==== Reference: Usmani SS, Bedi G, Samuel JS, Singh S, Kalra S, Kumar P, et al. (2017) THPdb: Database of FDA-approved peptide and protein therapeutics. PLoS ONE 12(7) e0181748.====

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Th1065 details
Primary information
ID1403
ThPP IDTh1065
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein NameDigoxin Immune Fab (Ovine)
SequenceHeavy Chain: EVQLQQSGPELVKPGASVRMSCKSSGYIFTDFYMNWV view full sequnce in fasta
Functional ClassificationIIa
Molecular Weight47301.7
Chemical FormulaC2085H3223N553O672S16
Isoelectric Point8.01
Hydrophobicity-0.343
Melting Point (℃)61 (FAB f
Half Life15-20 hrs
DescriptionDigoxin Immune Fab is a sheep antibody (26-10) FAB fragment from sheep immunized with the digoxin derivative Digoxindicarboxymethylamine. It is used as an antidote for overdose of digoxin.
Indication/DiseaseFor treatment of digitoxin overdose or digitalis glycoside toxicity.
PharmacodynamicsDigiFab binds molecules of digoxin, making them unavailable for binding at their site of action on cells in the body. The Fab fragment-digoxin complex accumulates in the blood, from which it is excreted by the kidney. The net effect is to shift the equilibrium away from binding of digoxin to its receptors in the body, thereby reversing its effects.
Mechanism of ActionBinds excess digoxin or digitoxin molecules circulating in the blood.
ToxicityN.A.
MetabolismN.A.
AbsorptionN.A.
Volume of Distribution0.3 L/kg [DigiFab] 0.4 L/kg [Digibind]
ClearanceN.A.
CategoriesAntidotes
Patents NumberN.A.
Date of IssueN.A.
Date of ExpiryN.A.
Drug InteractionCinitapride can alter the absorption of digoxin as it simulates gastric emptying
TargetN.A.
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand NameDIGIBIND
CompanyGalaxo Smith Kline
Brand DiscriptionDIGIBIND, Digoxin Immune Fab (Ovine), is a sterile lyophilized powder of antigen binding fragments (Fab) derived from specific antidigoxin antibodies raised in sheep. Production of antibodies specific for digoxin involves conjugation of digoxin as a hapten to human albumin. Sheep are immunized with this material to produce antibodies specific for the antigenic determinants of the digoxin molecule. The antibody is then papain-digested and digoxin-specific Fab fragments of the antibody are isolated and purified by affinity chromatography. These antibody fragments have a molecular weight of approximately 46,200.
Prescribed forDIGIBIND, Digoxin Immune Fab (Ovine), is indicated for treatment of potentially life-threatening digoxin intoxication. Although designed specifically to treat life-threatening digoxin overdose, it has also been used successfully to treat life-threatening digitoxin overdose. Since human experience is limited and the consequences of repeated exposures are unknown, DIGIBIND is not indicated for milder cases of digitalis toxicity.
Chemical NameN.A.
FormulationEach vial, which will bind approximately 0.5 mg of digoxin (or digitoxin), contains 38 mg of digoxin-specific Fab fragments derived from sheep plus 75 mg of sorbitol as a stabilizer and 28 mg of sodium chloride. The vial contains no preservatives.
Physcial AppearanceDIGIBIND, Digoxin Immune Fab (Ovine), is a Sterile lyophilized powder of antigen binding fragments (Fab) derived from specific antidigoxin antibodies raised in sheep.
Route of AdministrationIntravenous infusion after reconstitution with Ste
Recommended DosageEach vial of DIGIBIND (digoxin immune fab) contains 38 mg of purified digoxin-specific Fab fragments which will bind approximately 0.5 mg of digoxin (or digitoxin). Dose (in # of vials) = Total digitalis body load in mg / 0.5 mg of digitalis bound/vial
ContraindicationThere are no known contraindications to the use of DIGIBIND.
Side EffectsAllergic reactions to DIGIBIND (digoxin immune fab) have been reported rarely. Patients with a history of allergy, especially to antibiotics, appear to be at particular risk. In a few instances, low cardiac output states and congestive heart failure could have been exacerbated by withdrawal of the inotropic effects of digitalis. Hypokalemia may occur from re-activation of (sodium, potassium) ATPase. Patients with atrial fibrillation may develop a rapid ventricular response from withdrawal of the effects of digitalis on the atrioventricular node.
Useful LinkWenger TL, Butler VP Jr, Haber E, Smith TW. Treatment of 63 severely digitalis-toxic patients with digoxin-specific antibody fragments. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1985; 5:118A-123A http://www.rxlist.com/digibind-drug.htm http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/archives/fdaDrugInfo.cfm?archiveid=12121
PubMed ID12194938, 17516918, 17139284
3-D StructureTh1065 (View) or (Download)
Primary information
ID1404
ThPP IDTh1065
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein NameDigoxin Immune Fab (Ovine)
SequenceHeavy Chain: EVQLQQSGPELVKPGASVRMSCKSSGYIFTDFYMNWV view full sequnce in fasta
Functional ClassificationIIa
Molecular Weight47301.7
Chemical FormulaC2085H3223N553O672S16
Isoelectric Point8.01
Hydrophobicity-0.343
Melting Point (℃)62 (FAB f
Half Life15-20 hrs
DescriptionDigoxin Immune Fab is a sheep antibody (26-10) FAB fragment from sheep immunized with the digoxin derivative Digoxindicarboxymethylamine. It is used as an antidote for overdose of digoxin.
