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| Primary information |
|---|
| ID | 10347 |
| Therapeutic ID | Th1049 |
| Protein Name | Interferon beta-1a |
| Sequence | >Th1049_Interferon_beta-1a
MSYNLLGFLQRSSNFQCQKLLWQLNGRLEYCLKDRMNFDIPEEIKQLQQFQKEDAALTIYEMLQNIFAIFRQDSSSTGWNETIVENLLANVYHQINHLKTVLEEKLEKEDFTRGKLMSSLHLKRYYGRILHYLKAKEYSHCAWTIVRVEILRNFYFINRLTGYLRN
|
| Molecular Weight | 20027 |
| Chemical Formula | C908H1408N246O252S7 |
| Isoelectric Point | 8.93 |
| Hydrophobicity | -0.427 |
| Melting point | NA |
| Half-life | 10 hours |
| Description | Human interferon beta (166 residues, glycosylated, MW=22.5kD) is produced by mammalian cells (Chinese Hamster Ovary cells) into which the human interferon beta gene has been introduced. The amino acid sequence of Avonex is identical to that of natural human interferon beta. |
| Indication/Disease | For treatment of relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis, also for condyloma acuminatum |
| Pharmacodynamics | Interferon beta upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Type I interferons also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators including 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase (2'-5' A synthetase), beta-2 microglobulin and neopterin. |
| Mechanism of Action | Interferon beta binds to type I interferon receptors (IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c) which, upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription) which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon beta binds more stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon alpha. |
| Toxicity | NA |
| Metabolism | NA |
| Absorption | NA |
| NA |
| Clearance | 33-55 L/hour [Healthy SC injection of 60 mcg] |
| Categories | Adjuvants, Immunologic, Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins, Anti-Infective Agents, Antineoplastic and Immunomodulating Agents, Antiviral Agents, Biological Factors, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inhibitors, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inhibitors (strength unknown), Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors, Cytokines, Immunologic Factors, Immunomodulatory Agents, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Interferon Type I, Interferon-beta, Interferons, Peptides, Proteins, Recombinant Human Interferon beta |
| Patents Number | NA |
| Date of Issue | NA |
| Date of Expiry | NA |
| Drug Interaction | NA |
| Target | NA |
| Brand Name | Betaseron |
| Company | Merck |
| Brand Description | Merck |
| Prescribed For | Betaseron is used to treat relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). Betaseron will not cure MS, it will only decrease the frequency of relapse symptoms. |
| Chemical Name | NA |
| Formulation | Lyophilized Betaseron is a sterile, white to off-white powder, for subcutaneous injection after reconstitution with the diluent supplied (Sodium Chloride, 0.54% Solution). Albumin (Human) USP and Mannitol, USP (15 mg each/vial) are added as stabilizers. |
| Physical Appearance | Sterile, white to off-white powder |
| Route of Administration | Subcutaneous Injection |
| Recommended Dosage | The recommended starting dose is 0.0625 mg (0.25 mL) subcutaneously every other day, with dose increases over a six week period to the recommended dose of 0.25 mg (1 mL) every other day |
| Contraindication | Betaseron is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to natural or recombinant interferon beta, Albumin (Human). |
| Side Effects | Depressed mood, anxiety, trouble sleeping, restlessness, or thoughts of suicide or hurting yourself; bruising, swelling, oozing, or skin changes where the injection was given; weight changes, pounding heartbeats, feeling too hot or cold; fever, chills, bo |
| Useful Link 1 | Link |
| Useful Link 2 | NA |
| Remarks | NA |