Browse result page of PRRDB 2.0

PRRID	Name of Ligand	Source of ligand	Sequence of Ligand	Length of Ligand	Type of Ligand	Occurence	Role of Ligand	Name of Receptor	Type of Reeptor	Source of the Receptor	Localization	Domain	Sequence of Receptor	Swiss prot ID	Length of receptor	Function of Receptor	Assay used	PMID	Year of publication	Pubchem assay
PRRID_0333	Plant polysaccharide (EP) Click for more detail	Echinacea purpurea(plant)	NA	NA	Carbohydrate	Natural	It leads to the activation of NF-Œ∫B and stimulates the production of IL-6, TNF, IL-12 and NO.	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice (Murine)	Peritoneal macrophages	NA	Q9QUK6.fasta	Q9QUK6	835	Echinacea polysaccharides have immunomodulatory activity.	ELISA	18618312	2008	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0333	Plant polysaccharide (EP) Click for more detail	Echinacea purpurea(plant)	NA	NA	Carbohydrate	Natural	It leads to the activation of NF-Œ∫B and stimulates the production of IL-6, TNF, IL-12 and NO.	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice (Murine)	Peritoneal macrophages	NA	Q9QUK6.fasta	Q9QUK6	835	Echinacea polysaccharides have immunomodulatory activity.	ELISA	18618312	2008	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0414	AtPep1 Click for more detail	Arabidopsis thaliana(plant)	ATKVKAKQRGKEKVSSGRPGQHN	23	Peptide	Natural	It triggers a receptor-dependent transient depolarization through activation of plasma membrane anion channels.	PEPR1	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Arabidopsis	Plasma membrane	LRR	NA	NA	NA	It caused seedling growth inhibition of arabidopsis thaliana	Growth inhibition assay	20200150	2010	NA
PRRID_0414	AtPep1 Click for more detail	Arabidopsis thaliana(plant)	ATKVKAKQRGKEKVSSGRPGQHN	23	Peptide	Natural	It triggers a receptor-dependent transient depolarization through activation of plasma membrane anion channels.	PEPR1	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Arabidopsis	Plasma membrane	LRR	NA	NA	NA	It caused seedling growth inhibition of arabidopsis thaliana	Growth inhibition assay	20200150	2010	NA
PRRID_0420	Ax21 Click for more detail	Xanthomonas oryzae oryzae (plant)	MLALGLLAALPFAASAAENLSYNFVEGDYVRTPTDGRDADGWGVKASYAVAPNFHVFGEYSKQNADDNNNLFENTNFDFQQWGVGVGFNHEIATSTDFVARVAYRRLDLDSPNINFDGYSVEAGLRNAFGEHFEVYALAGYEDYSKKRGIDAGNDFYGRLGAQVKLNQNWGINGDIRMDGDGNKEWSVGPRFSW	194	Protein	Natural	It triggered the PAMP mediated immunity	XA21	Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)	Rice	NA	NA	Q1MX30.fasta	Q1MX30	1025	It provides the immunity to the plant against the pathogen by recognizing the PAMP	NA	20713980	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0420	Ax21 Click for more detail	Xanthomonas oryzae oryzae (plant)	MLALGLLAALPFAASAAENLSYNFVEGDYVRTPTDGRDADGWGVKASYAVAPNFHVFGEYSKQNADDNNNLFENTNFDFQQWGVGVGFNHEIATSTDFVARVAYRRLDLDSPNINFDGYSVEAGLRNAFGEHFEVYALAGYEDYSKKRGIDAGNDFYGRLGAQVKLNQNWGINGDIRMDGDGNKEWSVGPRFSW	194	Protein	Natural	It triggered the PAMP mediated immunity	XA21	Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)	Rice	NA	NA	Q1MX30.fasta	Q1MX30	1025	It provides the immunity to the plant against the pathogen by recognizing the PAMP	NA	20713980	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0599	Korean mistletoe lectin (KML-C) Click for more detail	Korean mistletoe (Viscum album coloratum) (plant)	NA	NA	Lectin	Natural	Binding leads to the upregulation of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-1 (IRAK1), resulting in macrophage activation and TNF-a production.	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice	Macropahges	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9QUK6.fasta	Q9QUK6	835	KML-C has strong immunomodulatory effects, such as immune cell activation and cytokine induction, which results in antitumor activities or protection from microbial infections.	ELISA	20450885	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0599	Korean mistletoe lectin (KML-C) Click for more detail	Korean mistletoe (Viscum album coloratum) (plant)	NA	NA	Lectin	Natural	Binding leads to the upregulation of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-1 (IRAK1), resulting in macrophage activation and TNF-a production.	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice	Macropahges	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q9QUK6.fasta	Q9QUK6	835	KML-C has strong immunomodulatory effects, such as immune cell activation and cytokine induction, which results in antitumor activities or protection from microbial infections.	