymphocyteCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)Q99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.ELISA247718542014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1580polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]

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NAC1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)ONANucleic AcidSyntheticact as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cellsToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceDendritic Cell, B-lymphocyteCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)Q99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.ELISA247718542014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1582polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]

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NAC1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)ONANucleic AcidSyntheticact as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cellsToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceDendritic Cell, B-lymphocyteCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)Q99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.ELISA247713282014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1582polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]

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NAC1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)ONANucleic AcidSyntheticact as a TLR3 agonist and induces protective responses against rapidly growing tumor cellsToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceDendritic Cell, B-lymphocyteCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)Q99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.ELISA247713282014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1592profilin-like protein

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T. gondii (others)MSDWDPVVKEWLVDTGYCCAGGIANVSAEDGVVFAAAADDDDGWSKLYKDDHEEDTIGEDGNACGKVSINEASTIKAAVDDGSAPNGVWIGGQKYKVVRPEKGFEYNDCTFDITMCARSKGGAHLIKTPNGSIVIALYDEEKEQDKGNSRTSALAFAEYLHQSGY165ProteinNaturalinduction of immune response against T. gondiiToll-like receptor 10 (TLR10)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagesCell Surface (Exogenous)Q6R5P0.fastaQ6R5P0926induces the release of interleukin 12 against T. gondii infected miceNA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1592profilin-like protein

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T. gondii (others)MSDWDPVVKEWLVDTGYCCAGGIANVSAEDGVVFAAAADDDDGWSKLYKDDHEEDTIGEDGNACGKVSINEASTIKAAVDDGSAPNGVWIGGQKYKVVRPEKGFEYNDCTFDITMCARSKGGAHLIKTPNGSIVIALYDEEKEQDKGNSRTSALAFAEYLHQSGY165ProteinNaturalinduction of immune response against T. gondiiToll-like receptor 10 (TLR10)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagesCell Surface (Exogenous)Q6R5P0.fastaQ6R5P0926induces the release of interleukin 12 against T. gondii infected miceNA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1593profilin-like protein

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T. gondii (others)MSDWDPVVKEWLVDTGYCCAGGIANVSAEDGVVFAAAADDDDGWSKLYKDDHEEDTIGEDGNACGKVSINEASTIKAAVDDGSAPNGVWIGGQKYKVVRPEKGFEYNDCTFDITMCARSKGGAHLIKTPNGSIVIALYDEEKEQDKGNSRTSALAFAEYLHQSGY165ProteinNaturalinduction of immune response against T. gondiiToll-like receptor 10 (TLR10)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagescell compartmentQ6R5P0.fastaQ6R5P0926induces the release of interleukin 12 against T. gondii infected miceNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1593profilin-like protein

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T. gondii (others)MSDWDPVVKEWLVDTGYCCAGGIANVSAEDGVVFAAAADDDDGWSKLYKDDHEEDTIGEDGNACGKVSINEASTIKAAVDDGSAPNGVWIGGQKYKVVRPEKGFEYNDCTFDITMCARSKGGAHLIKTPNGSIVIALYDEEKEQDKGNSRTSALAFAEYLHQSGY165ProteinNaturalinduction of immune response against T. gondiiToll-like receptor 10 (TLR10)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagescell compartmentQ6R5P0.fastaQ6R5P0926induces the release of interleukin 12 against T. gondii infected miceNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1594proteoglycolipid complex (P8)

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Leishmania (others)NANAProteinNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)TLR-deficient Mice on a C57BL/6monocyte/macrophagescell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemELISA248017352014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1594proteoglycolipid complex (P8)

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Leishmania (others)NANAProteinNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)TLR-deficient Mice on a C57BL/6monocyte/macrophagescell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemELISA248017352014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1596R848

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VirusCCOCC1=NC2=C(N1CC(C)(C)O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2NNAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Syntheticimmune modulatorsToll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Miceplasmacytoid and myeloid DCscell compartmentP58682.fastaP586821032important role in the immune response to viral infectionELISA247718542014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1596R848

