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| Primary information |
|---|
| ID | 10103 |
| Therapeutic ID | Th1014 |
| Protein Name | Salmon Calcitonin |
| Sequence | >Th1014_Salmon_Calcitonin
CSNLSTCVLGKLSQELHKLQTYPRTNTGSGTP
|
| Molecular Weight | 3431.853 |
| Chemical Formula | C145H240N44O48S2 |
| Isoelectric Point | 8.86 |
| Hydrophobicity | -0.537 |
| Melting point | NA |
| Half-life | 0.83-1.33 hours |
| Description | Synthetic peptide of 32 residues, formulated as a nasal spray. |
| Indication/Disease | Used for the treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Calcitonin inhibits bone removal by osteoclasts and promotes bone formation by osteoblasts, leading to a net increase in bone mass. Calcitonin also reduces plasma calcium levels and enhances secretion of ions in the kidney. |
| Mechanism of Action | Calcitonin binds to the calcitonin receptor, found mainly in osteoclasts which then enhances the production of vitamin D producing enzymes (25-hydroxyvitamine D-24-hydroxylase), leading to greater calcium retention and enhanced bone density. Binding of calcitonin to its receptor also activates adenylyl cyclase and the phosphatidyl-inositol-calcium pathway. |
| Toxicity | It is devoid of embryotoxic, teratogenic and mutagenic potential. |
| Metabolism | Primarily and almost exclusively degraded in the kidneys, forming pharmacologically inactive fragments of the molecule. |
| Absorption | Rapidly absorbed and eliminated. Bioavailability is high following subcutaneous and intramuscular injection in humans and similar for the two routes of administration (71% and 66%, respectively). |
| 0.15 to 0.3 L/kg |
| Clearance | Studies with injectable calcitonin show increase in the excretion of filtered calcium, phosphate, and sodium by decreasing their tubular reabsorption in the kidney. |
| Categories | Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins, Bone Density Conservation Agents, Bone Density, drug effects, Calcitonin Preparations, Calcium Homeostasis, Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents, Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted, Hormones, Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neuropeptides, Parathyroid and Antiparathyroid Agents, Parathyroid Hormones and Analogues, Peptide Hormones, Peptides, Proteins, Systemic Hormonal Preparations, Excl. Sex Hormones and Insulins, Thyroid Products |
| Patents Number | NA |
| Date of Issue | NA |
| Date of Expiry | NA |
| Drug Interaction | Lithonate (lithium) |
| Target | NA |
| Brand Name | Fortical |
| Company | Upsher-Smith Laboratories, Inc., Physicians Total Care, Inc. |
| Brand Description | Upsher-Smith Laboratories, Inc., Physicians Total Care, Inc. |
| Prescribed For | Used to treat osteoporosis in women who have been in menopause for at least 5 years. To be used along with adequate calcium and vitamin D intake. |
| Chemical Name | NA |
| Formulation | Calcitonin-salmon 2200 International Units/mL, corresponding to 200 International Units per actuation (0.09 mL) and Sodium Chloride, Citric Acid, Phenylethyl Alcohol, Benzyl Alcohol, Polysorbate 80, Hydrochloric Acid or Sodium Hydroxide (added as necess |
| Physical Appearance | Nasal spray |
| Route of Administration | Intranasal use |
| Recommended Dosage | Each spray delivers 200 International Units calcitonin-salmon in a volume of 0.09 mL. |
| Contraindication | Allergy |
| Side Effects | Tremors or shaking, feeling like you might pass out, severe nasal irritation. |
| Useful Link 1 | Link |
| Useful Link 2 | NA |
| Remarks | NA |