ELISA	20450885	2010	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0939	Paclitaxel Click for more detail	Pacific yew (plant)	C1=C2C(C(=O)C3(C(CC4C(C3C(C(C2(C)C)(CC1OC(=O)C(C(C5=CC=CC=C5)NC(=O)C6=CC=CC=C6)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7)(CO4)OC(=O)C)O)C)OC(=O)C	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	used to treat a number of types of¬†cancer	Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)	NOD-like receptor (NLR)	Human	Myeloid cells, microglia, astrocytes, neurons	NA	Q9HC29.fasta	Q9HC29	1040	TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway¬†NF-Œ∫B and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune system	NA	21982558	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0939	Paclitaxel Click for more detail	Pacific yew (plant)	C1=C2C(C(=O)C3(C(CC4C(C3C(C(C2(C)C)(CC1OC(=O)C(C(C5=CC=CC=C5)NC(=O)C6=CC=CC=C6)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7)(CO4)OC(=O)C)O)C)OC(=O)C	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	used to treat a number of types of¬†cancer	Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)	NOD-like receptor (NLR)	Human	Myeloid cells, microglia, astrocytes, neurons	NA	Q9HC29.fasta	Q9HC29	1040	TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway¬†NF-Œ∫B and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune system	NA	21982558	2011	Pubchem Assay
PRRID_1519	Paclitaxel Click for more detail	Pacific yew (plant)	C1=C2C(C(=O)C3(C(CC4C(C3C(C(C2(C)C)(CC1OC(=O)C(C(C5=CC=CC=C5)NC(=O)C6=CC=CC=C6)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7)(CO4)OC(=O)C)O)C)OC(=O)C	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	used to treat a number of types of cancer	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocyte	signaling occurs through an adapter protein Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-b (TRIF)	Q9QUK6.fasta	Q9QUK6	835	plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity	NA	24754320	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1519	Paclitaxel Click for more detail	Pacific yew (plant)	C1=C2C(C(=O)C3(C(CC4C(C3C(C(C2(C)C)(CC1OC(=O)C(C(C5=CC=CC=C5)NC(=O)C6=CC=CC=C6)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7)(CO4)OC(=O)C)O)C)OC(=O)C	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	used to treat a number of types of cancer	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocyte	signaling occurs through an adapter protein Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-b (TRIF)	Q9QUK6.fasta	Q9QUK6	835	plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity	NA	24754320	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1520	Paclitaxel Click for more detail	Pacific yew (plant)	C1=C2C(C(=O)C3(C(CC4C(C3C(C(C2(C)C)(CC1OC(=O)C(C(C5=CC=CC=C5)NC(=O)C6=CC=CC=C6)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7)(CO4)OC(=O)C)O)C)OC(=O)C	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	used to treat a number of types of cancer	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocyte	signaling occurs through an adapter protein Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-b (TRIF)	O00206.fasta	O00206	839	plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity	NA	24754320	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1520	Paclitaxel Click for more detail	Pacific yew (plant)	C1=C2C(C(=O)C3(C(CC4C(C3C(C(C2(C)C)(CC1OC(=O)C(C(C5=CC=CC=C5)NC(=O)C6=CC=CC=C6)O)O)OC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7)(CO4)OC(=O)C)O)C)OC(=O)C	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Synthetic	used to treat a number of types of cancer	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Human	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocyte	signaling occurs through an adapter protein Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-b (TRIF)	O00206.fasta	O00206	839	plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity	NA	24754320	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1604	Resveratrol (Res, 3,4‚Äô,5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) Click for more detail	grapes and other plants (plant)	C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2)O)O)O	NA	polyphenol	Natural	anti-inflammatory agent and influence macrophage activation	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Endotoxemic Mice	monocyte/macrophages	cell surface	Q9QUK6.fasta	Q9QUK6	835	TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-Œ∫B and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune system	qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence assay, western blot	24802390	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1604	Resveratrol (Res, 3,4‚Äô,5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) Click for more detail	grapes and other plants (plant)	C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2)O)O)O	NA	polyphenol	Natural	anti-inflammatory agent and influence macrophage activation	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Endotoxemic Mice	monocyte/macrophages	cell surface	Q9QUK6.fasta	Q9QUK6	835	TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-Œ∫B and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune system	qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence assay, western blot	24802390	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1605	Resveratrol (Res, 3,4‚Äô,5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) Click for more detail	grapes and red wine (plant)	C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2)O)O)O	NA	polyphenol	Natural	inhibition