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VirusCCOCC1=NC2=C(N1CC(C)(C)O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2NNAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Syntheticimmune modulatorsToll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Miceplasmacytoid and myeloid DCscell compartmentP58682.fastaP586821032important role in the immune response to viral infectionELISA247718542014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1598R848

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VirusCCOCC1=NC2=C(N1CC(C)(C)O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2NNAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Syntheticimmune modulatorsToll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Miceplasmacytoid and myeloid DCscell compartmentP58682.fastaP586821032important role in the immune response to viral infectionELISA247713282014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1598R848

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VirusCCOCC1=NC2=C(N1CC(C)(C)O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2NNAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Syntheticimmune modulatorsToll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Miceplasmacytoid and myeloid DCscell compartmentP58682.fastaP586821032important role in the immune response to viral infectionELISA247713282014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1604Resveratrol (Res, 3,4’,5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene)

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grapes and other plants (plant)C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2)O)O)ONApolyphenolNaturalanti-inflammatory agent and influence macrophage activationToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Endotoxemic Micemonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemqRT-PCR, immunofluorescence assay, western blot248023902014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1604Resveratrol (Res, 3,4’,5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene)

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grapes and other plants (plant)C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2)O)O)ONApolyphenolNaturalanti-inflammatory agent and influence macrophage activationToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Endotoxemic Micemonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemqRT-PCR, immunofluorescence assay, western blot248023902014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1605Resveratrol (Res, 3,4’,5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene)

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grapes and red wine (plant)C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2)O)O)ONApolyphenolNaturalinhibition of tumor initiation, anti‐inflammatory, lipid modification, anti‐oxidative, neuro- protective and anti-aging effectsToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) ( myd88, NF-κB)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocytecell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemELISA248185792014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1605Resveratrol (Res, 3,4’,5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene)

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grapes and red wine (plant)C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2)O)O)ONApolyphenolNaturalinhibition of tumor initiation, anti‐inflammatory, lipid modification, anti‐oxidative, neuro- protective and anti-aging effectsToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) ( myd88, NF-κB)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocytecell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemELISA248185792014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1606RNA

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Enterovirus 71 (virus)NANANucleic AcidNaturalThe binding of ligand leads to the activation of the nuclear factor Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceDendritic cellsLRRQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032This leads to the antiviral response against EV71Cytokines assay250786972014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1606RNA

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Enterovirus 71 (virus)NANANucleic AcidNaturalThe binding of ligand leads to the activation of the nuclear factor Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceDendritic cellsLRRQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032This leads to the antiviral response against EV71Cytokines assay250786972014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1609S100 proteins

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NAMSELEKAMVALIDVFHQYSGREGDKHKLKKSELKELINNELSHFLEEIKEQEVVDKVMETLDNDGDGECDFQEFMAFVAMVTTACHEFFEHE92Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)Naturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice(DCs)Dendritic cellscell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemNA248250612014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1609S100 proteins

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NAMSELEKAMVALIDVFHQYSGREGDKHKLKKSELKELINNELSHFLEEIKEQEVVDKVMETLDNDGDGECDFQEFMAFVAMVTTACHEFFEHE92Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)Naturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice(DCs)Dendritic cellscell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemNA248250612014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1611Saturated fatty acids

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Host (Endogenous) (others)NANAFatty acid Naturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)TLR-deficient Mice on a C57BL/6monocyte/macrophagescell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemELISA248017352014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1611Saturated fatty acids

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Host (Endogenous) (others)NANAFatty acid Naturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)TLR-deficient Mice on a C57BL/6monocyte/macrophagescell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemELISA248017352014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1612self DNA

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Host (Endogenous) (others)NANANucleic AcidNaturalact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytesCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)Q9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032induces pro-inflammatory cytokine responseNA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1612self DNA

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Host (Endogenous) (others)NANANucleic AcidNaturalact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytesCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)Q9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032induces pro-inflammatory cytokine responseNA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1614single-stranded RNA

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VirusNANANucleic AcidNaturalinduce the production of proinflammatory cytokines in pDCToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytesCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)P58681.fastaP586811050important role in the immune response to viral infectionNA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1614single-stranded RNA

