Browse result page of PRRDB 2.0

PRRIDName of LigandSource of ligandSequence of LigandLength of Ligand Type of Ligand OccurenceRole of LigandName of ReceptorType of ReeptorSource of the ReceptorLocalizationDomainSequence of ReceptorSwiss prot IDLength of receptorFunction of ReceptorAssay usedPMIDYear of publicationPubchem assay
PRRID_0074Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPeptidoglycan recognition by TLR 2 leads to the activation of NF-KB, which leads to the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanFibroblastsLRRO60603.fastaO60603784TLR2 is responsible for recognzing the cell wall components of the gram-positive bacteria and induces the respective immune response.EMSA103840901999Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0074Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPeptidoglycan recognition by TLR 2 leads to the activation of NF-KB, which leads to the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanFibroblastsLRRO60603.fastaO60603784TLR2 is responsible for recognzing the cell wall components of the gram-positive bacteria and induces the respective immune response.EMSA103840901999Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0089Murabutide

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MDP (others)CCCCOC(=O)C(CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(C)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NC(=O)CNAPeptidoglycanSyntheticStimulation with murabutide leads to the significant release of TNF-a, IL-6, MIP-1a, MIP-1b, RANTES and high levels of beta-chemokines.NANAHumanMonocytes-derived macrophages and dendritic cellsNANANANAMurabutide has the capacity to enhance nonspecific resistance against viral infections and to target cells of the reticuloendothelial system.ELISA109336862000NA
PRRID_0089Murabutide

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MDP (others)CCCCOC(=O)C(CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(C)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NC(=O)CNAPeptidoglycanSyntheticStimulation with murabutide leads to the significant release of TNF-a, IL-6, MIP-1a, MIP-1b, RANTES and high levels of beta-chemokines.NANAHumanMonocytes-derived macrophages and dendritic cellsNANANANAMurabutide has the capacity to enhance nonspecific resistance against viral infections and to target cells of the reticuloendothelial system.ELISA109336862000NA
PRRID_0181Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-κB and TNF-α through TLR2Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 1 (Nod1)NOD-like receptor (NLR)HumanHEK293T (human embryonic kidney 293T cells)NAQ9Y239.fastaQ9Y239953play key roles in regulation of innate immune response. NLRs can cooperate with Toll-like receptors and regulate inflammatory and apoptotic response.NA128719422003Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0181Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-κB and TNF-α through TLR2Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 1 (Nod1)NOD-like receptor (NLR)HumanHEK293T (human embryonic kidney 293T cells)NAQ9Y239.fastaQ9Y239953play key roles in regulation of innate immune response. NLRs can cooperate with Toll-like receptors and regulate inflammatory and apoptotic response.NA128719422003Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0226Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-κB and TNF-α through TLR2Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocytic cell lineextracellular leucine-rich mo- tifs, and a cytoplasmic domain called the Toll/IL-1R homology domainNANANATLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.ELISA156619172005NA
PRRID_0226Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-κB and TNF-α through TLR2Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocytic cell lineextracellular leucine-rich mo- tifs, and a cytoplasmic domain called the Toll/IL-1R homology domainNANANATLR2 is involved in the specific recognition of a wide range of ligands, either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with TLR1 or TLR6.ELISA156619172005NA
PRRID_0329Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPGN binds to vitellogenin with high affinity.VitellogeninPhospholipoglycoproteinHexagrammos otakiiMacropahesNANANANAVg is involved in anti-infectious response, functions as an opsonin that can enhance macrophage phagocytosis.ELISA183984662008NA
PRRID_0329Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPGN binds to vitellogenin with high affinity.VitellogeninPhospholipoglycoproteinHexagrammos otakiiMacropahesNANANANAVg is involved in anti-infectious response, functions as an opsonin that can enhance macrophage phagocytosis.ELISA183984662008NA
PRRID_0330Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalBbFREP can specifically bind PGN.BbFREPMultivalent Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)Amphioxus (Branchiostoma belcheri)hepatic caecumfibrinogen-like (FBG) domainNANANAIt leads to the bacteriolytic activity via interaction with PGN.ELISA185332662008NA
PRRID_0330Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalBbFREP can specifically bind PGN.BbFREPMultivalent Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)Amphioxus (Branchiostoma belcheri)hepatic caecumfibrinogen-like (FBG) domainNANANAIt leads to the bacteriolytic activity via interaction with PGN.ELISA185332662008NA
PRRID_0331Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalIt leads to the increased p38 MAPK activity and produce antimicrobial peptide β-defensin-2 (mBD-2).Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)Pleural mesothelial cellsNAQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784PGN-activated PMC-derived mBD-2 significantly killed Staphylococcus aureus.Antimicrobial assay186219102008Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0331Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalIt leads to the increased p38 MAPK activity and produce antimicrobial peptide β-defensin-2 (mBD-2).Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)Pleural mesothelial cellsNAQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784PGN-activated PMC-derived mBD-2 significantly killed Staphylococcus aureus.Antimicrobial assay186219102008Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0332Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPGN stimulation leads to the activation of phospholipase CToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceMacrophages and Dendritic cellsNAQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784It has the role in immuno inflammation.ELISA182339612008Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0332Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPGN stimulation leads to the activation of phospholipase CToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceMacrophages and Dendritic cellsNAQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784It has the role in immuno inflammation.ELISA182339612008Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0376Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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S. gordonii (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalStimulation elicits the production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-6.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)Bone-marrow derived Dendritic cellsLRRQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784This activation can be attributed to multiple immunostimulatory components present within S. gordonii bacterial cells.ELISA192845002009Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0376Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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S. gordonii (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalStimulation elicits the production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-6.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)Bone-marrow derived Dendritic cellsLRRQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784This activation can be attributed to multiple immunostimulatory components present within S. gordonii bacterial cells.ELISA192845002009Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0459Derivatives of peptidoglycans

