| Primary information |
|---|
| SALID | SAL_15208 |
| Biomarker name | Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) (EC 3.4.24.35) (92 kDa gelatinase) (92 kDa type IV collagenase) (Gelatinase B) (GELB) [Cleaved into: 67 kDa matrix metalloproteinase-9; 82 kDa matrix metalloproteina |
| Biomarker Type | NA |
| Sampling Method | NA |
| Collection Method | Unstimulated whole saliva was collected at each study visit via passive drooling into sterile plastic tubes from all participants (Mandel and Wotman, 1976). |
| Analysis Method | Protein biomarker levels were determined by colorimetric-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), fluorescence-based protein microarrays, and radioimmunoassay (RIA), run according to manufacturer protocols. ELISAs (R&D Systems Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA) were used for measurement of MMP-8 and -9, calprotectin, and osteoprotegerin (OPG). Detection of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-Î+-, and interferon (IFN)-γ |
| Collection Site | Whole Saliva |
| Disease Category | Dental Disorder |
| Disease/Condition | Chronic periodontitis |
| Disease Subtype | NA |
| Fold Change/ Concentration | NA |
| Up/Downregulated | NA |
| Exosomal | NA |
| Organism | Homo sapiens |
| PMID | 21406610 |
| Year of Publication | 2011 |
| Biomarker ID | P14780 |
| Biomarker Category | Protein |
| Sequence | MSLWQPLVLVLLVLGCCFAAPRQRQSTLVLFPGDLRTNLTDRQLAEEYLYRYGYTRVAEMRGESKSLGPALLLLQKQLSLPETGELDSATLKAMRTPRCGVPDLGRFQTFEGDLKWHHHNITYWIQNYSEDLPRAVIDDAFARAFALWSAVTPLTFTRVYSRDADIVIQFGVAEHGDGYPFDGKDGLLAHAFPPGPGIQGDAHFDDDELWSLGKGVVVPTRFGNADGAACHFPFIFEGRSYSACTTDGRSDGLPWCSTTANYDTDDRFGFCPSERLYTQDGNADGKPCQFPFIFQGQSYSACTTDGRSDGYRWCATTANYDRDKLFGFCPTRADSTVMGGNSAGELCVFPFTFLGKEYSTCTSEGRGDGRLWCATTSNFDSDKKWGFCPDQGYSLFLVAAHEFGHALGLDHSSVPEALMYPMYRFTEGPPLHKDDVNGIRHLYGPRPEPEPRPPTTTTPQPTAPPTVCPTGPPTVHPSERPTAGPTGPPSAGPTGPPTAGPSTATTVPLSPVDDACNVNIFDAIAEIGNQLYLFKDGKYWRFSEGRGSRPQGPFLIADKWPALPRKLDSVFEERLSKKLFFFSGRQVWVYTGASVLGPRRLDKLGLGADVAQVTGALRSGRGKMLLFSGRRLWRFDVKAQMVDPRSASEVDRMFPGVPLDTHDVFQYREKAYFCQDRFYWRVSSRSELNQVDQVGYVTYDILQCPED |
| Title of study | Saliva/pathogen biomarker signatures and periodontal disease progression |
| Abstract of study | The purpose of this study was to determine the role of saliva-derived biomarkers and periodontal pathogens during periodontal disease progression (PDP). One hundred human participants were recruited into a 12-month investigation. They were seen bi-monthly for saliva and clinical measures and bi-annually for subtraction radiography, serum and plaque biofilm assessments. Saliva and serum were analyzed with protein arrays for 14 pro-inflammatory and bone turnover markers, while qPCR was used for detection of biofilm. A hierarchical clustering algorithm was used to group study participants based on clinical, microbiological, salivary/serum biomarkers, and PDP. Eighty-three individuals completed the six-month monitoring phase, with 39 [corrected] exhibiting PDP, while 44 [corrected] demonstrated stability. Participants assembled into three clusters based on periodontal pathogens, serum and salivary biomarkers. Cluster 1 members displayed high salivary biomarkers and biofilm; 71% [corrected] of these individuals were undergoing PDP. Cluster 2 members displayed low biofilm and biomarker levels; 76% [corrected] of these individuals were stable. Cluster 3 members were not discriminated by PDP status; however, cluster stratification followed groups 1 and 2 based on thresholds of salivary biomarkers and biofilm pathogens. The association of cluster membership to PDP was highly significant (p < 0.0007). [corrected] The use of salivary and biofilm biomarkers offers potential for the identification of PDP or stability (ClinicalTrials.gov number, CT00277745). |