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VirusNANANucleic AcidNaturalinduce the production of proinflammatory cytokines in pDCToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytesCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)P58681.fastaP586811050important role in the immune response to viral infectionNA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1615single-stranded RNA

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VirusNANANucleic AcidNaturalinduce the production of proinflammatory cytokines in pDCToll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, DCs, mast cellsCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)P58682.fastaP586821032important role in the immune response to viral infectionNA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1615single-stranded RNA

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VirusNANANucleic AcidNaturalinduce the production of proinflammatory cytokines in pDCToll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, DCs, mast cellsCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)P58682.fastaP586821032important role in the immune response to viral infectionNA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1620single-stranded RNA

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VirusNANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)plasmacytoid and myeloid DCsintracellular receptorsP58681.fastaP586811050important role in the immune response to viral infectionflow cytometry analysis, Immunofluorescence, Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA248142382014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1620single-stranded RNA

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VirusNANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)plasmacytoid and myeloid DCsintracellular receptorsP58681.fastaP586811050important role in the immune response to viral infectionflow cytometry analysis, Immunofluorescence, Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA248142382014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1621single-stranded RNA

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VirusNANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)plasmacytoid and myeloid DCsintracellular receptorsQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032important role in the immune response to viral infectionflow cytometry analysis, Immunofluorescence, Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA248142382014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1621single-stranded RNA

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VirusNANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)plasmacytoid and myeloid DCsintracellular receptorsQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032important role in the immune response to viral infectionflow cytometry analysis, Immunofluorescence, Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA248142382014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1622single-stranded RNA

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RNA virus (Virus)NANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytescell compartmentP58681.fastaP586811050Possible effect in case of stroke i.e it is Involved in preconditioningNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1622single-stranded RNA

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RNA virus (Virus)NANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytescell compartmentP58681.fastaP586811050Possible effect in case of stroke i.e it is Involved in preconditioningNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1624single-stranded RNA

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RNA virus (Virus)NANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, DCs, mast cellscell compartmentP58682.fastaP586821032important role in the immune response to viral infectionNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1624single-stranded RNA

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RNA virus (Virus)NANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, DCs, mast cellscell compartmentP58682.fastaP586821032important role in the immune response to viral infectionNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1626single-stranded RNA

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VirusNANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceKeratinocytes and mouse skincell compartmentQ99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247862232014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1626single-stranded RNA

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VirusNANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceKeratinocytes and mouse skincell compartmentQ99MB1.fastaQ99MB1905important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247862232014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1630single-stranded RNA

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VirusNANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micedendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cellscell compartmentP58681.fastaP586811050important role in the immune response to viral infectionwhole blood assay (WBA), ELISA247668202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1630single-stranded RNA

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VirusNANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micedendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cellscell compartmentP58681.fastaP586811050important role in the immune response to viral infectionwhole blood assay (WBA), ELISA247668202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1631single-stranded RNA

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VirusNANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micedendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cellscell compartmentP58682.fastaP586821032important role in the immune response to viral infectionwhole blood assay (WBA), ELISA247668202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1631single-stranded RNA

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VirusNANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micedendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cellscell compartmentP58682.fastaP586821032important role in the immune response to viral infectionwhole blood assay (WBA), ELISA247668202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1634single-stranded RNA

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VirusNANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MicepDCsTLR7 signalling via the adaptor MYD88P58681.fastaP586811050activation of either nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) or IFN-regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), which are transcription factors that are responsible for stimulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I IFNs, respectively.NA247628272014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1634single-stranded RNA

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VirusNANANucleic AcidNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MicepDCsTLR7 signalling via the adaptor MYD88P58681.fastaP586811050activation of either nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) or IFN-regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), which are transcription factors that are responsible for stimulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I IFNs, respectively.NA247628272014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1637single-stranded RNA

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herpes simplex virus (virus)NANANucleic AcidNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytesextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsP58681.fastaP586811050important role in the immune response to viral infectionNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1637single-stranded RNA

