Browse result page of PRRDB 2.0

PRRIDName of LigandSource of ligandSequence of LigandLength of Ligand Type of Ligand OccurenceRole of LigandName of ReceptorType of ReeptorSource of the ReceptorLocalizationDomainSequence of ReceptorSwiss prot IDLength of receptorFunction of ReceptorAssay usedPMIDYear of publicationPubchem assay
PRRID_0087Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanMacrophagesNAQ9Y2C9.fastaQ9Y2C9796production of pro-inflammatory cytokines ELISA110957402000Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0087Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanMacrophagesNAQ9Y2C9.fastaQ9Y2C9796production of pro-inflammatory cytokines ELISA110957402000Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0088Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanMacrophagesNAO60603.fastaO60603784production of pro-inflammatory cytokines ELISA110957402000Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0088Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanMacrophagesNAO60603.fastaO60603784production of pro-inflammatory cytokines ELISA110957402000Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0259Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)BALB/c and C57BL/6 miceSpleen cellsToll- IL-1R domainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityNA174043012007Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0259Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)BALB/c and C57BL/6 miceSpleen cellsToll- IL-1R domainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityNA174043012007Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0315Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalLTA binds to vitellogenin with high affinity.VitellogeninPhospholipoglycoproteinHexagrammos otakiiMacropahesNANANANAVg is involved in anti-infectious response, functions as an opsonin that can enhance macrophage phagocytosis.ELISA183984662008NA
PRRID_0315Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalLTA binds to vitellogenin with high affinity.VitellogeninPhospholipoglycoproteinHexagrammos otakiiMacropahesNANANANAVg is involved in anti-infectious response, functions as an opsonin that can enhance macrophage phagocytosis.ELISA183984662008NA
PRRID_0316Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Bacillus subtilis(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalLTA-treated LEC increases the expression of E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, moreover it induces the expression of CCL2, CCL5, and CCL20 (Cys-Cys motif chemokines) and of CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL5, CXCL6, and CXCL8 (Cys-X-Cys motif chemokines).Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanCultured human lymphatic endothelium (LEC)LRRO60603.fastaO60603784It has a immunostimulatory roleELISA185238072008Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0316Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Bacillus subtilis(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalLTA-treated LEC increases the expression of E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, moreover it induces the expression of CCL2, CCL5, and CCL20 (Cys-Cys motif chemokines) and of CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL5, CXCL6, and CXCL8 (Cys-X-Cys motif chemokines).Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanCultured human lymphatic endothelium (LEC)LRRO60603.fastaO60603784It has a immunostimulatory roleELISA185238072008Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0317Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalBbFREP can specifically bind LTA.BbFREPMultivalent Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)Amphioxus (Branchiostoma belcheri)hepatic caecumfibrinogen-like (FBG) domainNANANAIt leads to the bacteriolytic activity via interaction with LTA.ELISA185332662008NA
PRRID_0317Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalBbFREP can specifically bind LTA.BbFREPMultivalent Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)Amphioxus (Branchiostoma belcheri)hepatic caecumfibrinogen-like (FBG) domainNANANAIt leads to the bacteriolytic activity via interaction with LTA.ELISA185332662008NA
PRRID_0318Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Enterococcus faecalis (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalUpon exposure to E. faecalis LTA, it produces a high level of tumor necrosis factor-⍺ (TNF-⍺) and nitric oxide (NO).Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)RAW 264.7NAQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784LTA contributes to E. faecalis–induced inflammatory responses.ELISA186349302008Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0318Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Enterococcus faecalis (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalUpon exposure to E. faecalis LTA, it produces a high level of tumor necrosis factor-⍺ (TNF-⍺) and nitric oxide (NO).Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)RAW 264.7NAQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784LTA contributes to E. faecalis–induced inflammatory responses.ELISA186349302008Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0319Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalLTA induces the Stat1 and Stat3 activation via induction of IRF1/2 and interferon-α production.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceMacropahgesNAQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784It resulted in the antibacterial response.ELISA186528902008Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0319Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalLTA induces the Stat1 and Stat3 activation via induction of IRF1/2 and interferon-α production.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)MiceMacropahgesNAQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784It resulted in the antibacterial response.ELISA186528902008Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0371Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalIt induces the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and CXCL8.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanOdontoblastsLRRO60603.fastaO60603784It has inflammatory/immune response agianst gram-positive bacteria.ELISA192507042009Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0371Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalIt induces the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and CXCL8.