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Th1140 details
Primary information
ID10662
Therapeutic IDTh1140
Protein NameInsulin,isophane
Sequence>Th1140_Insulin,isophane GIVEQCCTSICSLYQLENYCN
Molecular Weight5808
Chemical FormulaC257H383N65O77S6
Isoelectric Point9
HydrophobicityNA
Melting point81 °C
Half-lifeSystemic insulin disposition (apparent terminal half-life) following oral inhalation of 4 to 48 units of human insulin was 120-206 minutes.
DescriptionRecombinant (E.coli derived), Intermediate-acting insulin to improve glycemic control. It consists of a crystalline suspension of human insulin with protamine and zinc, which results in an intermediate-acting insulin with a slower onset of action and longer duration of activity compared to regular human insulin.
Indication/DiseaseUsed to improve glycemic control in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus.
PharmacodynamicsWhen 0.3 Units/kg of NPH insulin was subcutaneously administered, the onset of action was approximately 0.8 hours. The duration of action was 13.2 hours. The peak activity of NPH insulin occurs 4-6 hours post-dose. Compared to insulin glargine, NPH insulin has a quicker onset of action and shorter duration of action.
Mechanism of ActionThe primary activity of insulin is the regulation of glucose metabolism. Insulin promotes glucose and amino acid uptake into muscle and adipose tissues, and other tissues except brain and liver. It also has an anabolic role in stimulating glycogen, fatty acid, and protein synthesis. Insulin inhibits gluconeogenesis in the liver. Insulin binds to the insulin receptor (IR), a heterotetrameric protein consisting of two extracellular alpha units and two transmembrane beta units. The binding of insulin to the alpha subunit of IR stimulates the tyrosine kinase activity intrinsic to the beta subunit of the receptor. The bound receptor is able to autophosphorylate and phosphorylate numerous intracellular substrates such as insulin receptor substrates (IRS) proteins, Cbl, APS, Shc and Gab 1. These activated proteins, in turn, lead to the activation of downstream signaling molecules including PI3 kinase and Akt. Akt regulates the activity of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and protein kinase C (PKC) which play a critical role in metabolism and catabolism
ToxicityNA
MetabolismNA
AbsorptionNA
NA
ClearanceNA
CategoriesHypoglycemic Agents and Antidiabetic Agents
Patents NumberNA
Date of IssueNA
Date of ExpiryNA
Drug InteractionNA
TargetInsulin receptor
Brand NameNovolin N
CompanyNovo Nordisk
Brand DescriptionNovo Nordisk
Prescribed ForType 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus,
Chemical NameNA
FormulationNovolin N in an InnoLet disposable prefilled insulin syringe. Novolin N is commonly known as NPH, Human Insulin Isophane Suspension (recombinant DNA origin). The concentration of this product is 100 units of insulin per milliliter. It is a cloudy or milky suspension of human insulin with protamine and zinc. The insulin substance (the cloudy material) settles at the bottom of the insulin reservoir, therefore, the Novolin N InnoLet (nph, human insulin isophane suspension 3 ml disposable prefilled syringe) must be rotated up and down so that the contents are uniformly mixed before a dose is given
Physical Appearance Novolin N InnoLet (nph, human insulin isophane suspension 3 ml disposable prefilled syringe)
Route of AdministrationSubcutaneous
Recommended Dosage0.5 U/kg/day SC (Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus), 0.5-1 units/kg/day in divided doses (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus)
ContraindicationTell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding; taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement; allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances; drink alcoholic beverages or smoke; heart problems (eg, heart failure); kidney or liver problems; nerve problems; adrenal, pituitary, or thyroid problems; or diabetic ketoacidosis; use 3 or more insulin injections per day; if you are fasting, have high blood sodium levels, or are on a low-salt (sodium) diet. Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with insulin isophane vials. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following: Beta-blockers, Angiotensin-converting enzyme, (ACE) inhibitors, Thiazolidinediones Corticosteroids .
Side Effectsinsulin allergy, Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is the most common side effect of insulin. Symptoms of low blood sugar may include headache, hunger, sweating, pale skin, irritability, dizziness, feeling shaky, or trouble concentrating. Watch for signs of low blood sugar. Carry a piece of non-dietetic hard candy or glucose tablets with you in case you have low blood sugar. Tell your doctor if you have itching, swelling, redness, or thickening of the skin where you inject insulin isophane.
Useful Link 1Link
Useful Link 2NA
RemarksNA