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herpes simplex virus (virus)NANANucleic AcidNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytesextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsP58681.fastaP586811050important role in the immune response to viral infectionNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1639single-stranded RNA

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herpes simplex virus (virus)NANANucleic AcidNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, DCs, mast cellsextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsP58682.fastaP586821032important role in the immune response to viral infectionNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1639single-stranded RNA

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herpes simplex virus (virus)NANANucleic AcidNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, DCs, mast cellsextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsP58682.fastaP586821032important role in the immune response to viral infectionNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1643surfactant protein-A

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Host (Endogenous) (others)MWLCPLALNLILMAASGAVCEVKDVCVGSPGIPGTPGSHGLPGRDGRDGLKGDPGPPGPMGPPGEMPCPPGNDGLPGAPGIPGECGEKGEPGERGPPGLPAHLDEELQATLHDFRHQILQTRGALSLQGSIMTVGEKVFSSNGQSITFDAIQEACARAGGRIAVPRNPEENEAIASFVKKYNTYAYVGLTEGPSPGDFRYSDGTPVNYTNWYRGEPAGRGKEQCVEMYTDGQWNDRNCLYSRLTICEF248ProteinNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocytesignaling occurs through an adapter protein Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-b (TRIF)Q9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1643surfactant protein-A

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Host (Endogenous) (others)MWLCPLALNLILMAASGAVCEVKDVCVGSPGIPGTPGSHGLPGRDGRDGLKGDPGPPGPMGPPGEMPCPPGNDGLPGAPGIPGECGEKGEPGERGPPGLPAHLDEELQATLHDFRHQILQTRGALSLQGSIMTVGEKVFSSNGQSITFDAIQEACARAGGRIAVPRNPEENEAIASFVKKYNTYAYVGLTEGPSPGDFRYSDGTPVNYTNWYRGEPAGRGKEQCVEMYTDGQWNDRNCLYSRLTICEF248ProteinNaturaltriggers immune responsesToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocytesignaling occurs through an adapter protein Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-b (TRIF)Q9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1647Tenascin C

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Human (others)MGAVTWLLPGIFLALFALTPEGGVLKKIIRHKRESGLNMTLPEENQPVVFNHIYNIKLPMGSQCSVDLESASGEKDLTPTPESSGSFQEHTVDGENQIVFTHRINIPRRACGCAAAPDVKELLSRLEELELLVSSLREQCTMGTGCCLQPAEGRLDTRPFCSGRGNFSAEGCGCVCEPGWKGPNCSEPDCPGNCNLRGQCLDGQCICDEGFTGEDCSQLACPNDCNDQGRCVNGVCVCFEGYAGPDCGLEVCPVPCSEEHGMCVDGRCVCKDGFAGEDCNEPLCLNNCYNRGRCVENECVCDEGFTGEDCSELICPNDCFDRGRCINGTCYCEEGFTGEDCGELTCPNDCQGRGQCEEGQCVCNEGFAGADCSEKRCPADCHHRGRCLNGQCECDDGFTGADCGDLQCPNGCSGHGRCVNGQCVCDEGYTGEDCSQRRCPNDCHNRGLCVQGKCICEQGFKGFDCSEMSCPNDCHQHGRCVNGMCICDDDYTGEDCRDRRCPRDCSQRGRCVDGQCICEDGFTGPDCAELSCPSDCHGHGRCVNGQCICHEGFTGKDCKEQRCPSDCHGQGRCEDGQCICHEGFTGLDCGQRSCPNDCSNQGQCVSGRCICNEGYTGIDCSEVSPPKDLIVTEVTEETVNLAWDNEMRVTEYLIMYTPTHADGLEMQFRVPGDQTSTTIRELEPGVEYFIRVFAILENKRSIPVSARVATYLPAPEGLKFKSIKETSVEVEWDPLDIAFETWEIIFRNMNKEDEGEITKSLRRPETSYRQTGLAPGQEYEISLHIVKNNTRGPGLKKVTTTRLDAPSHIEVKDVTDTTALITWFKPLAEIDSIELSYGIKDVPGDRTTIDLTHEDNQYSIGNLRPDTEYEVSLISRRVDMASNPAKETFITGLDAPRNLRRVSQTDNSITLEWRNVKADIDSYRIKYAPISGGDHAEIDVPKSQQATTKTTLTGLRPGTEYGIGVSAVKGDKESDPATINAATEIDAPKDLRVSETTQDS2110Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)NaturalTN-C clearly plays a role in cell signaling as evidenced by its ability to be induced during events such as trauma, inflammation, or cancer development.Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocyteCell Surface (Exogenous)O00206.fastaO00206839TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemNA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1647Tenascin C

