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10382 details
Primary information
ID10382
Therapeutic IDTh1060
Protein NameInsulin, porcine
Sequence>Th1060_Insulin,_porcine GIVEQCCTSICSLYQLENYCN
Molecular Weight5795.6
Chemical FormulaC257H387N65O76S6
Isoelectric Point5.39
Hydrophobicity0.218
Melting pointNA
Half-life0.03 hours
DescriptionInsulin isolated from pig pancreas. Composed of alpha and beta chains, processed from pro-insulin. Forms a hexameric structure.
Indication/DiseaseFor the treatment of type I and II diabetes mellitus.
PharmacodynamicsInsulin is used in the treatment of type I and type II diabetes. The primary activity of insulin is the regulation of glucose metabolism. In muscle and other tissues (except the brain), insulin causes rapid transport of glucose and amino acids intracellularly. It also promotes anabolism, and inhibits protein catabolism. In the liver, insulin promotes the uptake and storage of glucose in the form of glycogen, inhibits gluconeogenesis, and promotes the conversion of excess glucose into fat.
Mechanism of ActionInsulin binds to the insulin receptor (IR), a heterotetrameric protein consisting of two extracellular alpha units and two transmembrane beta units. The binding of insulin to the alpha subunit of IR stimulates the tyrosine kinase activity intrinsic to the beta subunit of the receptor. The bound receptor is able to autophosphorylate and phosphorylate numerous intracellular substrates such as insulin receptor substrates (IRS) proteins, Cbl, APS, Shc and Gab 1. These activated proteins, in turn, lead to the activation of downstream signaling molecules including PI3 kinase and Akt. Akt regulates the activity of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and protein kinase C (PKC) which play a critical role in metabolism.
ToxicityNA
MetabolismInsulin is predominantly cleared by metabolic degradation via a receptor-mediated process.
AbsorptionNA
NA
ClearanceNA
CategoriesAlimentary Tract and Metabolism, Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins, Blood Glucose Lowering Agents, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inducers, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inducers (strength unknown), Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inducers, Drugs Used in Diabetes, Hormones, Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists, Insulin, Insulin, Short-Acting, Insulins and Analogues for Injection, Fast-Acting, Pancreatic Hormones, Peptide Hormones, Peptides, Proteins
Patents NumberNA
Date of IssueNA
Date of ExpiryNA
Drug InteractionNA
TargetInterferon alpha/beta receptor 2,Interferon alpha/beta receptor 1
Brand Namevetsulin
CompanyIntervet Inc (Merck Animal Health)
Brand DescriptionIntervet Inc (Merck Animal Health)
Prescribed Forvetsulin (porcine insulin zinc suspension) is indicated for the reduction of hyperglycemia and hyperglycemia-associated clinical signs in dogs and cats with diabetes mellitus
Chemical NameNA
Formulationpurified porcine insulin 40 IU (35% amorphous and 65% crystalline), Zinc (as chloride) 0.08 mg, Sodium acetate trihydrate 1.36 mg, Sodium chloride 7.0 mg, Methylparaben (preservative) 1.0 mg, pH is adjusted with hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide.
Physical Appearance Vetsulin is supplied as a sterile injectable suspension in multidose vials containing 10 mL of 40 IU/mL porcine insulin zinc suspension. Vials are supplied in cartons of one, 10 mL vial.
Route of AdministrationSubcutaneous Injection
Recommended DosageIn dogs: The initial recommended vetsulin dose is 0.5 IU insulin/kg body weight. Initially, this dose should be given once daily concurrently with, or right after a meal; In Cats:The initial recommended dose in cats is 1 to 2 IU per injection. The injections should be given twice daily at approximately 12 hour intervals.
ContraindicationDogs and cats known to have a systemic allergy to pork or pork products should not be treated with vetsulin. vetsulin is contraindicated during periods of hypoglycemia.
Side EffectsIn dogs: Clinical signs of hypoglycemia were generally mild in nature (described as weakness, lethargy, stumbling, falling down, and/or depression, hematuria, vomiting, diarrhea, pancreatitis, non-specific hepatopathy/pancreatitis, development of cataracts, and urinary tract infections. In Cats: omiting, lethargy, diarrhea, decreased appetite/anorexia, pancreatitis, dermal events, respiratory disease, urinary tract disorder, renal disease, dehydration, weight loss, polydipsia, polyuria, behavioral change, and ocular discharge/conjunctivitis.
Useful Link 1Link
Useful Link 2NA
RemarksNA