| DB ID | MyCo_6594 |
| Title | Diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia: evaluation of four serologic biomarkers |
| Year | 2015 |
| PMID | 25630458 |
| Fungal Diseases involved | Pneumocystis pneumonia |
| Associated Medical Condition | None |
| Genus | Pneumocystis |
| Species | jirovecii |
| Organism | Pneumocystis jirovecii |
| Ethical Statement | The study had the approval of the Institutional Review Boards/Ethics Committees from the involved institutions. |
| Site of Infection | None |
| Opportunistic invasive | None |
| Sample type | Body fluid |
| Sample source | Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) |
| Host Group | Human |
| Host Common name | Human |
| Host Scientific name | Homo sapiens |
| Biomarker Name | BDG/KL-6 |
| Biomarker Full Name | 1-3-beta-D-Glucan/Krebs von den Lungen-6 antigen |
| Biomarker Type | Diagnostic |
| Biomolecule | Protein |
| Geographical Location | Portugal |
| Cohort | A total of 260 participants (185 from Portugal, 50 from The Netherlands and 25 from Spain) were included in this retrospective observational study. Specimens were collected between 2000 and 2013 for diagnostic purposes, before patients start their therapeutic regimens (criterion for inclusion). Pulmonary (78 bronchoalveolar lavage fluids - BAL and 67 induced sputa - IS) and serum specimens, were obtained from 145 patients (mean age: 40; range: four - 68 years, male to female sex ratio of 2.1:1), living in the Lisbon area, Portugal. Of these, 131 (90.3%) were HIV-positive and 14 (9.7%) HIV-negative (two patients with neoplasia, six organ recipients, two of which aged four-year old, and four patients with no available data to establish the cause of immunodeficiency). |
| Cohort No. | 260 |
| Age Group | 44-68 |
| P Value | p< 0.001 |
| Sensitivity | 0.943 |
| Specificity | 0.896 |
| Positive Predictive Value | 0.891 |
| MIC | None |
| Fold Change | None |
| Pathway | None |
| Disease Introduction Mechanism | In the European Economic Area and in the USA, Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP) is the most common AIDS-indicative disease diagnosed (25.4% and 23-31%, respectively). The rising numbers of immunocompromised HIV-negative patients susceptible to Pneumocystis jirovecii infection (receiving immunosuppressive therapies for malignancies, allogeneic bone marrow or solid organ transplantations or autoimmune diseases) are an emerging concern. |
| Technique | Assay |
| Analysis Method | Serology Based |
| ELISA kits | KL-6 antibody kit (Eisai Co., Japan), Lactate Dehydrogenase Assay Kit (BioVision, USA) , ELISA SAM antibody kit (EIAab Co., China) |
| Assay Data | FDA- Fungitell®, Cape Cod International, Inc.; Falmounth, MA, USA |
| Validation Techniques used | FDA approved Fungitell assay, KL-6 antibody, Lactate Dehydrogenase Assay, ELISA SAM antibody Assay |
| Up Regulation Down Regulation | Positive |
| Sequence Data | None |
| External Link | None |
