| Primary information |
|---|
| ThPP ID | Th1049 |
| Therapeutic Peptide/Protein Name | Interferon beta-1a |
| Sequence | MSYNLLGFLQRSSNFQCQKLLWQLNGRLEYCLKDRMNFDIPEEIKQLQQF view full sequnce in fasta |
| Functional Classification | Ib |
| Molecular Weight | 20027 |
| Chemical Formula | C908H1408N246O252S7 |
| Isoelectric Point | 8.93 |
| Hydrophobicity | -0.427 |
| Melting Point (℃) | N.A. |
| Half Life | 10 hours |
| Description | Human interferon beta (166 residues, glycosylated, MW=22.5kD) is produced by mammalian cells (Chinese Hamster Ovary cells) into which the human interferon beta gene has been introduced. The amino acid sequence of Avonex is identical to that of natural human interferon beta. |
| Indication/Disease | For treatment of relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis, also for condyloma acuminatum |
| Pharmacodynamics | Interferon beta upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Type I interferons also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators including 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase (2'-5' A synthetase), beta-2 microglobulin and neopterin. |
| Mechanism of Action | Interferon beta binds to type I interferon receptors (IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c) which, upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription) which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon beta binds more stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon alpha. |
| Toxicity | N.A. |
| Metabolism | N.A. |
| Absorption | N.A. |
| Volume of Distribution | N.A. |
| Clearance | 33-55 L/hour [Healthy SC injection of 60 mcg] |
| Categories | N.A. |
| Patents Number | N.A. |
| Date of Issue | N.A. |
| Date of Expiry | N.A. |
| Drug Interaction | N.A. |
| Target | N.A. |
| Information of corresponding available drug in the market |
|---|
| Brand Name | N.A. |
| Company | N.A. |
| Brand Discription | N.A. |
| Prescribed for | N.A. |
| Chemical Name | N.A. |
| Formulation | N.A. |
| Physcial Appearnce | N.A. |
| Route of Administration | N.A. |
| Recommended Dosage | N.A. |
| Contraindication | N.A. |
| Side Effects | In injection site reactions, symptoms can include redness, swelling, discolouration, inflammation and pain. These may be reduced by the use of an auto-injector device. |
| Useful Link | http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/brain-and-nervous-system/medicines/betaferon.html |
| PubMed ID | 27835061, 27314959, 27126827, 27035896, 26384035, 26039748, 25941954, 25846320, 25666445 |
| 3-D Structure | Th1049 (View) or (Download) |