==== Reference: Usmani SS, Bedi G, Samuel JS, Singh S, Kalra S, Kumar P, et al. (2017) THPdb: Database of FDA-approved peptide and protein therapeutics. PLoS ONE 12(7) e0181748.====

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1341 details
Primary information
ThPP IDTh1049
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein NameInterferon beta-1a
SequenceMSYNLLGFLQRSSNFQCQKLLWQLNGRLEYCLKDRMNFDIPEEIKQLQQF view full sequnce in fasta
Functional ClassificationIb
Molecular Weight20027
Chemical FormulaC908H1408N246O252S7
Isoelectric Point8.93
Hydrophobicity-0.427
Melting Point (℃)N.A.
Half Life10 hours
DescriptionHuman interferon beta (166 residues, glycosylated, MW=22.5kD) is produced by mammalian cells (Chinese Hamster Ovary cells) into which the human interferon beta gene has been introduced. The amino acid sequence of Avonex is identical to that of natural human interferon beta.
Indication/DiseaseFor treatment of relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis, also for condyloma acuminatum
PharmacodynamicsInterferon beta upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Type I interferons also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators including 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase (2'-5' A synthetase), beta-2 microglobulin and neopterin.
Mechanism of ActionInterferon beta binds to type I interferon receptors (IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c) which, upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription) which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon beta binds more stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon alpha.
ToxicityN.A.
MetabolismN.A.
AbsorptionN.A.
Volume of DistributionN.A.
Clearance33-55 L/hour [Healthy SC injection of 60 mcg]
CategoriesAntineoplastic Agents
Patents NumberCA1341604
Date of Issue04/05/10
Date of Expiry04/05/27
Drug InteractionN.A.
TargetInterferon alpha/beta receptor 1,Interferon alpha/beta receptor 2
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand NameAvonex
CompanyBiogen Inc
Brand DiscriptionAVONEX is a 166 amino acid glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 22,500 daltons. It is produced by recombinant DNA technology using genetically engineered Chinese Hamster Ovary cells into which the human interferon beta gene has been intro
Prescribed forAvonex is used to treat relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). This medication will not cure MS, it will only decrease the frequency of relapse symptoms.
Chemical NameN.A.
FormulationAVONEX is avalible as powder vial, Single used prefillled syringe, single used prefilled autoinjector. Each vial of reconstituted AVONEX contains 30 micrograms of interferon beta-1a; 15 mg Albumin (Human), USP; 5.8 mg Sodium Chloride, USP; 5.7 mg Dibasic
Physcial AppearnceLyophilized powder vial, Sterile liquid as single used prefilled syringe and also available as single use prefilled autoinjector.
Route of AdministrationIntramuSubcutaneousular Injection
Recommended DosageThe recommended dose is 30 micrograms once a week. To reduce the incidence and severity of flu-like symptoms that may occur when initiating AVONEX therapy at a dose of 30 micrograms, AVONEX may be started at a dose of 7.5 micrograms and the dose may beincreased by 7.5 micrograms each week for the next three weeks until the recommended dose of 30 micrograms is achieved.
ContraindicationHypersensitivity
Side EffectsStomach pain; headache, drowsiness; or minor irritation where the injection was given.
Useful Linkhttp://www.avonex.com/
PubMed ID27835061, 27314959, 27126827, 27035896, 26384035, 26039748, 25941954, 25846320, 25666445
3-D StructureTh1049 (View) or (Download)