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Human (others)MGAVTWLLPGIFLALFALTPEGGVLKKIIRHKRESGLNMTLPEENQPVVFNHIYNIKLPMGSQCSVDLESASGEKDLTPTPESSGSFQEHTVDGENQIVFTHRINIPRRACGCAAAPDVKELLSRLEELELLVSSLREQCTMGTGCCLQPAEGRLDTRPFCSGRGNFSAEGCGCVCEPGWKGPNCSEPDCPGNCNLRGQCLDGQCICDEGFTGEDCSQLACPNDCNDQGRCVNGVCVCFEGYAGPDCGLEVCPVPCSEEHGMCVDGRCVCKDGFAGEDCNEPLCLNNCYNRGRCVENECVCDEGFTGEDCSELICPNDCFDRGRCINGTCYCEEGFTGEDCGELTCPNDCQGRGQCEEGQCVCNEGFAGADCSEKRCPADCHHRGRCLNGQCECDDGFTGADCGDLQCPNGCSGHGRCVNGQCVCDEGYTGEDCSQRRCPNDCHNRGLCVQGKCICEQGFKGFDCSEMSCPNDCHQHGRCVNGMCICDDDYTGEDCRDRRCPRDCSQRGRCVDGQCICEDGFTGPDCAELSCPSDCHGHGRCVNGQCICHEGFTGKDCKEQRCPSDCHGQGRCEDGQCICHEGFTGLDCGQRSCPNDCSNQGQCVSGRCICNEGYTGIDCSEVSPPKDLIVTEVTEETVNLAWDNEMRVTEYLIMYTPTHADGLEMQFRVPGDQTSTTIRELEPGVEYFIRVFAILENKRSIPVSARVATYLPAPEGLKFKSIKETSVEVEWDPLDIAFETWEIIFRNMNKEDEGEITKSLRRPETSYRQTGLAPGQEYEISLHIVKNNTRGPGLKKVTTTRLDAPSHIEVKDVTDTTALITWFKPLAEIDSIELSYGIKDVPGDRTTIDLTHEDNQYSIGNLRPDTEYEVSLISRRVDMASNPAKETFITGLDAPRNLRRVSQTDNSITLEWRNVKADIDSYRIKYAPISGGDHAEIDVPKSQQATTKTTLTGLRPGTEYGIGVSAVKGDKESDPATINAATEIDAPKDLRVSETTQDS2110Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)NaturalTN-C clearly plays a role in cell signaling as evidenced by its ability to be induced during events such as trauma, inflammation, or cancer development.Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocyteCell Surface (Exogenous)O00206.fastaO00206839TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune systemNA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1650Tri-DAP

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Gram-positive and negative bacteriaCC(C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)NC(CCCC(C(=O)O)N)C(=O)O)C(=O)O)NNAPeptideNaturalactivate NF-κBNucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 1 (Nod1)NOD-like receptor (NLR)Micemacrophages and mesothelial cellsserine/threonine RIP2 (RICK, CARDIAK) kinaseQ8BHB0.fastaQ8BHB0953interacts with IKK to trigger the activation of NF-kB and the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-a and IL-6ELISA247665502014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1650Tri-DAP

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Gram-positive and negative bacteriaCC(C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)NC(CCCC(C(=O)O)N)C(=O)O)C(=O)O)NNAPeptideNaturalactivate NF-κBNucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 1 (Nod1)NOD-like receptor (NLR)Micemacrophages and mesothelial cellsserine/threonine RIP2 (RICK, CARDIAK) kinaseQ8BHB0.fastaQ8BHB0953interacts with IKK to trigger the activation of NF-kB and the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-a and IL-6ELISA247665502014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1652Triacetylated lipoproteins