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanOdontoblastsLRRO60603.fastaO60603784It has inflammatory/immune response agianst gram-positive bacteria.ELISA192507042009Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0372Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalIt induces the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and CXCL8.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanDental pulp fibroblastsLRRO60603.fastaO60603784It has inflammatory/immune response agianst gram-positive bacteria.ELISA192507042009Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0372Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalIt induces the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and CXCL8.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanDental pulp fibroblastsLRRO60603.fastaO60603784It has inflammatory/immune response agianst gram-positive bacteria.ELISA192507042009Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0373Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalIt induces the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and CXCL8.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanImmature dendritic cellsLRRO60603.fastaO60603784It has inflammatory/immune response agianst gram-positive bacteria.ELISA192507042009Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0373Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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S. aureus (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalIt induces the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and CXCL8.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanImmature dendritic cellsLRRO60603.fastaO60603784It has inflammatory/immune response agianst gram-positive bacteria.ELISA192507042009Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0374Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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S. gordonii (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalStimulation elicits the production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-6.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)Bone-marrow derived Dendritic cellsLRRQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784This activation can be attributed to multiple immunostimulatory components present within S. gordonii bacterial cells.ELISA192845002009Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0374Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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S. gordonii (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalStimulation elicits the production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-6.Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Mice (Murine)Bone-marrow derived Dendritic cellsLRRQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784This activation can be attributed to multiple immunostimulatory components present within S. gordonii bacterial cells.ELISA192845002009Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0652Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CCCCCCCCCCC)CC(=O)OC1C(C(OC(C1OP(=O)(O)O)CO)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OP(=O)(O)O)NC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)O)OC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)O)O)NC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCNAAmphiphileNaturalActivates NF-KB and MAPK which lead to the production of cytokines as TNF and other proinflammatory proteinsToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6) dimerToll-like receptor (TLR)HumanNALeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainNANANAIt coauses the inflammationNA207403412010NA
PRRID_0652Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CCCCCCCCCCC)CC(=O)OC1C(C(OC(C1OP(=O)(O)O)CO)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OP(=O)(O)O)NC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)O)OC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)O)O)NC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCNAAmphiphileNaturalActivates NF-KB and MAPK which lead to the production of cytokines as TNF and other proinflammatory proteinsToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6) dimerToll-like receptor (TLR)HumanNALeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainNANANAIt coauses the inflammationNA207403412010NA
PRRID_0653Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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E. coli(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalPeptidoglycan is the potent activator of the TLR2Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)C57BL/6 MiceNALeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784Contributes to inflammatory responses induced by orthopaedic wear particles in cell culture and murine models of aseptic loosening of orthopaedic implantsNA207292142010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0653Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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E. coli(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalPeptidoglycan is the potent activator of the TLR2Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)C57BL/6 MiceNALeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784Contributes to inflammatory responses induced by orthopaedic wear particles in cell culture and murine models of aseptic loosening of orthopaedic implantsNA207292142010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0654Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Lactobacillus acidophilus, Prevotella melaninogenica, P. bivia and Mycobacterium smegmatis (BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalEnhanced HIV-1 expression in macrophagesToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanMacrophagesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784It leads to the clearance of the pathogen from the systemNA207199932010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0654Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Lactobacillus acidophilus, Prevotella melaninogenica, P. bivia and Mycobacterium smegmatis (BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalEnhanced HIV-1 expression in macrophagesToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanMacrophagesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784It leads to the clearance of the pathogen from the systemNA207199932010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0655Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalNAToll-like receptor 2 Arg753Gln (TLR-2 Arg753Gln)Toll-like receptor (TLR)FMF patientsmonocytes and granulocytesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainNANANAUpregulate inflammation in FMF patientsNA207147962010NA
