| Primary information |
|---|
| SALID | SAL_16197 |
| Biomarker name | Malonic acid |
| Biomarker Type | Diagnostic |
| Sampling Method | Salivary samples from 12 female pSS patients (mean age 44.2 +- 13.01) and 21 age-matched female Human Controls |
| Collection Method | Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected by having the participants spit for 15 min into a container at about 10 a.m. |
| Analysis Method | GC-MS |
| Collection Site | Whole Saliva |
| Disease Category | Immune System Disorder |
| Disease/Condition | Primary Sjogren's Syndrome |
| Disease Subtype | NA |
| Fold Change/ Concentration | 0.24 |
| Up/Downregulated | Decrease |
| Exosomal | NA |
| Organism | Homo sapiens |
| PMID | 26201380 |
| Year of Publication | 2015 |
| Biomarker ID | 867 |
| Biomarker Category | Metabolite |
| Sequence | C(C(=O)O)C(=O)O |
| Title of study | Metabolomics analysis of saliva from patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome |
| Abstract of study | The recent development of salivary proteomics has led to the identification of potential biomarkers for diagnosing patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Here we sought to identify differentially produced salivary metabolites from pSS patients and healthy controls (HCs) that might be used to characterize this disease. We obtained salivary samples from 12 female pSS patients (mean age 44.2 ± 13.01) and 21 age-matched female HCs. The metabolite profiles of saliva were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total metabolite levels in each of the samples were calculated and compared across the study participants. A total of 88 metabolites were detected across the study samples, 41 of which were observed at reduced levels in the samples from pSS patients. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a loss in salivary metabolite diversity in the pSS patient samples compared to the HC samples. The reduced presence of glycine, tyrosine, uric acid and fucose, which may reflect salivary gland destruction due to chronic sialoadenitis, contributed to the loss of diversity. Comparative PCA of the pSS patients revealed the presence of two subpopulations based on their metabolite profiles, and these two subpopulations showed a significant difference in the prevalence of major salivary glanditis (P = 0.014). In this study, we found that the salivary metabolite profile of pSS patients was less diverse than that of HCs and that the metabolite profiles in pSS patients were affected by the presence of major salivary glanditis. |