| Year | Tool Name | Type | Description | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Alg-MFDL | Protein | It integrated CNNs, transformers, and bidirectional gated recurrent units (BiGRUs) to process ESM-2, ProtT5, and amino acid composition features for allergenic proteins prediction. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39481588 |
| 2025 | AllergyPred | Protein and Chemicals | A DNN-based model built on the top 300 physicochemical descriptors to predict both protein- and chemical-based allergens. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40326517 |
| 2025 | AllerTrans | Protein | It utilized pLMs to extract feature vectors and used an ensemble of Prot-ESM+DNN and ProtT5+DNN approaches to predict protein allergenicity. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40656558 |
| 2025 | Multimodal-AlgPro | Protein | A multimodal deep learning algorithm designed to predict allergens by integrating multiple dimensions, including physicochemical properties, amino acid sequences, and evolutionary information. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40745646 |
| 2025 | DeepPlantAllergy | Protein | A deep learning framework that integrates sequence-based embeddings, including SeqVec, ProtBert, and ESM-1B, with CNNs, BiLSTM networks, and MHSA mechanisms to capture both local patterns and long-range dependencies within protein sequences. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41236479 |
| 2024 | SEP-AlgPro | Protein | It combines the top 10 features with 7 different ML & DL classifiers, resulting in 70 benchmark models trained with DNNs to identify allergen proteins. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38871100 |
| 2024 | AllergenAI | Protein | Distinguish the allergenic potential of proteins based on protein sequence information and develop a CNN-based model using 3D protein structural information. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38979176 |
| 2024 | PreAlgPro | Protein | An attention-CNN neural network architecture built using protein embedding features extracted by the ProtT5 model to classify allergenic proteins. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39322150 |
| 2023 | iAller | Protein | It utilised an RF-based model built on the fusion of AAC, DPC, and CKSAAP features and performed dimensionality reduction using PCC and PCA to identify allergenic proteins. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37928245 |
| 2023 | pLM4Alg | Protein and Peptide | It is an allergenic protein/peptide predictor which was built on pretrained protein language models (pLMs) using ESM-2. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38113537 |
| 2023 | DeepAlgPro | Protein | It is based on a CNN combined with multi-headed self-attention (MHSA), which identifies allergens with low homology and is scalable for large-scale applications. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37385595 |
| 2022 | AllerCatPro 2.0 | Protein | It predicts the similarity between input proteins to classify them as allergens, using both their amino acid sequences and predicted 3D structures, and compares them against known allergenic proteins. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35640594 |
| 2022 | ProAll-D | Protein | It utilized Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to classify proteins as allergenic or non-allergenic using amino acid composition (AAC) features. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36131892 |
| 2022 | ALLERDET | Protein | It combines Decision Tree methods with a deep Learning technique, Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBM), and uses a similarity-based method, Pairwise Sequence Alignment (PSA), for feature extraction to classify proteins as allergenic or non-allergenic. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36244612 |
| 2021 | AlgPred 2.0 | Protein | It utilized a Random forest-based classifier with an ensemble approach combining Motif and BLAST using AAC, DPC, and evolutionary features (PSSM-400) to classify allergenic proteins. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33201237 |
| 2021 | Allergy prediction tool | Protein | A pre-training of a BERT deep learning model and novel ensemble learning models represented by LightGBM and XGBoost to predict the allergenicity of food proteins. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33918556 |
| 2019 | AllerCatPro | Protein | It predicts the similarity between input proteins to classify them as allergens, using both their amino acid sequences and predicted 3D structures, and compares them against known allergenic proteins. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30657872 |
| 2014 | Allerdictor | Protein | A sequence-based allergen prediction tool that models protein sequences as text documents and uses an SVM in text classification for allergen prediction. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24403538 |
| 2014 | AllergenFP | Protein | It is a fingerprint-based allergenicity prediction tool that uses predefined allergen-specific motifs and physicochemical properties to classify proteins. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24167156 |
| 2014 | AllerTop v.2 | Protein | It utilized the k-nearest neighbours (k-NN) algorithm using amino acid descriptors such as AAC and DPC to identify allergenic proteins. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878803 |
| 2013 | PREAL | Protein | An improved SVM model for identifying potential protein allergenicity using 128 features (biochemical, physicochemical, and subcellular locations) ranked using the mRMR method. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24565053 |
| 2013 | AllerTOP | Protein | It is based on k-NN ( k = 3) that relies on amino acid descriptors and physicochemical properties to classify proteins as allergenic or non-allergenic. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23735058 |
| 2012 | SORTALLER | Protein and Peptide | An online allergen classifier based on allergen family featured peptide (AFFP) dataset and normalized BLAST E-values, which establishes the featured vectors for support vector machine (SVM). | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22692221 |
| 2009 | AllerHunter | Protein | It utilized SVM and integrates features such as sequence similarity, allergen-specific motifs, and physicochemical properties for allergenicity prediction. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19516900 |
| 2007 | AllerTool | Protein | A SVM-based method & similarity approach using BLAST for identifying potential allergenicity and patterns of cross-reactivity. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17150996 |
| 2006 | AlgPred | Protein | A SVM-based model and hybird with similarity searches such as MEME/MAST and BLAST for predicting allergenic proteins and mapping IgE epitopes on allergenic proteins. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16844994 |
| 2004 | Allermatch | Protein | A web tool that analyses the potential allergenicity of proteins using a sliding window approach, introduced in genetically modified food employing all bioinformatic tools. | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15373946 |