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Legionella pneumophila (Bacteria)NANAPeptidoglycanNaturalThe interaction leads to the secretion system that facilitates the delivery of bacterial proteins into the host cell cytoplasm(dot/Icm/TFSS)Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 1 (Nod1)NOD-like receptor (NLR)Mice (Murine)Aveolar macrphagesNAQ8BHB0.fastaQ8BHB0953It leads to the strong neutrophil infiltartion in the infected mice lungsNA206853412010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0459Derivatives of peptidoglycans

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Legionella pneumophila (Bacteria)NANAPeptidoglycanNaturalThe interaction leads to the secretion system that facilitates the delivery of bacterial proteins into the host cell cytoplasm(dot/Icm/TFSS)Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 1 (Nod1)NOD-like receptor (NLR)Mice (Murine)Aveolar macrphagesNAQ8BHB0.fastaQ8BHB0953It leads to the strong neutrophil infiltartion in the infected mice lungsNA206853412010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0460Derivatives of peptidoglycans

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Legionella pneumophila (Bacteria)NANAPeptidoglycanNaturalThe interaction leads to the secretion system that facilitates the delivery of bacterial proteins into the host cell cytoplasm(dot/Icm/TFSS)Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)NOD-like receptor (NLR)Mice (Murine)Aveolar macrphagesNAQ8K3Z0.fastaQ8K3Z01020It leads to the strong neutrophil infiltartion in the infected mice lungsNA206853412010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0460Derivatives of peptidoglycans

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Legionella pneumophila (Bacteria)NANAPeptidoglycanNaturalThe interaction leads to the secretion system that facilitates the delivery of bacterial proteins into the host cell cytoplasm(dot/Icm/TFSS)Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)NOD-like receptor (NLR)Mice (Murine)Aveolar macrphagesNAQ8K3Z0.fastaQ8K3Z01020It leads to the strong neutrophil infiltartion in the infected mice lungsNA206853412010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0650Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalTheir binding to the TLR2 leads to the activation of the downstream signallingToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)C57/BL Mice cell lineNALeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO53505.fastaO53505227maturation of the Dendritic cellsNA207953862010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0650Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalTheir binding to the TLR2 leads to the activation of the downstream signallingToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)C57/BL Mice cell lineNALeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO53505.fastaO53505227maturation of the Dendritic cellsNA207953862010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0669Lys-type PGN

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalNAPGRP-S1Peptidoglycan Recognition Receptor (PGRPs)Chlamys farrerimantle, gill, kidney and gonadNAQ9VYX7.fastaQ9VYX7203It leads to the degradation of PGN, induction of phagocytosis and activation of prophenoloxidase (proPO) systemNA207131002010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0669Lys-type PGN

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalNAPGRP-S1Peptidoglycan Recognition Receptor (PGRPs)Chlamys farrerimantle, gill, kidney and gonadNAQ9VYX7.fastaQ9VYX7203It leads to the degradation of PGN, induction of phagocytosis and activation of prophenoloxidase (proPO) systemNA207131002010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0678meso-diaminopimelic Dap-type PGN

