| DB ID | MyCo_1332 |
| Title | Comparison of (1->3)-β-D-glucan, mannan/anti-mannan antibodies, and Cand-Tec Candida antigen as serum biomarkers for candidemia |
| Year | 2013 |
| PMID | 23363830 |
| Fungal Diseases involved | Candidemia |
| Associated Medical Condition | None |
| Genus | Candida |
| Species | guilliermondii |
| Organism | Candida guilliermondii |
| Ethical Statement | The use of sera in this study was approved by the local ethics committee (application number 293/11). |
| Site of Infection | None |
| Opportunistic invasive | Opportunistic |
| Sample type | Body fluid |
| Sample source | Serum |
| Host Group | Human |
| Host Common name | Human |
| Host Scientific name | Homo sapiens |
| Biomarker Name | Cand-Tec Candida antigen |
| Biomarker Full Name | Cand-Tec Candida antigen |
| Biomarker Type | Diagnostic |
| Biomolecule | Protein |
| Geographical Location | Germany |
| Cohort | All patients presenting at the University Medical Centre Freiburg, Germany, between January 2001 and May 2012 were enrolled. Inclusion criteria were a culture-confirmed candidemia and an archived serum sample from day 0 until day 2 after blood culture sampling. An exclusion criterion was treatment with intravenous immuno- globulins (IVIG) or albumin in the 7 days prior to serum sampling. Patients receiving IVIG and albumin were excluded because we have found in the past that, without exception, even a single administration of these substances causes significantly elevated BDG levels that usually normalize within 1 week. A total of 79,840 blood cultures were examined. Candida species were detected in 754 of 10,987 positive blood cultures (6.9%) from 307 patients. Sixty-eight patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Twelve patients were excluded because they had received IVIG or albumin. Finally, 56 patients were enrolled in the study. |
| Cohort No. | 56 Patients and 100 and 100 Control |
| Age Group | None |
| P Value | p<0.001 |
| Sensitivity | 0.13 |
| Specificity | 0.939 |
| Positive Predictive Value | None |
| MIC | None |
| Fold Change | None |
| Pathway | None |
| Disease Introduction Mechanism | Candida species account for approximately 10% of blood- stream infections (BSI) in intensive care units (ICUs) and are associated with a crude in-hospital mortality rate of 30%. Because a delay in the initiation of antimycotic therapy is associated with increased mortality, timely diagnosis is of utmost importance. While blood cultures are still regarded as the gold standard for diagnosis of candidemia, it takes about 2 days to obtain a positive result, and sensitivity can be as low as 50%. With these limitations of culture-based Candida detection, it is quite evident that faster and more sensitive techniques are required. |
| Technique | Immunological assay |
| Analysis Method | Cand-Tec latex agglutination test |
| ELISA kits | None |
| Assay Data | FDA- Fungitell®, Cape Cod International, Inc.; Falmounth, MA, USA |
| Validation Techniques used | Cand-Tec latex agglutination test |
| Up Regulation Down Regulation | Positive |
| Sequence Data | None |
| External Link | None |