PRRID_0655Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalNAToll-like receptor 2 Arg753Gln (TLR-2 Arg753Gln)Toll-like receptor (TLR)FMF patientsmonocytes and granulocytesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainNANANAUpregulate inflammation in FMF patientsNA207147962010NA
PRRID_0656Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalNAToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humandendritic cells, macrophages and lymphocytesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784NANA207131002010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0656Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalNAToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humandendritic cells, macrophages and lymphocytesLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784NANA207131002010Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0657Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Streptococcus (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalUpon recogniton by the TLR, it induces induces the recruitment of adaptor proteins MyD88,/TIRAP and aloow the rerutiment of downstream effectorToll-like receptor 2/6 (TLR2/6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanCell surfaceLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainNANANAIt leadsto the secretion of the proinfalmmatory cytokinesNA206201292010NA
PRRID_0657Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Streptococcus (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalUpon recogniton by the TLR, it induces induces the recruitment of adaptor proteins MyD88,/TIRAP and aloow the rerutiment of downstream effectorToll-like receptor 2/6 (TLR2/6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanCell surfaceLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainNANANAIt leadsto the secretion of the proinfalmmatory cytokinesNA206201292010NA
PRRID_0658Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Micrococcus luteus (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalNAGmCP9Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)Galleria mellonellahemolymphNANANANAIt has opsonin activity for the phagocytosis of the microorganisms by hemocytes.NA205195172010NA
PRRID_0658Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Micrococcus luteus (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalNAGmCP9Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)Galleria mellonellahemolymphNANANANAIt has opsonin activity for the phagocytosis of the microorganisms by hemocytes.NA205195172010NA
PRRID_0659Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalIt is the responsive PAMP for the FcLec5FcLec5C type Lectin (CTL/CLR)Fenneropenaeus chinensishepatopancreasCRDNANANAIt elicit the immune response, which leads to the clearance of bacteriaELISA203493232010NA
PRRID_0659Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalIt is the responsive PAMP for the FcLec5FcLec5C type Lectin (CTL/CLR)Fenneropenaeus chinensishepatopancreasCRDNANANAIt elicit the immune response, which leads to the clearance of bacteriaELISA203493232010NA
PRRID_0928Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanMyeloid cells, T cells, microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neuronsNAO60603.fastaO60603784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses NA219825582011Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0928Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanMyeloid cells, T cells, microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neuronsNAO60603.fastaO60603784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses NA219825582011Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0929Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanMyeloid cells, dendritic cells, microglia, astrocytesNAQ9Y2C9.fastaQ9Y2C9796significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses NA219825582011Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0929Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanMyeloid cells, dendritic cells, microglia, astrocytesNAQ9Y2C9.fastaQ9Y2C9796significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses NA219825582011Pubchem Assay
PRRID_0930Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)NANANANANANAplays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityNA219554432011NA
PRRID_0930Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)NANANANANANAplays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityNA219554432011NA
PRRID_0931Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)NANANANANANAsignificant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses NA219554432011NA
PRRID_0931Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)NANANANANANAsignificant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responses NA219554432011NA
PRRID_1102Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Staphylococcus staphylolyticus (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responsePcLec5C type Lectin (CTL/CLR)red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)hepatopancreas, gills and intestinecarbohydrate recognition domain (CRD)NANANAplay important roles in the innate immune system of crustaceansELISA239890402013NA
PRRID_1102Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Staphylococcus staphylolyticus (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responsePcLec5C type Lectin (CTL/CLR)red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)hepatopancreas, gills and intestinecarbohydrate recognition domain (CRD)NANANAplay important roles in the innate immune system of crustaceansELISA239890402013NA
PRRID_1103Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Streptococcus pyogenes (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalPPL is a glycoprotein with a lipoteichoic acid binding specificity and elicits the downstream cascade.Philyra pisum lectin (PPL)Mannose receptor (MR)Philyra pisumNANANANANAIt has antiproliferative effects on human cancer cellsHemagglutination inhibition assay243815052013NA
