==== Reference: Usmani SS, Bedi G, Samuel JS, Singh S, Kalra S, Kumar P, et al. (2017) THPdb: Database of FDA-approved peptide and protein therapeutics. PLoS ONE 12(7) e0181748.====

Detailed description page of THPdb

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1253 details
Primary information
ThPP IDTh1035
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein NameGlucagon recombinant
SequenceHSQGTFTSDYSKYLDSRRAQDFVQWLMNT view full sequnce in fasta
Functional ClassificationIV
Molecular Weight3767.1
Chemical FormulaC165H249N49O51S1
Isoelectric Point9.52
Hydrophobicity-1.197
Melting Point (℃)N.A.
Half LifeN.A.
DescriptionGlucagon is a 29 residue peptide hormone, synthesized in a special non- pathogenic laboratory strain of Escherichia coli bacteria that has been genetically altered by the addition of the gene for glucagons.
Indication/DiseaseUsed to treat severe hypoglycemia, also used in gastrointestinal imaging.
PharmacodynamicsUsed in the treatment of hypoglycemia and in gastric imaging, glucagon increases blood glucose concentration and is used in the treatment of hypoglycemia. Glucagon acts only on liver glycogen, converting it to glucose through the release of insulin. It also relaxes the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract.
Mechanism of ActionGlucagon binds the glucagon receptor(G protein-coupled receptor located in the plasma membrane) which then initiates a dual signaling pathway using both adenylate cyclase activation and increased intracellular calcium. Adenylate cyclase manufactures cAMP (cyclic AMP), which activates protein kinase A (cAMP-dependent protein kinase). This enzyme, in turn, activates phosphorylase kinase, which, in turn, phosphorylates glycogen phosphorylase, converting into the active form called phosphorylase A. Phosphorylase A is the enzyme responsible for the release of glucose-1-phosphate from glycogen polymers. This yields glucose molecules to be released into the blood. Glucagon receptors are found in the liver, kidney, brain and pancreatic islet cells. The glucagon mediated signals lead to an increase in insulin excretion
ToxicityN.A.
MetabolismN.A.
AbsorptionN.A.
Volume of Distribution0.25 L/kg
Clearance13.5  mL/min/kg [Adults with IV 1 mg]
CategoriesHypoglycemic Agents
Patents NumberN.A.
Date of IssueN.A.
Date of ExpiryN.A.
Drug InteractionN.A.
TargetN.A.
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand NameN.A.
CompanyN.A.
Brand DiscriptionN.A.
Prescribed forN.A.
Chemical NameN.A.
FormulationN.A.
Physcial AppearnceN.A.
Route of AdministrationN.A.
Recommended DosageN.A.
ContraindicationPheochromocytoma
Side EffectsN.A.
Useful Linkhttp://www.drugs.com/pro/glucagen.html
PubMed ID17462598, 17620721, 17623014, 17534934, 15817469
3-D StructureTh1035 (View) or (Download)