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SAL_20965 details
Primary information
SALIDSAL_20965
Biomarker nameActinoplanes capillaceus
Biomarker TypeNA
Sampling Method5 edentulous infants (mean age = 4.6+-1.2 mo old) and their mothers or primary care givers (mean age = 30.8+-9.5 y old)
Collection MethodSaliva was collected from infants by research staff. Adults were asked to expectorate into sterile cryogenic vials with the average of 8 h of no food consumption for adults and 45 min for infants
Analysis MethodPyrosequencing
Collection SiteWhole Saliva
Disease CategoryHealthy
Disease/ConditionHealthy
Disease SubtypeNA
Fold Change/ ConcentrationNA
Up/DownregulatedNA
ExosomalNA
OrganismHomo sapiens
PMID21853142
Year of Publication2011
Biomarker ID76756
Biomarker CategoryMicrobe
SequenceNZ_BOMF00000000.1
Title of studyComparative analysis of salivary bacterial microbiome diversity in edentulous infants and their mothers or primary care givers using pyrosequencing
Abstract of studyBacterial contribution to oral disease has been studied in young children, but there is a lack of data addressing the developmental perspective in edentulous infants. Our primary objectives were to use pyrosequencing to phylogenetically characterize the salivary bacterial microbiome of edentulous infants and to make comparisons against their mothers. Saliva samples were collected from 5 edentulous infants (mean age = 4.6±1.2 mo old) and their mothers or primary care givers (mean age = 30.8±9.5 y old). Salivary DNA was extracted, used to generate DNA amplicons of the V4-V6 hypervariable region of the bacterial 16S rDNA gene, and subjected to 454-pyrosequencing. On average, over 80,000 sequences per sample were generated. High bacterial diversity was noted in the saliva of adults [1012 operational taxonomical units (OTU) at 3% divergence] and infants (578 OTU at 3% divergence). Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria were predominant bacterial phyla present in all samples. A total of 397 bacterial genera were present in our dataset. Of the 28 genera different (P<0.05) between infants and adults, 27 had a greater prevalence in adults. The exception was Streptococcus, which was the predominant genera in infant saliva (62.2% in infants vs. 20.4% in adults; P<0.05). Veillonella, Neisseria, Rothia, Haemophilus, Gemella, Granulicatella, Leptotrichia, and Fusobacterium were also predominant genera in infant samples, while Haemophilus, Neisseria, Veillonella, Fusobacterium, Oribacterium, Rothia, Treponema, and Actinomyces were predominant in adults. Our data demonstrate that although the adult saliva bacterial microbiome had a greater OTU count than infants, a rich bacterial community exists in the infant oral cavity prior to tooth eruption. Streptococcus, Veillonella, and Neisseria are the predominant bacterial genera present in infants. Further research is required to characterize the development of oral microbiota early in life and identify environmental factors that impact colonization and oral and gastrointestinal disease risk.