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SAL_24883 details
Primary information
SALIDSAL_24883
Biomarker namehsa-miR-582-3p
Biomarker TypeDiagnostic
Sampling Method538 individuals, ages 5-66 years with a clinical diagnosis of mTBI and compared to a control group of 287 individuals with absence of mTBI in the previous 12 weeks and clinical resolution of any previous mTB.
Collection MethodSaliva was collected from all participants in a nonfasting state, following a tap water rinse.
Analysis MethodqPCR
Collection SiteSaliva
Disease CategoryNeurological Disorder
Disease/ConditionMild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)
Disease SubtypeNA
Fold Change/ Concentration0.67
Up/DownregulatedUpregulated
ExosomalNA
OrganismHomo sapiens
PMID33135344
Year of Publication2020
Biomarker IDhsa-miR-582-3p
Biomarker CategorymiRNA
SequenceUAACUGGUUGAACAACUGAACC
Title of studyDiagnosing mild traumatic brain injury using saliva RNA compared to cognitive and balance testing
Abstract of studyBACKGROUND: Early, accurate diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can improve clinical outcomes for patients, but mTBI remains difficult to diagnose because of reliance on subjective symptom reports. An objective biomarker could increase diagnostic accuracy and improve clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of salivary noncoding RNA (ncRNA) to serve as a diagnostic adjunct to current clinical tools. We hypothesized that saliva ncRNA levels would demonstrate comparable accuracy for identifying mTBI as measures of symptom burden, neurocognition, and balance.METHODS: This case-control study involved 538 individuals. Participants included 251 individuals with mTBI, enrolled ≤14 days postinjury, from 11 clinical sites. Saliva samples (n = 679) were collected at five time points (≤3, 4-7, 8-14, 15-30, and 31-60 days post-mTBI). Levels of ncRNAs (microRNAs, small nucleolar RNAs, and piwi-interacting RNAs) were quantified within each sample using RNA sequencing. The first sample from each mTBI participant was compared to saliva samples from 287 controls. Samples were divided into testing (n = 430; mTBI = 201 and control = 239) and training sets (n = 108; mTBI = 50 and control = 58). The test set was used to identify ncRNA diagnostic candidates and create a diagnostic model. Model accuracy was assessed in the naïve test set.RESULTS: A model utilizing seven ncRNA ratios, along with participant age and chronic headache status, differentiated mTBI and control participants with a cross-validated area under the curve (AUC) of .857 in the training set (95% CI, .816-.903) and .823 in the naïve test set. In a subset of participants (n = 321; mTBI = 176 and control = 145) assessed for symptom burden (Post-Concussion Symptom Scale), as well as neurocognition and balance (ClearEdge System), these clinical measures yielded cross-validated AUC of .835 (95% CI, .782-.880) and .853 (95% CI, .803-.899), respectively. A model employing symptom burden and four neurocognitive measures identified mTBI participants with similar AUC (.888; CI, .845-.925) as symptom burden and four ncRNAs (.932; 95% CI, .890-.965).CONCLUSION: Salivary ncRNA levels represent a noninvasive, biologic measure that can aid objective, accurate diagnosis of mTBI.