==== Reference: Usmani SS, Bedi G, Samuel JS, Singh S, Kalra S, Kumar P, et al. (2017) THPdb: Database of FDA-approved peptide and protein therapeutics. PLoS ONE 12(7) e0181748.====

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1810 details
Primary information
ThPP IDTh1201
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein NamePoractant alfa
SequenceNA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional ClassificationIa
Molecular WeightNA
Chemical FormulaNA
Isoelectric PointNA
HydrophobicityNA
Melting Point (℃)NA
Half LifeStudied in adult and newborn rabbits, the half-life in the lungs was found to be 25 and 67 respectiv
DescriptionPoractant alfa is a pulmonary surfactant marketed as Curosurf in the United States and Canada. It is used to treat Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) in premature infants with an endogenous pulmonary surfactant deficiency. Poractant alfa is an extract of natural porcine lung surfactant consisting of 99% polar lipids (mainly phospholipids) and 1% hydrophobic low molecular weight proteins (surfactant associated proteins SP-B and SP-C). The phospholipid content of the extract consists primarily of phosphatidylcholine and dipaImitoylphosphatidylcholine. Poractant alfa is a creamy white suspension of this extract in 0.9% sodium chloride solution. It contains no preservatives.
Indication/DiseasePoractant alfa is indicated for the treatment of Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) in premature infants.
PharmacodynamicsPoractant alfa improved lung compliance, pulmonary gas exchange and survival in preterm rabbits.
Mechanism of ActionEndogenous pulmonary surfactant reduces surface tension at the air-liquid interface of the alveoli in the lungs, thus stabilizing them against collapse under transpulmonary pressures. A deficiency of pulmonary surfactant in premature infants allows surface tension to increase to the point where sections of lung collapse and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) develops. Poractant alfa lowers minimum surface tension to less than or equal to 4 mN/m. This compensates for the lack of endogenous surfactant and restores adequate surface activity to the lungs
ToxicityStudies on the carcinogenicity or reproductive effects of poractant alfa have not been conducted. Mutagenicity assays were negative. In the case of an overdose with poractant alfa where there are clear clinical effects on the infant's respiration, ventilation, or oxygenation, it is recommended that as much of the solution be aspirated as possible and the infant be managed with supportive measures. Fluid and electrolyte balances should be monitored closely in this case.
MetabolismNo studies on the metabolism of poractant alfa have been performed in humans. One small study in rabbits did find that poractant alfa may be degraded by macrophages and that it may, in part, be recycled in the alveoli in a similar manner to endogenous lung surfactant.
AbsorptionPoractant alfa is administered directly to the site of action in the lungs via endotracheal tube. It very rapidly adsorbs to the air-liquid interface to form a stable surfactant monolayer. No studies on absorption of poractant alfa have been performed in humans.
Volume of DistributionNo studies on the distribution of poractant alfa have been performed in humans.
ClearanceNo studies on clearance of poractant alfa have been performed in humans.
CategoriesPulmonary Surfactants
Patents NumberNA
Date of IssueNA
Date of ExpiryNA
Drug InteractionBretylium, Ceritinib, Esmolol, Ivabradine, Lacosamide, Octreotide, Ruxolitinib, Tofacitinib
Target
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand NameCurosurf
CompanyChiesi USA, Inc
Brand DiscriptionCUROSURF (poractant alfa) is a sterile, non-pyrogenic pulmonary surfactant intended for intratracheal use only. CUROSURF is an extract of natural porcine lung surfactant consisting of 99% polar lipids (mainly phospholipids) and 1% hydrophobic low molecular weight proteins (surfactant associated proteins SP-B and SP-C).
Prescribed forCUROSURF® (poractant alfa) Intratracheal Suspension is indicated for the rescue treatment of Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) in premature infants. CUROSURF reduces mortality and pneumothoraces associated with RDS.
Chemical NameNA
Formulation80 mg/mL
Physcial AppearnceSuspension
Route of Administrationendotracheal
Recommended DosageThe initial recommended dose is 2.5 mL/kg birth weight (see Table 1), administered as one or two aliquots depending upon the instillation procedure.
ContraindicationNA
Side EffectsCurosurf (poractant alfa) Suspension is a pulmonary surfactant used to treat Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) in premature infants. Curosurf reduces mortality and pneumothoraces (collapsed lung) associated with RDS. Common side effects of Curosurf include slow heart rate, low blood pressure, endotracheal tube blockage, and low blood oxygen levels. Many side effects are associated with premature birth.
Useful Linkhttp://www.rxlist.com/curosurf-drug.htm
PubMed ID17533176, 15813666, 15805381
3-D StructureN.A.