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BacteriaCC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CCC6C5(CCC(C6)O)C)C)C)NC1NALipoproteinNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, DCs, B-lymphocytesextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsNANANAsignificant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA247543202014NA
PRRID_1652Triacetylated lipoproteins

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BacteriaCC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CCC6C5(CCC(C6)O)C)C)C)NC1NALipoproteinNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, DCs, B-lymphocytesextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsNANANAsignificant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA247543202014NA
PRRID_1655Triacylated lipopeptides

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BacteriaNANALipopeptidesNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, DCs and B-lymphocytesCell Surface (Exogenous)NANANATLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.NA248300242014NA
PRRID_1655Triacylated lipopeptides

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BacteriaNANALipopeptidesNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor (TLR1/Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, DCs and B-lymphocytesCell Surface (Exogenous)NANANATLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.NA248300242014NA
PRRID_1662Unmethylated CpG DNA

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BacteriaNANANucleic AcidSyntheticact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytesCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)Q9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032induces pro-inflammatory cytokine responseNA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1662Unmethylated CpG DNA

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BacteriaNANANucleic AcidSyntheticact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytesCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)Q9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032induces pro-inflammatory cytokine responseNA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1663Unmethylated CpG DNA

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Apoptotic cell(Bacteria)NANANucleic AcidSyntheticact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytesCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)Q9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunityELISPOT assay, Proliferation assay248284352014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1663Unmethylated CpG DNA

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Apoptotic cell(Bacteria)NANANucleic AcidSyntheticact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytesCell Compartment/Intracellular (Endosome)Q9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032TLR9 plays a crucial role in breaking tolerance and developing autoimmunityELISPOT assay, Proliferation assay248284352014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1665Unmethylated CpG DNA

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BacteriaNANANucleic AcidSyntheticact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) within endosomal compartmentsintracellular receptorsP58681.fastaP586811050important role in the immune response to viral infectionflow cytometry analysis, Immunofluorescence, Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA248142382014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1665Unmethylated CpG DNA

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BacteriaNANANucleic AcidSyntheticact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) within endosomal compartmentsintracellular receptorsP58681.fastaP586811050important role in the immune response to viral infectionflow cytometry analysis, Immunofluorescence, Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA248142382014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1666Unmethylated CpG DNA

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BacteriaNANANucleic AcidSyntheticact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) within endosomal compartmentsintracellular receptorsQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032important role in the immune response to viral infectionflow cytometry analysis, Immunofluorescence, Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA248142382014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1666Unmethylated CpG DNA

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BacteriaNANANucleic AcidSyntheticact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) within endosomal compartmentsintracellular receptorsQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032important role in the immune response to viral infectionflow cytometry analysis, Immunofluorescence, Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA248142382014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1667Unmethylated CpG DNA

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BacteriaNANANucleic AcidSyntheticact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytescell compartmentQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032Possible effect in case of stroke i.e it is Involved in preconditioning and No protection after gene knockout following cerebral ischemiaNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1667Unmethylated CpG DNA

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BacteriaNANANucleic AcidSyntheticact as immuno stimulantsToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs and B-lymphocytescell compartmentQ9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032Possible effect in case of stroke i.e it is Involved in preconditioning and No protection after gene knockout following cerebral ischemiaNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1669Unmethylated CpG DNA

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BacteriaNANANucleic AcidNaturalact as adjuvants in vaccination strategiesToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)C57BL/6 MicepDCs, macrophagesCell Compartment/Intracellular (phagosomal compartment)Q9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032induces pro-inflammatory cytokine responseNA248016282014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1669Unmethylated CpG DNA

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BacteriaNANANucleic AcidNaturalact as adjuvants in vaccination strategiesToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)Toll-like receptor (TLR)C57BL/6 MicepDCs, macrophagesCell Compartment/Intracellular (phagosomal compartment)Q9NR96.fastaQ9NR961032induces pro-inflammatory cytokine responseNA248016282014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1671Uric acid