Indication/DiseaseFor treatment of digitoxin overdose or digitalis glycoside toxicity.
PharmacodynamicsDigiFab binds molecules of digoxin, making them unavailable for binding at their site of action on cells in the body. The Fab fragment-digoxin complex accumulates in the blood, from which it is excreted by the kidney. The net effect is to shift the equilibrium away from binding of digoxin to its receptors in the body, thereby reversing its effects.
Mechanism of ActionBinds excess digoxin or digitoxin molecules circulating in the blood.
ToxicityN.A.
MetabolismN.A.
AbsorptionN.A.
Volume of Distribution0.3 L/kg [DigiFab] 0.4 L/kg [Digibind]
ClearanceN.A.
CategoriesAntidotes
Patents NumberN.A.
Date of IssueN.A.
Date of ExpiryN.A.
Drug InteractionN.A.
TargetN.A.
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand NameDigiFab
Company Protherics Inc
Brand DiscriptionThese fragments are obtained from the blood of healthy sheep immunized with a digoxin derivative, digoxin-dicarboxymethoxylamine (DDMA), a digoxin analogue which contains the functionally essential cyclopentaperhydrophenanthrene:lactone ring moiety coupled to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH).The final product is prepared by isolating the immunoglobulin fraction of the ovine serum, digesting it with papain and isolating the digoxin-specific Fab fragments by affinity chromatography. These antibody fragments have a molecular weight of approximately 46,000 Da
Prescribed forDigiFab is indicated for the treatment of patients with life-threatening or potentially life-threatening digoxin toxicity or overdose. Although designed specifically to treat digoxin overdose, a product very similar to DigiFab (Digibind) has been used successfully to treat life-threatening digitoxin overdose.
Chemical NameN.A.
FormulationEach vial of DigiFab, which will bind approximately 0.5 mg digoxin, contains 40 mg of digoxin immune Fab, 75 mg (approx) of mannitol USP, and 2 mg (approx) sodium acetate USP as a buffering agent. The product contains no preservatives after reconstitution with 4 mL of Sterile Water for Injection USP
Physcial AppearanceDigiFab [Digoxin Immune Fab (Ovine)] is a sterile, purified, lyophilized powdered preparation of digoxin-immune ovine Fab (monovalent) immunoglobulin fragments. 
Route of AdministrationIntravenous administration 
Recommended DosageFor adult patients who are in acute distress or for whom a serum digoxin concentration is not available, 6 vials (240 mg) should be adequate to reverse most cases of toxicity.
ContraindicationThere are no known contraindications to the use of DigiFab
Side EffectsExacerbation of low cardiac output states and congestive heart failure due to the withdrawal of inotropic effect of digitalis. Hypokalemia due to reactivation of the sodium-potassium ATPase. Rapid ventricular response in patients with atrial fibrillation due to withdrawal of the effects of digitalis on the atrioventricular node. Rare allergic reactions Patients with a history of allergy, especially to antibiotics, appear to be at particular risk.
Useful Linkhttp://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=6832767f-db6b-4eea-b88b-bdfc905749e1
PubMed ID12194938, 17516918, 17139285
3-D StructureTh1065 (View) or (Download)
Primary information
ID1405
ThPP IDTh1065
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein NameDigoxin Immune Fab (Ovine)
SequenceHeavy Chain: EVQLQQSGPELVKPGASVRMSCKSSGYIFTDFYMNWV view full sequnce in fasta
Functional ClassificationIIa
Molecular Weight47301.7
Chemical FormulaC2085H3223N553O672S16
Isoelectric Point8.01
Hydrophobicity-0.343
Melting Point (℃)63 (FAB f
Half Life15-20 hrs
DescriptionDigoxin Immune Fab is a sheep antibody (26-10) FAB fragment from sheep immunized with the digoxin derivative Digoxindicarboxymethylamine. It is used as an antidote for overdose of digoxin.
Indication/DiseaseFor treatment of digitoxin overdose or digitalis glycoside toxicity.
PharmacodynamicsDigiFab binds molecules of digoxin, making them unavailable for binding at their site of action on cells in the body. The Fab fragment-digoxin complex accumulates in the blood, from which it is excreted by the kidney. The net effect is to shift the equilibrium away from binding of digoxin to its receptors in the body, thereby reversing its effects.
Mechanism of ActionBinds excess digoxin or digitoxin molecules circulating in the blood.
ToxicityN.A.
MetabolismN.A.
AbsorptionN.A.
Volume of Distribution0.3 L/kg [DigiFab] 0.4 L/kg [Digibind]
ClearanceN.A.
CategoriesAntidotes
Patents NumberN.A.
Date of IssueN.A.
Date of ExpiryN.A.
Drug InteractionN.A.
TargetT-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 delta chain, T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain, T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 gamma chain, T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain, Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-B, Complement C1r subcomponent, Complement C1q subcomponent subunit A, Complement C1q subcomponent subunit B, Complement C1q subcomponent subunit C, Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-A, Complement C1s subcomponent, High affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I, Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-a, Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b, Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-c
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand NameN.A.
CompanyN.A.
Brand DiscriptionN.A.
Prescribed forN.A.
Chemical NameN.A.
FormulationN.A.
Physcial AppearanceN.A.
Route of AdministrationN.A.
Recommended DosageN.A.
ContraindicationN.A.
Side EffectsN.A.
Useful LinkN.A.
PubMed ID12194938, 17516918, 17139286
3-D StructureTh1065 (View) or (Download)