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| Primary information |
|---|
| ID | 13300 |
| Therapeutic ID | Th1394 |
| Protein Name | Protein C |
| Sequence | NA
|
| Molecular Weight | NA |
| Chemical Formula | NA |
| Isoelectric Point | NA |
| Hydrophobicity | NA |
| Melting point | NA |
| Half-life | Initial half life = 7.8 hr, Terminal half life = 9.9 hr |
| Description | Protein C is an endogenously occurring plasma protein that plays a key role within the coagulation cascade. Protein C is a zymogen, or enzyme precursor, of a vitamin K-dependent anticoagulant glycoprotein (serine protease) that is synthesized in the liver. It is converted by the thrombin/thrombomodulin-complex on the endothelial cell surface to Activated Protein C (APC). Once in its activated form, APC functions as a serine protease with potent anticoagulant effects, especially in the presence of its cofactor protein S. APC exerts its effect by inactivating essential components of the coagulation cascade (specifically factors V and VIII), which leads to a decrease in thrombin formation, and therefore a reduction in clot formation. The Protein C pathway provides a natural mechanism for control of the coagulation system and prevention of excessive procoagulant responses to activating stimuli. A lack of protein C in the body would lead to unchecked coagulation activation, resulting in thrombin generation and intravascular clot formation. Protein C is available in concentrated form as the product Ceprotin, which is indicated for use in pediatric and adult patients with severe congenital protein C deficiency for the prevention and treatment of venous thrombosis and purpura fulminans. |
| Indication/Disease | Protein C concentrate is indicated for pediatric and adult patients with severe congenital protein C deficiency for the prevention and treatment of venous thrombosis and purpura fulminans.[L12831] It is also found as a component of some prothrombin complex concentrate (i.e. [Factor IX Complex (Human)]) formulations, such as Kcentra.[L12834] |
| Pharmacodynamics | In clinical studies, the intravenous administration of Protein C Concentrate demonstrated a temporary increase, within approximately half an hour of administration, in plasma levels of APC. Replacement of protein C in protein C-deficient patients is expected to control or, if given prophylactically, to prevent thrombotic complications.[L12831] |
| Mechanism of Action | Protein C is an endogenously occurring plasma protein that plays a key role within the coagulation cascade. Also known as blood coagulation factor XIV, Protein C is a zymogen, or enzyme precursor, of a vitamin K-dependent anticoagulant glycoprotein (serine protease) that is synthesized in the liver. It is converted by the thrombin/thrombomodulin-complex on the endothelial cell surface to Activated Protein C (APC). Once in its activated form, APC functions as a serine protease with potent anticoagulant effects, especially in the presence of its cofactor protein S. APC exerts its effect by inactivating essential components of the coagulation cascade (specifically factors V and VIII), which leads to a decrease in thrombin formation, and therefore a reduction in clot formation. |
| Toxicity | NA |
| Metabolism | NA |
| Absorption | Cmax = 110 IU/dL Tmax = 0.50 hr |
| Volume of distribution at steady state = 0.74 dL/kg |
| Clearance | CL = 0.0533 dL/kg/h |
| Categories | Enzymes and Coenzymes |
| Patents Number | NA |
| Date of Issue | NA |
| Date of Expiry | NA |
| Drug Interaction | NA |
| Target | Coagulation factor V,Coagulation factor VIII |
| Brand Name | NA |
| Company | NA |
| Brand Description | NA |
| Prescribed For | NA |
| Chemical Name | NA |
| Formulation | NA |
| Physical Appearance | NA |
| Route of Administration | NA |
| Recommended Dosage | NA |
| Contraindication | NA |
| Side Effects | NA |
| Useful Link 1 | Link |
| Useful Link 2 | NA |
| Remarks | NA |