of tumor initiation, anti‚Äêinflammatory, lipid modification, anti‚Äêoxidative, neuro- protective and anti-aging effects	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) ( myd88, NF-Œ∫B)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocyte	cell surface	Q9QUK6.fasta	Q9QUK6	835	TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-Œ∫B and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune system	ELISA	24818579	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1605	Resveratrol (Res, 3,4‚Äô,5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) Click for more detail	grapes and red wine (plant)	C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC2=CC(=CC(=C2)O)O)O	NA	polyphenol	Natural	inhibition of tumor initiation, anti‚Äêinflammatory, lipid modification, anti‚Äêoxidative, neuro- protective and anti-aging effects	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) ( myd88, NF-Œ∫B)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice	monocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cells, B-lymphocyte	cell surface	Q9QUK6.fasta	Q9QUK6	835	TLR 4 leads to an intracellular signaling pathway NF-Œ∫B and inflammatory cytokine production which is responsible for activating the innate immune system	ELISA	24818579	2014	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1990	Cyclopropane‚Äìfatty acid a-glucosyl diglyceride Click for more detail	Lactobacillus plantarum (Bacteria)	NA	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Natural	Immunostimulant	Mincle(Clec4e)	Syk-coupled CLR	Mice	NA	NA	Q9R0Q8.fasta	Q9R0Q8	214	Protective role in infection model	NA	28167651	2017	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1990	Cyclopropane‚Äìfatty acid a-glucosyl diglyceride Click for more detail	Lactobacillus plantarum (Bacteria)	NA	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Natural	Immunostimulant	Mincle(Clec4e)	Syk-coupled CLR	Mice	NA	NA	Q9R0Q8.fasta	Q9R0Q8	214	Protective role in infection model	NA	28167651	2017	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_2579	Quil-A Click for more detail	Quillaja sponaria tree (plant)	NA	NA	steroidal or triterpenoid aglycones	Natural	Agonist recognition triggers receptor oligomerization and recruitment of signaling molecules that drive NF-Œ∫B-mediated expression of inflammatory cytokines	Nod-like receptor P3 (NLRP3)	NOD-like receptor (NLR)	Human	Intracellular	C-terminal leucine-rich regions and NOD domains	Q96P20.fasta	Q96P20	1036	triggering production of Œ≤-defensins via an NF-Œ∫B signaling pathway	NA	28776416	2017	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_2579	Quil-A Click for more detail	Quillaja sponaria tree (plant)	NA	NA	steroidal or triterpenoid aglycones	Natural	Agonist recognition triggers receptor oligomerization and recruitment of signaling molecules that drive NF-Œ∫B-mediated expression of inflammatory cytokines	Nod-like receptor P3 (NLRP3)	NOD-like receptor (NLR)	Human	Intracellular	C-terminal leucine-rich regions and NOD domains	Q96P20.fasta	Q96P20	1036	triggering production of Œ≤-defensins via an NF-Œ∫B signaling pathway	NA	28776416	2017	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_2583	rb-dsRNA Click for more detail	Rice- bran (plant)	NA	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Natural	activate caspase 1 via TRIF, resulting in the release of IL-1b and LDH	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q99MB1.fasta	Q99MB1	905	Caspase 1 activation is specifically induced by TLR3 signaling through TRIF/RIPK/ FADD, resulting in activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome	RT-qPCR	28848065	2017	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_2583	rb-dsRNA Click for more detail	Rice- bran (plant)	NA	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Natural	activate caspase 1 via TRIF, resulting in the release of IL-1b and LDH	Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)	Toll-like receptor (TLR)	Mice	NA	Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) Domain	Q99MB1.fasta	Q99MB1	905	Caspase 1 activation is specifically induced by TLR3 signaling through TRIF/RIPK/ FADD, resulting in activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome	RT-qPCR	28848065	2017	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_2584	rb-dsRNA Click for more detail	Rice- bran (plant)	NA	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Natural	activate caspase 1 via TRIF, resulting in the release of IL-1b and LDH	MDA5	Rig-like receptor (RLR)	Mice	NA	NA	Q8R5F7.fasta	Q8R5F7	1025	Caspase 1 activation is specifically induced by TLR3 signaling through TRIF/RIPK/ FADD.	RT-qPCR	28848065	2017	Pubchem_assay
PRRID_2584	rb-dsRNA Click for more detail	Rice- bran (plant)	NA	NA	Pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)	Natural	activate caspase 1 via TRIF, resulting in the release of IL-1b and LDH	MDA5	Rig-like receptor (RLR)	Mice	NA	NA	Q8R5F7.fasta	Q8R5F7	1025	Caspase 1 activation is specifically induced by TLR3 signaling through TRIF/RIPK/ FADD.	RT-qPCR	28848065	2017	Pubchem_assay