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1828 details
Primary information
ThPP IDTh1218
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein NameAnti-thymocyte Globulin (Equine)
SequenceNA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional ClassificationIIIb
Molecular WeightNA
Chemical FormulaNA
Isoelectric PointNA
HydrophobicityNA
Melting Point (℃)NA
Half LifeThe half-life of equine immunoglobulin after ATGAM infusion was found to be 5.7 ± 3.0 days in one g
DescriptionEquine anti-thymocyte globulin is composed of purified gamma globulin containing primarily IgG against human thymus lymphocytes. It is formed by inoculating a horse with an antigen (human thymoyctes) which then induces the horse immune system's B-lymphocytes to produce IgG immunoglobulins specific for that antigen. The result is polyclonal IgG that is then purified from the horse's serum to produce a usable drug product that can be used for immunosuppression. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, equine anti-thymocyte globulin targets a variety of immune system proteins including lymphocyte surface proteins, granulocytes, platelets, bone marrow cells, and other cell types. Equine ATG is currently indicated for the suppression of the immune system to prevent renal transplant rejection and in the treatment of aplastic anemia. Induction of T cell apoptosis and resulting T-cell lymphopenia found in vivo is credited for its therapeutic effect in these conditions. There are currently various ATG products available, which differ in the source of inoculated animal (rabbit, horse, or pig) and in the type of antigen product used to produce immunoglobulin (thymocytes, peripheral T cells, etc.).
Indication/DiseaseFor prevention of renal transplant rejection and for the treatment of aplastic anemia.
PharmacodynamicsNA
Mechanism of ActionNA
ToxicityThe most commonly reported adverse reactions (occurring in greater than 10% of patients) are pyrexia, chills, rash, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and arthralgia.
MetabolismNA
AbsorptionNA
Volume of DistributionDuring infusion of 10 to 15 mg/kg/day, the mean peak value (n = 27 renal transplant patients) was found to be 727 ± 310 μg/mL.
Clearance50 mg/mL
CategoriesAntibody
Patents NumberNA
Date of IssueNA
Date of ExpiryNA
Drug InteractionNA
TargetNA
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand NameATGAM
CompanyNA
Brand DiscriptionATGAM Sterile Solution contains lymphocyte immune globulin, anti-thymocyte globulin [equine]. It is the purified, concentrated, and sterile gamma globulin, primarily monomeric IgG, from hyperimmune serum of horses immunized with human thymus lymphocytes. ATGAM is a transparent to slightly opalescent aqueous protein solution. It may appear colorless to faintly pink or brown and is nearly odorless. It may develop a slight granular or flaky deposit during storage
Prescribed forTGAM is indicated for the management of allograft rejection in renal transplant patients; and also for the treatment of moderate to severe aplastic anemia in patients unsuitable for bone marrow transplantation
Chemical NameNA
FormulationEach milliliter of ATGAM contains 50 mg of horse gamma globulin stabilized in 0.3 molar glycine to a pH of approximately 6.8.
Physcial Appearnce Solid
Route of Administration Intravenous
Recommended DosageThe recommended dose is 10 to 15 mg/kg daily intravenously for 14 days for Renal transplant rejection. The recommended dose is 10 to 20 mg/kg daily intravenously for 8 to 14 days in case of Aplastic Anemia
Contraindicationsystemic reaction (e.g., anaphylactic reaction) during prior administration of ATGAM or any other equine gamma globulin preparation
Side EffectsThe most clinically significant adverse reactions are anaphylaxis, infection, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, arthralgia, edema, bradycardia, and abnormal renal and liver function tests.
Useful Link http://www.rxlist.com/atgam-drug.htm
PubMed ID24907357, 25672649, 12783210, 25243623
3-D StructureN.A.