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| Primary information |
|---|
| ID | 10793 |
| Therapeutic ID | Th1184 |
| Protein Name | Human calcitonin |
| Sequence | >Th1184_Human_calcitonin
CGNLSTCMLGTYTQDFNKFHTFPQTAIGVGAP
|
| Molecular Weight | 3417.9 |
| Chemical Formula | C151H226N40O45S3 |
| Isoelectric Point | NA |
| Hydrophobicity | NA |
| Melting point | NA |
| Half-life | 10.2-37.8 min |
| Description | Calcitonin is a 32-amino acid linear polypeptide hormone that is produced in humans primarily by the parafollicular cells (also known as C-cells) of the thyroid, and in many other animals in the ultimobranchial body. It acts to reduce blood calcium (Ca2+), opposing the effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH). It has been found in fish, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Its importance in humans has not been as well established as its importance in other animals, as its function is usually not significant in the regulation of normal calcium homeostasis. Calcitonin was extracted from the Ultimobranchial glands (thyroid-like glands) of fish, particularly salmon. Salmon calcitonin resembles human calcitonin, but is more active. At present, it is produced either by recombinant DNA technology or by chemical peptide synthesis. The pharmacological properties of the synthetic and recombinant peptides have been demonstrated to be qualitatively and quantitatively equivalent. |
| Indication/Disease | NA |
| Pharmacodynamics | NA |
| Mechanism of Action | NA |
| Toxicity | NA |
| Metabolism | The kidneys account for two-thirds of the metabolism of calcitonin and generate low molecular weight forms. At a subcellular level, it has been observed the metabolic activity of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, alanyl aminopeptidase, and phosphoglucomutase.[A32112] |
| Absorption | The human calcitonin tends to aggregate irreversibly forming amyloid fibrils. This property compromises the bioavailability and therapeutic activity of exogenous human calcitonin.[A32107] When human calcitonin reaches the intestine, by intracolonic administration, it is absorbed within minutes and it is distributed intact in plasma. The level of absorption is low and the bioavailability can range from 0.01-2.7%.[A32109] |
| NA |
| Clearance | The metabolic secretion rate is in the range of 6-9 ml/min.kg while the secretion rate is 59 ng/dl.kg for men and 22 ng/dl.kg for women.[A32111] The total renal clearance of human calcitonin is 1.96 ml/min. The renal clearance exceeds the glomerular filtration rate which indicates a filtration-independent removal.[A32112] |
| Categories | NA |
| Patents Number | NA |
| Date of Issue | NA |
| Date of Expiry | NA |
| Drug Interaction | NA |
| Target | Alpha-actinin-1 |
| Brand Name | NA |
| Company | NA |
| Brand Description | NA |
| Prescribed For | NA |
| Chemical Name | NA |
| Formulation | NA |
| Physical Appearance | NA |
| Route of Administration | NA |
| Recommended Dosage | NA |
| Contraindication | NA |
| Side Effects | NA |
| Useful Link 1 | NA |
| Useful Link 2 | NA |
| Remarks | NA |