PRRID_1103Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Streptococcus pyogenes (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalPPL is a glycoprotein with a lipoteichoic acid binding specificity and elicits the downstream cascade.Philyra pisum lectin (PPL)Mannose receptor (MR)Philyra pisumNANANANANAIt has antiproliferative effects on human cancer cellsHemagglutination inhibition assay243815052013NA
PRRID_1438Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsCell Surface (Exogenous)NANANAsignificant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA248300242014NA
PRRID_1438Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsCell Surface (Exogenous)NANANAsignificant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA248300242014NA
PRRID_1439Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsCell Surface (Exogenous)NANANAsignificant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA248300242014NA
PRRID_1439Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsCell Surface (Exogenous)NANANAsignificant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA248300242014NA
PRRID_1440Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellscell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityreverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR), real-time RT–PCR, flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry and Western blot analysis.248280222014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1440Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellscell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityreverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR), real-time RT–PCR, flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry and Western blot analysis.248280222014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1441Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellscell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesHistological analyses, Real-time PCR analysis, Western blotting248156952014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1441Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellscell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesHistological analyses, Real-time PCR analysis, Western blotting248156952014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1442Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellscell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784Possible effect in case of stroke i.e Up-regulation of TLR2 mRNA correlates with severity of ischemiaNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1442Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellscell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784Possible effect in case of stroke i.e Up-regulation of TLR2 mRNA correlates with severity of ischemiaNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1443Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellscell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784Possible effect in case of stroke i.e Up-regulation of TLR2 mRNA correlates with severity of ischemiaNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1443Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellscell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784Possible effect in case of stroke i.e Up-regulation of TLR2 mRNA correlates with severity of ischemiaNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1444Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, mast cells and B-lymphocytescell surfaceQ9EPW9.fastaQ9EPW9795significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1444Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, mast cells and B-lymphocytescell surfaceQ9EPW9.fastaQ9EPW9795significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1445Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, mast cells and B-lymphocytescell surfaceQ9Y2C9.fastaQ9Y2C9796significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1445Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Gram-positive bacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 6 (TLR6)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, mast cells and B-lymphocytescell surfaceQ9Y2C9.fastaQ9Y2C9796significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA248071662014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1446Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Chickensplenocytescell surfaceQ9DD78.fastaQ9DD78793TLR2 and TLR5 promote cellular activation and the production of cytokines including proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-6, as well as those cytokines that help to initiate and modulate the adaptive immune response, including IL-4, IL-12, and interferon (IFN)-cELISA247977222014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1446Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Chickensplenocytescell surfaceQ9DD78.fastaQ9DD78793TLR2 and TLR5 promote cellular activation and the production of cytokines including proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-6, as well as those cytokines that help to initiate and modulate the adaptive immune response, including IL-4, IL-12, and interferon (IFN)-cELISA247977222014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1447Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Staphylococcus epidermidis (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micekeratinocytes and mouse skincell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247862232014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1447Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Staphylococcus epidermidis (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micekeratinocytes and mouse skincell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247862232014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1448Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Staphylococcus epidermidis (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humankeratinocytes and mouse skincell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247862232014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1448Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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Staphylococcus epidermidis (Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humankeratinocytes and mouse skincell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247862232014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1449Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Miceischemic brain