| DB ID | MyCo_5215 |
| Title | Integrating metabolomics and targeted gene expression to uncover potential biomarkers of fungal/oomycetes-associated disease susceptibility in grapevine |
| Year | 2020 |
| PMID | 32973337 |
| Fungal Diseases involved | Fungal/oomycetes associated disease |
| Associated Medical Condition | None |
| Genus | None |
| Species | None |
| Organism | None |
| Ethical Statement | None |
| Site of Infection | None |
| Opportunistic invasive | None |
| Sample type | Plant extracts |
| Sample source | Plant extracts |
| Host Group | Plant |
| Host Common name | Grapevine |
| Host Scientific name | Vitis vinifera |
| Biomarker Name | Leucocyanidin |
| Biomarker Full Name | Leucocyanidin |
| Biomarker Type | Diagnostic |
| Biomolecule | Metabolite |
| Geographical Location | Portugal |
| Cohort | Five wild Vitis species, one Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris (wild plants that grow into Portu- guese river basins) and five Vitis vinifera cultivars were investigated Established since 1988 and replicated to a new place in 2013 and 2014, according to maintenance conditions: established in homogeneous modern alluvial soils (lowlands) as well as well drained soil; rootstock of a unique variety (Selection Oppenheim 4–SO4) was used for all accessions including other Vitis species and other root- stocks represented in the field; each accession comes from one unique plant. CAN occupy nearly 2 ha of area and the climate of this region is temperate with dry and mild summer, in almost all regions of the northern mountain system Montejunto-Estrela and the regions of the west coast of Alentejo and ¬ Algarve . For plant material collection, the best possible health status was guaranteed for all accessions was confirmed: plants were tested for the principal grapevine fungal/oomycetes diseases as well as grapevine viruses (healthy genotypes and synonym accessions were planted in continuous line for didactic proposes); same trailing system (bilateral cordon, Royat), canopy maintenance and agricultural management. Three leaves (third to fifth from the shoot to apex) were harvested in each one of 7 plants of accession (biological replicate) and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80 °C until analysis. |
| Cohort No. | None |
| Age Group | None |
| P Value | None |
| Sensitivity | None |
| Specificity | None |
| Positive Predictive Value | None |
| MIC | None |
| Fold Change | None |
| Pathway | None |
| Disease Introduction Mechanism | Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most cultivated fruit plants in the world, with an important economic impact in wine and table grape industries. Of the 80 known and globally distributed Vitis ¬ species Vitis vinifera L. is the mostly used in viticulture. As a result of its easy cultivation, vineyards longevity and numerous applications, in 2018, the global surface area for grapevine production was 7.4 ¬ Mha. Grapevine cultivation requires preventive applications of agrochemicals to control several diseases, such as downy mildew [Plasmopara viticola (Berk. & Curt.) Berl. & de Toni) Beri, et de Toni], powdery mildew [(Erysiphe necator syn. Uncinula necator (Schweinf.) Burrill), gray mold (Botrytis cinerea Pers.) and black rot (Guignardia bidwellii (Ellis) Viala & Ravaz), that affect all the green parts of the plant and ¬ grapes. However, some chemical products are not entirely efficient, with major pathogen outbreaks being ¬ reported. Others are more efficient but have highly economic and environmental costs, besides the detrimental effects to human and animal ¬ health. Over the last decade, there has been an increasing demand for environmentally friendly agricultural practices. With the general recommendations of the European agricultural policy encouraging the reduction of pesticides towards environmental sustainability and consumer health improvement, alternatives are needed. One possible approach is the creation of more resistant grapevine varieties through cross-breeding programs between wild Vitis sp. (resistant) and V. vinifera (susceptible), combining resistant traits with highly desired and unique grape properties. Several crossing lines inbreed with American Vitis species are currently commercialized as partially resistant varieties to fungal pathogens, e.g. Regent, Calardis Blanc, ¬ Solaris. |
| Technique | Liquid chromatography |
| Analysis Method | Metabolomics Approach |
| ELISA kits | None |
| Assay Data | None |
| Validation Techniques used | Metabolomics Approach, FT‑ICR‑MS analysis, qPCR |
| Up Regulation Down Regulation | Positive |
| Sequence Data | None |
| External Link | None |