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Host (Endogenous) (others)C12=C(NC(=O)N1)NC(=O)NC2=ONADamage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)NaturalUric acid is a product of the metabolic breakdown of purine nucleotides, and it is a normal component of urineToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceKeratinocytes and mouse skincell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835play a role in UVB induced immune suppressionNA247862232014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1671Uric acid

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Host (Endogenous) (others)C12=C(NC(=O)N1)NC(=O)NC2=ONADamage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)NaturalUric acid is a product of the metabolic breakdown of purine nucleotides, and it is a normal component of urineToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceKeratinocytes and mouse skincell surfaceQ9QUK6.fastaQ9QUK6835play a role in UVB induced immune suppressionNA247862232014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1673Uropathogenic E. coli

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BacteriaNANAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Naturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 10 (TLR10)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagesCell Surface (Exogenous)Q6R5P0.fastaQ6R5P0926TLR11 plays a fundamental role in both the innate and adaptive immune responses, through the activation of Tumor necrosis factor-alpha,the Interleukin 12 (IL-12) response and Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion.NA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1673Uropathogenic E. coli

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BacteriaNANAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Naturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 10 (TLR10)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagesCell Surface (Exogenous)Q6R5P0.fastaQ6R5P0926TLR11 plays a fundamental role in both the innate and adaptive immune responses, through the activation of Tumor necrosis factor-alpha,the Interleukin 12 (IL-12) response and Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion.NA248300242014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1674VTX-2337

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mimics viral single-stranded ribonucleic acid (ssRNA) (virus)CCCN(CCC)C(=O)C1=CC2=C(C=C(C=C2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)C(=O)N4CCCC4)N=C(C1)NNAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Naturalstimulates TLR8Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)TLR8 is expressed on mDCs, monocytes, and NK cells in humanscell compartmentP58682.fastaP586821032TLR8 is expected to stimulate the release of distinct inflammatory mediators, including Th1- polarizing cytokines, chemokines, and other acute phase proteinsNA248078892014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1674VTX-2337

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mimics viral single-stranded ribonucleic acid (ssRNA) (virus)CCCN(CCC)C(=O)C1=CC2=C(C=C(C=C2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)C(=O)N4CCCC4)N=C(C1)NNAPattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)Naturalstimulates TLR8Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)TLR8 is expressed on mDCs, monocytes, and NK cells in humanscell compartmentP58682.fastaP586821032TLR8 is expected to stimulate the release of distinct inflammatory mediators, including Th1- polarizing cytokines, chemokines, and other acute phase proteinsNA248078892014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1677Zymosan

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S. cerevisiae (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)O)O)ONAGlucanNaturalactivates macrophages via TLR2.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsCell Surface (Exogenous)NANANATLR2 cooperates with TLR6 and CD14 in response to zymosanNA248300242014NA
PRRID_1677Zymosan

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S. cerevisiae (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)O)O)ONAGlucanNaturalactivates macrophages via TLR2.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsCell Surface (Exogenous)NANANATLR2 cooperates with TLR6 and CD14 in response to zymosanNA248300242014NA
PRRID_1679Zymosan

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FungiC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)O)O)ONAGlucanNaturalinduction of proinflammatory cytokinesToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellscell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784Possible effect in case of stroke i.e Up-regulation of TLR2 mRNA correlates with severity of ischemiaNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1679Zymosan

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FungiC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)O)O)ONAGlucanNaturalinduction of proinflammatory cytokinesToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellscell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784Possible effect in case of stroke i.e Up-regulation of TLR2 mRNA correlates with severity of ischemiaNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1681Zymosan

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FungiC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)O)O)ONAGlucanNaturalinduction of proinflammatory cytokinesToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micehuman MSCs (hMSCs) and murine MSCs (mMSCs)cell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784TLR2 cooperates with TLR6 and CD14 in response to zymosanNA247803952014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1681Zymosan

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FungiC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)O)O)ONAGlucanNaturalinduction of proinflammatory cytokinesToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micehuman MSCs (hMSCs) and murine MSCs (mMSCs)cell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784TLR2 cooperates with TLR6 and CD14 in response to zymosanNA247803952014Pubchem_assay