| Primary information |
|---|
| SALID | SAL_13040 |
| Biomarker name | Cystatin-S (Cystatin-4) (Cystatin-SA-III) (Salivary acidic protein 1) |
| Biomarker Type | NA |
| Sampling Method | Age 18-29 |
| Collection Method | Collection of unstimulated WS was performed by direct draining into a saliva collection tube. |
| Analysis Method | Two-dimensional electrophoresis, than protein spots were identified by mass spectrometry |
| Collection Site | Whole Saliva |
| Disease Category | Dental Disorder |
| Disease/Condition | Dental Caries |
| Disease Subtype | NA |
| Fold Change/ Concentration | NA |
| Up/Downregulated | NA |
| Exosomal | NA |
| Organism | Homo sapiens |
| PMID | 16630307 |
| Year of Publication | 2006 |
| Biomarker ID | P01036 |
| Biomarker Category | Protein |
| Sequence | MARPLCTLLLLMATLAGALASSSKEENRIIPGGIYDADLNDEWVQRALHFAISEYNKATEDEYYRRPLQVLRAREQTFGGVNYFFDVEVGRTICTKSQPNLDTCAFHEQPELQKKQLCSFEIYEVPWEDRMSLVNSRCQEA |
| Title of study | Two-dimensional electrophoresis study of in vitro pellicle formation and dental caries susceptibility |
| Abstract of study | In the present study, a proteomic approach was applied to evaluate the influence of salivary protein composition on in vitro dental pellicle formation and its possible correlation with dental caries. Whole saliva, collected from caries-free and caries-susceptible subjects, was analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis, and protein spots were identified by mass spectrometry. Data analysis of salivary protein composition showed a statistically significant correlation between the quantity of acidic proline-rich proteins (PRPs), lipocalin, cystatin SN and cystatin S, and samples from the caries-free group of subjects [decayed, missing or filled teeth (DMFT) = 0]. Samples from subjects with a high DMFT index appear to be correlated with high levels of amylase, immunoglobulin A, and lactoferrin. In vitro pellicle-composition experiments showed the same correlations found for whole saliva. As cystatins are known physiological inhibitors of cathepsins, the higher quantities of lipocalin, and cystatins S and SN found in the samples from the caries-free subjects suggest that inhibition of proteolytic events on other salivary proteins may indirectly provide tooth protection. The correlation between higher levels of the phosphorylated acidic PRPs 1/2 with samples from the caries-free group also suggests a protective role for these proteins. |