tissuecell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247845862014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1449Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Miceischemic brain tissuecell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247845862014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1450Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanischemic brain tissuecell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247845862014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1450Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanischemic brain tissuecell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784important for inflammation in the skin following injuryNA247845862014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1451Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247718542014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1451Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247718542014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1452Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247718542014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1452Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247718542014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1453Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247713282014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1453Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247713282014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1454Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247713282014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1454Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria(Bacteria)C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophagescell surfaceO60603.fastaO60603784plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunityELISA247713282014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1455Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1455Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Micemonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsQ9QUN7.fastaQ9QUN7784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1456Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsO60603.fastaO60603784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1456Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)Humanmonocyte/macrophages, Myeloid DCs, neutrophils, Mast cellsextracellular domains of leucine-rich repeat motifsO60603.fastaO60603784significant role in the pathogenesis of severe inflammatory responsesNA247543202014Pubchem_assay
PRRID_1792Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CCCCCCCCCCC)CC(=O)OC1C(C(OC(C1OP(=O)(O)O)CO)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OP(=O)(O)O)NC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)O)OC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)O)O)NC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCNAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseMnCTLDcp2C type Lectin (CTL/CLR)NANANANANANANANA262087552016NA
PRRID_1792Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CCCCCCCCCCC)CC(=O)OC1C(C(OC(C1OP(=O)(O)O)CO)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OP(=O)(O)O)NC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)O)OC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)O)O)NC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCNAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseMnCTLDcp2C type Lectin (CTL/CLR)NANANANANANANANA262087552016NA
PRRID_1797Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CCCCCCCCCCC)CC(=O)OC1C(C(OC(C1OP(=O)(O)O)CO)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OP(=O)(O)O)NC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)O)OC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)O)O)NC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCNAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseMnCTLDcp3C type Lectin (CTL/CLR)NANANANANANANANA262087552016NA
PRRID_1797Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CCCCCCCCCCC)CC(=O)OC1C(C(OC(C1OP(=O)(O)O)CO)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OP(=O)(O)O)NC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)O)OC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)O)O)NC(=O)CC(CCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCNAAmphiphileNaturalelicit innate immune responseMnCTLDcp3C type Lectin (CTL/CLR)NANANANANANANANA262087552016NA
PRRID_2297Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalNFκB activation and cytokine productionToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanHuman embryonic kidney 293 (HERK 293 ) cellsLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784NANA290283692017Pubchem_assay
PRRID_2297Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalNFκB activation and cytokine productionToll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)Toll-like receptor (TLR)HumanHuman embryonic kidney 293 (HERK 293 ) cellsLeucine-rich Repeat (LRR) DomainO60603.fastaO60603784NANA290283692017Pubchem_assay
PRRID_2298Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalActivation of MjSRC.MjSRCScavenger receptor (SR)Marsupenaeus japonicusHemocytesCCP and MAM domains of MjSRCA0A1L2DC21.fastaA0A1L2DC21692phagocytosis of pathogenic microbes by macrophage and dendritic cellPolysacharides binding assay286026822017Pubchem_assay
PRRID_2298Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalActivation of MjSRC.MjSRCScavenger receptor (SR)Marsupenaeus japonicusHemocytesCCP and MAM domains of MjSRCA0A1L2DC21.fastaA0A1L2DC21692phagocytosis of pathogenic microbes by macrophage and dendritic cellPolysacharides binding assay286026822017Pubchem_assay
PRRID_2299Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalImmunostimulantBjLRPLow density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP)B. japonicumgill, muscle, notochord and testisLY-EGF-CRD- EGF-CRDNANANAphagocytosis of apoptotic cellsqRT-PCR284002712017NA
PRRID_2299Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)

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BacteriaC(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC(CO)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(COP(=O)(O)OCC(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)ONAAmphiphileNaturalImmunostimulantBjLRPLow density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP)B. japonicumgill, muscle, notochord and testisLY-EGF-CRD- EGF-CRDNANANAphagocytosis of apoptotic cellsqRT-PCR284002712017NA