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Gram-positive bacteriaNANAPeptidoglycanNaturalNAPGRP-S1Peptidoglycan Recognition Receptor (PGRPs)Chlamys farrerimantle, gill, kidney and gonadNAQ9VYX7.fastaQ9VYX7203It leads to the degradation of PGN, induction of phagocytosis and activation of prophenoloxidase (proPO) systemNA207131002010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0678meso-diaminopimelic Dap-type PGN

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Gram-positive bacteriaNANAPeptidoglycanNaturalNAPGRP-S1Peptidoglycan Recognition Receptor (PGRPs)Chlamys farrerimantle, gill, kidney and gonadNAQ9VYX7.fastaQ9VYX7203It leads to the degradation of PGN, induction of phagocytosis and activation of prophenoloxidase (proPO) systemNA207131002010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0722Pam2Cys

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B. burgdorferi(Bacteria)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CSCC(C(=O)O)N)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNAPeptidoglycanSyntheticInduction of protective immunity correlated with the development of Abs against an epitope on the C-terminus of OspAToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humandendritic cells, macrophages and lymphocytesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784It has the role in the inflammation.NA207131002010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0722Pam2Cys

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B. burgdorferi(Bacteria)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CSCC(C(=O)O)N)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNAPeptidoglycanSyntheticInduction of protective immunity correlated with the development of Abs against an epitope on the C-terminus of OspAToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humandendritic cells, macrophages and lymphocytesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784It has the role in the inflammation.NA207131002010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0725Pam3Cys

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Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (others)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONAPeptidoglycanSyntheticVaccine targeting malariaToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humandendritic cells, macrophages and lymphocytesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784It has the role in the inflammation.NA207131002010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0725Pam3Cys

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Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (others)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONAPeptidoglycanSyntheticVaccine targeting malariaToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humandendritic cells, macrophages and lymphocytesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784It has the role in the inflammation.NA207131002010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0726Pam3CysSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONAPeptidoglycanSyntheticNAToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)CNSNALeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainNANANAIt causes neurodegenerationNA207066422010NA
PRRID_0726Pam3CysSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONAPeptidoglycanSyntheticNAToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)CNSNALeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainNANANAIt causes neurodegenerationNA207066422010NA
PRRID_0727Pam3CysSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONAPeptidoglycanSyntheticNAToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)MacropahgesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784Helps in IgM production and clear pathogen from bloodNA206968242010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0727Pam3CysSK4

