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| Primary information |
|---|
| ID | 11735 |
| Therapeutic ID | Th1255 |
| Protein Name | Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit) |
| Sequence | NA
|
| Molecular Weight | NA |
| Chemical Formula | NA |
| Isoelectric Point | NA |
| Hydrophobicity | NA |
| Melting point | 61 °C (FAB fragment), 71 °C (whole mAb) |
| Half-life | 2-3 days, may increase after multiple doses administration |
| Description | Rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin. Thymoglobulin is a polyclonal antibody that suppresses certain types of immune cells responsible for acute organ rejection in transplant patients. Thymoglobulin is a mixture of antibodies intended to bind to various cell surface antigens. The most common mode of action of Thymoglobulin is via selective depletion of T-cells. |
| Indication/Disease | For prevention of renal transplant rejection |
| Pharmacodynamics | Antithymocyte Globulin (ATG) is a concentrated anti-human T-lymphocyte immunoglobulin preparation derived from rabbits after immunization with a T-lympoblast cell line. ATG is an immunosuppressive product for the prevention and treatment of acute rejection following organ transplantation. ATG reduces the host immune response against tissue transplants or organ allografts. |
| Mechanism of Action | Binds to multiple, T-cell specific antigens leading to T-lymphocyte cell death via complement mediated cytotoxicity or apoptosis. |
| Toxicity | Not known whether ATG (rabbit) distributes into human milk; however, other immunoglobulins are distributed into human milk. |
| Metabolism | Most likely removed by opsonization via the reticuloendothelial system when bound to T lymphocytes, or by human antimurine antibody production. |
| Absorption | T-cell depletion usually observed within 1 day after initiating therapy. Average 21.5 and 87 mcg/mL 4–8 hours post-infusion after first and last IV doses, respectively, when given for 7–11 days. |
| NA |
| Clearance | NA |
| Categories | Antibodies |
| Patents Number | NA |
| Date of Issue | NA |
| Date of Expiry | NA |
| Drug Interaction | NA |
| Target | T-cell surface glycoprotein CD1a,Major histocompatibility complex class I-related gene protein,Integrin alpha-L,T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86,Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b,T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4,Integrin beta-1,Integrin alpha-V,Integrin beta-3 |
| Brand Name | Thymoglobulin |
| Company | Sanofi Aventis |
| Brand Description | Sanofi Aventis |
| Prescribed For | Intravenous |
| Chemical Name | 25 mg / vial |
| Formulation | THYMOGLOBULIN is contraindicated in patients with history of allergy or anaphylactic reaction to rabbit proteins or to any product excipients, or who have active acute or chronic infections that contraindicate any additional immunosuppression [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS; ADVERSE REACTIONS]. |
| Physical Appearance | chills low levels of white blood cells (leukopenia) headache abdominal pain high blood pressure (hypertension) nausea shortness of breath high levels of potassium in the blood (hyperkalemia) muscle pain insomnia low blood pressure (hypotension) rash sweating general feeling of being unwell (malaise), and acne |
| Route of Administration | Thymoglobulin is a sterilized solution made of the cells of rabbits that have been injected with white blood cells from humans. Thymoglobulin lowers your body's immune system. The immune system helps your body fight infections. The immune system can also fight or "reject" a transplanted organ such as... |
| Recommended Dosage | Thymoglobulin is a prescription medicine used as a prophylaxis and to treat the symptoms of Acute Rental Graft Rejection. Thymoglobulin may be used alone or with other medications. |
| Contraindication | NA |
| Side Effects | THYMOGLOBULIN® (anti-thymocyte globulin [rabbit]) is a purified, pasteurized, immunoglobulin G, obtained by immunization of rabbits with human thymocytes. This immunosuppressive product contains cytotoxic antibodies directed against antigens expressed on human T-lymphocytes. |
| Useful Link 1 | Link |
| Useful Link 2 | Link |
| Remarks | NA |