| Primary information |
|---|
| ThPP ID | Th1057 |
| Therapeutic Peptide/Protein Name | Interferon beta-1b |
| Sequence | MSYNLLGFLQRSSNFQSQKLLWQLNGRLEYCLKDRMNFDIPEEIKQLQQF view full sequnce in fasta |
| Functional Classification | Ib |
| Molecular Weight | 20011 |
| Chemical Formula | C908H1408N246O253S7 |
| Isoelectric Point | 9.02 |
| Hydrophobicity | -0.447 |
| Melting Point (℃) | N.A. |
| Half Life | 10-20 minutes |
| Description | Human interferon beta (165 residues), cysteine 17 is substituted with serine. Produced in E. coli, no carbohydrates, MW=18.5kD. |
| Indication/Disease | Interferon beta-1b is a drug used for the treatment of relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis. It has been shown to slow the advance of the disease as well as to decrease the frequency of attacks. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Interferon beta upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Type I interferons also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators including 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase (2'-5' A synthetase), beta-2 microglobulin, neopterin and protein kinase R. |
| Mechanism of Action | Interferon beta binds to type I interferon receptors (IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c) which activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription)which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon beta binds more stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon alpha. |
| Toxicity | N.A. |
| Metabolism | N.A. |
| Absorption | N.A. |
| Volume of Distribution | 0.25 to 2,88 L/kg |
| Clearance | 9.4 - 28.9 mL/min/kg [patients with diseases other than MS receiving single intravenous doses up to 2.0 mg] |
| Categories | Adjuvants, Immunologic and Immunosuppressive Agents |
| Patents Number | CA1339707 |
| Date of Issue | 11/03/02 |
| Date of Expiry | 11/03/19 |
| Drug Interaction | N.A. |
| Target | N.A. |
| Information of corresponding available drug in the market |
|---|
| Brand Name | Betaferon |
| Company | Bayer |
| Brand Discription | Betaferon (interferon beta-1b) is a type of medicine known as an interferon, which is used to treat MS. Interferons are proteins found naturally in the body, which may help boost the immune system and fight infections. Betaferon belongs to a class of medicines called disease modifying therapies (DMTs). Betaferon may change the course of your MS. It helps to reduce the frequency, severity and duration of any relapses you may have and can help to slow down the progression of the disease. It has been taken by people with MS for more than 16 years, and there is a wealth of data showing both its effectiveness and safety profile in a broad range of people. |
| Prescribed for | Betaferon is indicated for the treatment of patients with a single demyelinating event with an active inflammatory process, if it is severe enough to warrant treatment with intravenous corticosteroids, if alternative diagnoses have been excluded, and if they are determined to be at high risk of developing clinically definite multiple sclerosis; patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and two or more relapses within the last two years; patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis with active disease, evidenced by relapses. |
| Chemical Name | N.A. |
| Formulation | N.A. |
| Physcial Appearnce | Powder and solvent that are made upto make solution. |
| Route of Administration | Subcutaneous Injection |
| Recommended Dosage | N.A. |
| Contraindication | People with severe depression or thoughts of suicide; People with severe liver disease; Pregnancy; Breastfeeding. |
| Side Effects | The most frequently observed side-effects are: Flu-like symptoms- such as fever,chills, painful joints, malaise, sweating, headache or muscular pain. These symptoms may be reduced by taking paracetamol or steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines such as ibuprofen. Injection site reactions. - Symptoms can include redness, swelling, discolouration, inflammation and pain. These may be reduced by the use of an auto-injector device. |
| Useful Link | http://www.drugs.com/uk/betaferon.html http://www.mssociety.ie/uploads/File/Living%20with%20MS/Treating%20and%20Managing%20MS/MS%20Ireland%20Betaferon_Feb2014.pdf http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/brain-and-nervous-system/medicines/betaferon.html |
| PubMed ID | 26384035, 26039748, 24341722, 23962003, 22873735, 27730845, 26039748, 12224444, 12168506 |
| 3-D Structure | Th1057 (View) or (Download) |