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONAPeptidoglycanSyntheticNAToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)MacropahgesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784Helps in IgM production and clear pathogen from bloodNA206968242010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0728Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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BacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalOn binding to the receptor it leads to the release of an array of cytokinesToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)P815 cellsNALeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784Immunostimulation and inflammationNA207985182010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0728Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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BacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalOn binding to the receptor it leads to the release of an array of cytokinesToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)P815 cellsNALeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784Immunostimulation and inflammationNA207985182010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0729Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Escherichia coli, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalActivates NF-KB which results in the processing and release of the proinfl ammatory cytokines IL-1β, which results into pathogen clearance and sepsis resistanceNucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 1 (Nod1)NOD-like receptor (NLR)HumanNANAQ9Y239.fastaQ9Y239953It results into pathogen clearance and sepsis resistanceNA207403412010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0729Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Escherichia coli, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalActivates NF-KB which results in the processing and release of the proinfl ammatory cytokines IL-1β, which results into pathogen clearance and sepsis resistanceNucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 1 (Nod1)NOD-like receptor (NLR)HumanNANAQ9Y239.fastaQ9Y239953It results into pathogen clearance and sepsis resistanceNA207403412010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0730Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPeptidoglycan is the potent activator of the TLR2Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)stage 3-4 CKD and HD patientsCD14+ MonocytesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784It has the role in the inflammation.NA207292662010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0730Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPeptidoglycan is the potent activator of the TLR2Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)stage 3-4 CKD and HD patientsCD14+ MonocytesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784It has the role in the inflammation.NA207292662010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0731Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalNAToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humandendritic cells, macrophages and lymphocytesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784NANA207131002010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0731Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalNAToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humandendritic cells, macrophages and lymphocytesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784NANA207131002010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0732Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalNAToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceMicrogliaLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784It boosted the ingestion of Alzheimer’s disease neurotoxic Amyloid β (Aβ) protein in vitroNA207066422010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0732Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalNAToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceMicrogliaLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784It boosted the ingestion of Alzheimer’s disease neurotoxic Amyloid β (Aβ) protein in vitroNA207066422010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0733Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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E. coli K12(Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalNANucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)NOD-like receptor (NLR)Mice (Murine)MacropahgesNAQ8K3Z0.fastaQ8K3Z01020NANA206968242010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0733Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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E. coli K12(Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalNANucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)NOD-like receptor (NLR)Mice (Murine)MacropahgesNAQ8K3Z0.fastaQ8K3Z01020NANA206968242010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0734Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPGN binds to the LGBP and induce innate immunityLipopolysaccharide and b-1, 3-glucan binding protein (LGBP)Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)Chlamys farreriHemocytes, gills and mantleNANANANAIt is involved in pathogens recognition and bacterial agglutination.NA206595622010NA
PRRID_0734Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPGN binds to the LGBP and induce innate immunityLipopolysaccharide and b-1, 3-glucan binding protein (LGBP)Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)Chlamys farreriHemocytes, gills and mantleNANANANAIt is involved in pathogens recognition and bacterial agglutination.NA206595622010NA
PRRID_0735Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalUpon recogniton by the TLR, it induces induces the recruitment of adaptor proteins MyD88,/TIRAP and aloow the rerutiment of downstream effectorToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanCell surfaceLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784It leadsto the secretion of the proinfalmmatory cytokinesNA206201292010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0735Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalUpon recogniton by the TLR, it induces induces the recruitment of adaptor proteins MyD88,/TIRAP and aloow the rerutiment of downstream effectorToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanCell surfaceLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784It leadsto the secretion of the proinfalmmatory cytokinesNA206201292010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0736Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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streptomyces species (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalIt's binding induces the production of IL6, IL8, MMP3 and MMP1Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanFibroblast Like Synoviocytes (FLS)Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784It has a role in the pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis and cartilage destructionELISA205711652010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0736Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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streptomyces species (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalIt's binding induces the production of IL6, IL8, MMP3 and MMP1Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanFibroblast Like Synoviocytes (FLS)Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784It has a role in the pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis and cartilage destructionELISA205711652010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0737Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPGN induced iNOS, COX-2 and proinflammatory cytokine expression was mediated through the TLR2/MyD88/PI3-kinase/AKT pathway, which in turn initiates IKKα/β and NF-κB.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)Microglial cellsLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784It enhances proinflammatory cytokine expressionTransfection and reporter gene assay204516692010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0737Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPGN induced iNOS, COX-2 and proinflammatory cytokine expression was mediated through the TLR2/MyD88/PI3-kinase/AKT pathway, which in turn initiates IKKα/β and NF-κB.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)Microglial cellsLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784It enhances proinflammatory cytokine expressionTransfection and reporter gene assay204516692010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0738Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Borrelia burgdorferi(Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPeptidoglycans are recognized by active NOD2 molecules and the adaptor molecule RICK is recruited, which ultimately leads to activation of NF-kB and transcription of cytokinesNucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)NOD-like receptor (NLR)MicePBMCsNAQ8K3Z0.fastaQ8K3Z01020It aids in the induction of inflammtory reaction against Borrelia burgdorferiELISA204415182010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0738Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Borrelia burgdorferi(Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPeptidoglycans are recognized by active NOD2 molecules and the adaptor molecule RICK is recruited, which ultimately leads to activation of NF-kB and transcription of cytokinesNucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)NOD-like receptor (NLR)MicePBMCsNAQ8K3Z0.fastaQ8K3Z01020It aids in the induction of inflammtory reaction against Borrelia burgdorferiELISA204415182010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0739Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Borrelia burgdorferi(Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPeptidoglycans are recognized by active NOD2 molecules and the adaptor molecule RICK is recruited, which ultimately leads to activation of NF-kB and transcription of cytokinesNucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)NOD-like receptor (NLR)HumanPBMCsNAQ9HC29.fastaQ9HC291040It aids in the induction of inflammtory reaction against Borrelia burgdorferiELISA204415182010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0739Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Borrelia burgdorferi(Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPeptidoglycans are recognized by active NOD2 molecules and the adaptor molecule RICK is recruited, which ultimately leads to activation of NF-kB and transcription of cytokinesNucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)NOD-like receptor (NLR)HumanPBMCsNAQ9HC29.fastaQ9HC291040It aids in the induction of inflammtory reaction against Borrelia burgdorferiELISA204415182010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0740Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-negative bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanSyntheticIt mediates the effect through a TLR2/PI3K/Aktdependent mechanism.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceHeartLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784It induces induce cardioprotection against ischaemia/reperfusion injuryEMSA204213492010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0740Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-negative bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanSyntheticIt mediates the effect through a TLR2/PI3K/Aktdependent mechanism.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceHeartLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784It induces induce cardioprotection against ischaemia/reperfusion injuryEMSA204213492010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0741Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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BacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalIt is the responsive PAMP for the FcLec5FcLec5C type Lectin (CTL/CLR)Fenneropenaeus chinensishepatopancreasCRDNANANAIt elicit the immune response, which leads to the clearance of bacteriaELISA203493232010NA
PRRID_0741Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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BacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalIt is the responsive PAMP for the FcLec5FcLec5C type Lectin (CTL/CLR)Fenneropenaeus chinensishepatopancreasCRDNANANAIt elicit the immune response, which leads to the clearance of bacteriaELISA203493232010NA
PRRID_0742Pam3Cys

