| Primary information |
|---|
| SALID | SAL_15917 |
| Biomarker name | RAS guanyl-releasing protein 4 |
| Biomarker Type | NA |
| Sampling Method | ASD age group: 11,7. TD group: 9,5, Inclusion criteria - DSM-IV-TR |
| Collection Method | Collected via passive drool into a strawand collection cup |
| Analysis Method | Sample Preparation (ASD and Control pooled sample, HPLC), MS and Protein Identification (nanoLC-MS/MS coupled to a QTOF Micro MS), Criteria for Protein Identification (caffold (proteome Software Inc), Quantitative Analysis of Dysregulated Proteins |
| Collection Site | Whole Saliva |
| Disease Category | Developmental Disorder |
| Disease/Condition | Autism Spectrum Disorder |
| Disease Subtype | NA |
| Fold Change/ Concentration | NA |
| Up/Downregulated | NA |
| Exosomal | NA |
| Organism | Homo sapiens |
| PMID | 25626423 |
| Year of Publication | 2015 |
| Biomarker ID | Q8TDF6 |
| Biomarker Category | Protein |
| Sequence | MNRKDSKRKSHQECTGKIGGRGRPRQVRRHKTCPSPREISKVMASMNLGLLSEGGCSEDELLEKCIQSFDSAGSLCHEDHMLNMVLAMHSWVLPSADLAARLLTSYQKATGDTQELRRLQICHLVRYWLMRHPEVMHQDPQLEEVIGRFWATVAREGNSAQRRLGDSSDLLSPGGPGPPLPMSSPGLGKKRKVSLLFDHLETGELAQHLTYLEFRSFQAITPQDLRSYVLQGSVRGCPALEGSVGLSNSVSRWVQVMVLSRPGPLQRAQVLDKFIHVAQRLHQLQNFNTLMAVTGGLCHSAISRLKDSHAHLSPDSTKALLELTELLASHNNYARYRRTWAGCAGFRLPVLGVHLKDLVSLHEAQPDRLPDGRLHLPKLNNLYLRLQELVALQGQHPPCSANEDLLHLLTLSLDLFYTEDEIYELSYAREPRCPKSLPPSPFNAPLVVEWAPGVTPKPDRVTLGRHVEQLVESVFKNYDPEGRGTISQEDFERLSGNFPFACHGLHPPPRQGRGSFSREELTGYLLRASAICSKLGLAFLHTFHEVTFRKPTFCDSCSGFLWGVTKQGYRCRECGLCCHKHCRDQVKVECKKRPGAKGDAGPPGAPVPSTPAPHASCGSEENHSYTLSLEPETGCQLRHAWTQTESPHPSWETDTVPCPVMDPPSTASSKLDS |
| Title of study | A Pilot Proteomic Analysis of Salivary Biomarkers in Autism Spectrum Disorder |
| Abstract of study | Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence is increasing, with current estimates at 1/68-1/50 individuals diagnosed with an ASD. Diagnosis is based on behavioral assessments. Early diagnosis and intervention is known to greatly improve functional outcomes in people with ASD. Diagnosis, treatment monitoring and prognosis of ASD symptoms could be facilitated with biomarkers to complement behavioral assessments. Mass spectrometry (MS) based proteomics may help reveal biomarkers for ASD. In this pilot study, we have analyzed the salivary proteome in individuals with ASD compared to neurotypical control subjects, using MS-based proteomics. Our goal is to optimize methods for salivary proteomic biomarker discovery and to identify initial putative biomarkers in people with ASDs. The salivary proteome is virtually unstudied in ASD, and saliva could provide an easily accessible biomaterial for analysis. Using nano liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we found statistically significant differences in several salivary proteins, including elevated prolactin-inducible protein, lactotransferrin, Ig kappa chain C region, Ig gamma-1 chain C region, Ig lambda-2 chain C regions, neutrophil elastase, polymeric immunoglobulin receptor and deleted in malignant brain tumors 1. Our results indicate that this is an effective method for identification of salivary protein biomarkers, support the concept that immune system and gastrointestinal disturbances may be present in individuals with ASDs and point toward the need for larger studies in behaviorally-characterized individuals. |