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| Primary information |
|---|
| ID | 11985 |
| Therapeutic ID | Th1275 |
| Protein Name | Abaloparatide |
| Sequence | >Th1275_Abaloparatide
AVSEHQLLHDKGKSIQDLRRRELLEKLLXKLHTA
|
| Molecular Weight | 3961 |
| Chemical Formula | C174H300N56O49 |
| Isoelectric Point | NA |
| Hydrophobicity | NA |
| Melting point | NA |
| Half-life | The mean (SD) half-life if 1.7 (0.7) hrs. |
| Description | Abaloparatide is an analog of PTHrP (parathyroid hormone-related protein). It was approved in April 28, 2017 by the FDA (as Tymlos) for the treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at high risk for fracture. Abaloparatide is a synthetic peptide that is related to hPTHrP and has demonstrated in preclinical testing the potential to widen the anabolic window for bone therapeutics, stimulating bone formation with a limited effect on bone resorption and mineral mobilization. This could enable improved convenience over currently available anabolic therapies, resulting in greater compliance and, ultimately, greater benefit to patients. |
| Indication/Disease | Investigated for use/treatment in postmenopausal osteoporosis to reduce vertebral and/or non-vertebral fractures. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Abaloparatide (BA058), a proprietary analog of human parathyroid hormone-related protein (hPTHrP), is currently undergoing clinical trials by the company for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. PTHrP is a critical peptide for promoting new bone formation, with a distinct role from parathyroid hormone, or PTH, which primarily regulates calcium homeostasis and bone resorption. Clinical studies show increased bone mineral density (BMD) and levels of bone formation markers in a dose-response relationship. |
| Mechanism of Action | In target cells, abaloparatide acts as an agonist on PTH type 1 receptor (PTH1R) and activates both G protein–mediated cAMP signaling and ß-arrestin-mediated ERK-1/2 signaling pathways with similar potency. Abaloparatide binds to RG conformation of PTH1R with greater selectivity that results in more transient cell signalling responses. |
| Toxicity | Abaloparatide has shown to induce higher incidences of osteosarcoma in a dose-dependent manner in a 2 year carcinogenicity study with female and male rats. This correlation is not known to be reflected in humans, however patients with increased risk of osteosarcoma including Paget's disease, open epiphyses, and skeletal malignancies should avoid this treatment. Abaloparatide may also cause hypercalcemia so should be avoided in patients with pre-existing conditions of primary hyperthyroidism or hypercalcemia. Overdose is commonly associated with hypercalcemia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension and headache. There is no known antidote for abaloparatide. |
| Metabolism | Abaloparatide is metabolized into smaller peptide fragments via non-specific proteolytic degradation. |
| Absorption | The time it takes to reach peak concentration following subcutaneous administration of 80 mcg abaloparatide ranges from 0.25 to 0.52 hr, with the median time of 0.51hr. The bioavailability in healthy women is 36% following administration. |
| Vd is approximately 50L. |
| Clearance | NA |
| Categories | Hormones |
| Patents Number | NA |
| Date of Issue | NA |
| Date of Expiry | NA |
| Drug Interaction | NA |
| Target | Parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor |
| Brand Name | NA |
| Company | NA |
| Brand Description | NA |
| Prescribed For | NA |
| Chemical Name | NA |
| Formulation | NA |
| Physical Appearance | NA |
| Route of Administration | NA |
| Recommended Dosage | NA |
| Contraindication | 4-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[5-amino-2-[[2-[[2-[[6-amino-2-[[2-[[6-amino-2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[5-amino-2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-(2-aminopropanoylamino)-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-5-[[1-[[1-[[1-[[6-amino-1-[[1-[[1-[[1-[[6-amino-1-[[1-[[1-[[1-[(1-amino-1-oxopropan-2-yl)amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-4-carboxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid |
| Side Effects | NA |
| Useful Link 1 | Link |
| Useful Link 2 | NA |
| Remarks | NA |