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B. burgdorferi(Bacteria)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONAPeptidoglycanSyntheticInduction of protective immunity correlated with the development of Abs against an epitope on the C-terminus of OspAToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humandendritic cells, macrophages and lymphocytesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784It has the role in the inflammation.NA207131002010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0742Pam3Cys

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B. burgdorferi(Bacteria)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CSCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)ONAPeptidoglycanSyntheticInduction of protective immunity correlated with the development of Abs against an epitope on the C-terminus of OspAToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humandendritic cells, macrophages and lymphocytesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784It has the role in the inflammation.NA207131002010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0743Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Vibrio anguillarum and Micrococcus lysodeikticus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalNAPGRP-S1Peptidoglycan Recognition Receptor (PGRPs)Chlamys farrerimantle, gill, kidney and gonadNAQ9VYX7.fastaQ9VYX7203It leads to the degradation of PGN, induction of phagocytosis and activation of prophenoloxidase (proPO) systemELISA207131002010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0743Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Vibrio anguillarum and Micrococcus lysodeikticus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalNAPGRP-S1Peptidoglycan Recognition Receptor (PGRPs)Chlamys farrerimantle, gill, kidney and gonadNAQ9VYX7.fastaQ9VYX7203It leads to the degradation of PGN, induction of phagocytosis and activation of prophenoloxidase (proPO) systemELISA207131002010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0745Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalAugment cytokines and chemokines expression and promoting enhanced PMN transalveolar migration and exaggerated lung inflammation in response to invading pathogensToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceLung's endothelial cellLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784It has the role in the inflammation.NA207066582010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0745Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalAugment cytokines and chemokines expression and promoting enhanced PMN transalveolar migration and exaggerated lung inflammation in response to invading pathogensToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceLung's endothelial cellLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784It has the role in the inflammation.NA207066582010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0746PGNmonomer

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalIt initiates the activation of NF-Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)NOD-like receptor (NLR)Mice (Murine)NANAQ8K3Z0.fastaQ8K3Z01020It act as potent costimulator of the innate immune system in the presence of TLR signalsLuciferase assay205227862010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0746PGNmonomer

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalIt initiates the activation of NF-Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)NOD-like receptor (NLR)Mice (Murine)NANAQ8K3Z0.fastaQ8K3Z01020It act as potent costimulator of the innate immune system in the presence of TLR signalsLuciferase assay205227862010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0747PGNpolymer

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalIt initiates the activation of NF-Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceHEK293Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784It induced murine dendritic cell (DC) maturation and cytokine production.Luciferase assay205227862010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0747PGNpolymer

