| ID | 1546 | |
| PMID | 22890441 | |
| Year | 2012 | |
| Sequence | β-Ala-H | |
| Name | L -carnosine | |
| Length | 2 | |
| N-Terminal Modification | Free | |
| C-Terminal Modification | Free | |
| Linear/ Cyclic | Linear | |
| Chirality | L | |
| Chemical Modification | β-Alanine | |
| Origin of Peptide | Synthetic | |
| Nature of Peptide/Cargo | Antioxidant | |
| Mechanism | Synthetic | |
| Cargo Sequence/Structure | None | |
| Name of cargo | Not applicable | |
| Assay | Franz diffusion cell, HPLC | |
| Enhancer | 3.0% cetaryl octaonate, 2.0% stearic acid, 0.25% acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, 3.0% liquid paraffin, 4.0% octyldodecanol, 0.5% dimeticone, 0.5% sodium hydroxide fpr pH adjustmnet (pH 7,0) and purified water up to 100.0%. for the penetration experiments, HDG was partially modified by adding 5% PG (HDG-PG) to replace 5% of the purified water. | |
| Properties of enhancer | Not mentioned | |
| Concentration | 20mg of formulation | |
| Incubation time | 30 minutes | |
| Tissue permeability (value with units) | ~0.5% of applied dose | |
| Tissue Sample | Stratum corneum of human breast skin | |
| Ex vivo/In vivo/In vitro | ex vivo | |
| STRUCTURE |
| |
| SMILES | NC[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1nc[nH]c1)C=O | |