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S. aureus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalIt initiates the activation of NF-Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceHEK293Leucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784It induced murine dendritic cell (DC) maturation and cytokine production.Luciferase assay205227862010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0946Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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BacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanMyeloid cells, T cells, microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neuronsNAO60603.fastaO60603784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses NA219825582011Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0946Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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BacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanMyeloid cells, T cells, microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neuronsNAO60603.fastaO60603784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses NA219825582011Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0947Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)NANANANANANAsignificant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses NA219554432011NA
PRRID_0947Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)NANANANANANAsignificant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses NA219554432011NA
PRRID_1115Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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BacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)TRIF mutant (C57BL/6J-Ticam1Lps2) micebone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) culture Toll/IL-1R (TIR) domainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses Quantitative Real Time PCR, Cell Viability Assays, Immunoblot and Immunoprecipitations240195322013Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1115Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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BacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)TRIF mutant (C57BL/6J-Ticam1Lps2) micebone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) culture Toll/IL-1R (TIR) domainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses Quantitative Real Time PCR, Cell Viability Assays, Immunoblot and Immunoprecipitations240195322013Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1116Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humantestis, epididymis, vasa deferens, prostate and prepuceNAO60603.fastaO60603784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses RT-PCR, Quantitative real-time PCR239982722013Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1116Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humantestis, epididymis, vasa deferens, prostate and prepuceNAO60603.fastaO60603784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses RT-PCR, Quantitative real-time PCR239982722013Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1117Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Staphylococcus staphylolyticus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalelicit innate immune responsePcLec5C type Lectin (CTL/CLR)red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)hepatopancreas, gills and intestinecarbohydrate recognition domain (CRD)NANANAplay important roles in the innate immune system of crustaceansELISA239890402013NA
PRRID_1117Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Staphylococcus staphylolyticus (Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalelicit innate immune responsePcLec5C type Lectin (CTL/CLR)red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)hepatopancreas, gills and intestinecarbohydrate recognition domain (CRD)NANANAplay important roles in the innate immune system of crustaceansELISA239890402013NA
PRRID_1118Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Treponema maltophilum (others)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPlay an important role in infectious inflammatory responses.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, DCs, B-lymphocytesextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifs NANANAsignificant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses NA239853022013NA
PRRID_1118Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Treponema maltophilum (others)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPlay an important role in infectious inflammatory responses.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, DCs, B-lymphocytesextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifs NANANAsignificant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses NA239853022013NA
PRRID_1119Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, DCs, B-lymphocytesextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifs Q9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses NA239853022013Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1119Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, DCs, B-lymphocytesextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifs Q9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses NA239853022013Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1120Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Bacillus subtilis(Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanHEK293 cellsNAO60603.fastaO60603784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses NF-240985082013Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1120Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Bacillus subtilis(Bacteria)CC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanHEK293 cellsNAO60603.fastaO60603784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses NF-240985082013Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1465Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalNArAi- FREP-2Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)NANANANANANANANA246806672014NA
PRRID_1465Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalNArAi- FREP-2Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)NANANANANANANANA246806672014NA
PRRID_1468Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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BacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalNAERGIC-53Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)NANANANANANANANA247968682014NA
PRRID_1468Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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BacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalNAERGIC-53Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)NANANANANANANANA247968682014NA
PRRID_1492muramyl dipeptide (MDP)

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Gram-positive and negative bacteriaCC(C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N)NC(=O)C(C)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NC(=O)CNAPeptidoglycanNaturalleads to cytokine activation, especially IL-1α and IL-1β.Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)NOD-like receptor (NLR)Humanperipheral mononuclear cells and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs) from CD pateintsintracellular receptorsQ9HC29.fastaQ9HC291040Innate immune responses mediated by NOD2, including production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides, as well as induction of autophagy, are thought to have a central role in the pathogenesis of CD and these processes are impaired in patients homozygous for NOD2 mutationsELISA247810502014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1492muramyl dipeptide (MDP)

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Gram-positive and negative bacteriaCC(C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N)NC(=O)C(C)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NC(=O)CNAPeptidoglycanNaturalleads to cytokine activation, especially IL-1α and IL-1β.Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 (Nod2)NOD-like receptor (NLR)Humanperipheral mononuclear cells and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs) from CD pateintsintracellular receptorsQ9HC29.fastaQ9HC291040Innate immune responses mediated by NOD2, including production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides, as well as induction of autophagy, are thought to have a central role in the pathogenesis of CD and these processes are impaired in patients homozygous for NOD2 mutationsELISA247810502014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1509Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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BacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalNAVIP36Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)NANANANANANANANA247968682014NA
PRRID_1509Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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BacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalNAVIP36Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)NANANANANANANANA247968682014NA
PRRID_1535Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-κB and TNF-α through TLR2Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 1 (Nod1)NOD-like receptor (NLR)Humanlymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and also in nonimmune cells, for example in epitheliumIntracellular receptorsQ9Y239.fastaQ9Y239953play key roles in regulation of innate immune response. NLRs can cooperate with Toll-like receptors and regulate inflammatory and apoptotic response.NA248291462014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1535Peptidoglycan (PGN)

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Gram-positive bacteriaCC(C(=O)O)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NNAPeptidoglycanNaturalPGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-κB and TNF-α through TLR2Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 1 (Nod1)NOD-like receptor (NLR)Humanlymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and also in nonimmune cells, for example in epitheliumIntracellular receptorsQ9Y239.fastaQ9Y239953play key roles in regulation of innate immune response. NLRs can cooperate with Toll-like receptors and regulate inflammatory and apoptotic response.NA248291462014Pubchem_assay