| DB ID | MyCo_4863 |
| Title | Divergent neuroimmune signatures in the cerebrospinal fluid predict differential gender-specific survival among patients with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis |
| Year | 2023 |
| PMID | 38152404 |
| Fungal Diseases involved | Cryptococcal meningitis |
| Associated Medical Condition | HIV-AIDS |
| Genus | Cryptococcus |
| Species | neoformans |
| Organism | Cryptococcus neoformans |
| Ethical Statement | The studies involving humans were approved by Makerere University, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Healt Sciences, Higher Degrees Research, and Ethics Committee. The studies were conducted in accordance with the local legislation and institutional requirements. |
| Site of Infection | None |
| Opportunistic invasive | None |
| Sample type | Body fluid |
| Sample source | Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) |
| Host Group | Human |
| Host Common name | Human |
| Host Scientific name | Homo sapiens |
| Biomarker Name | CCL11 |
| Biomarker Full Name | CCL11 |
| Biomarker Type | Diagnostic |
| Biomolecule | Protein |
| Geographical Location | Uganda |
| Cohort | We considered baseline clinical features, CSF cryptococcal fungal burden, and CSF neuroimmune signatures with survival at 18 weeks among 419 consenting adults by“gender” (168 women and 251 men by biological sex de ned at birth). |
| Cohort No. | 419 |
| Age Group | None |
| P Value | p=0.001 |
| Sensitivity | None |
| Specificity | None |
| Positive Predictive Value | None |
| MIC | None |
| Fold Change | None |
| Pathway | None |
| Disease Introduction Mechanism | Co-infection with the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans remains an important contributor to death among people with advanced HIV/ AIDS worldwide, despite the use of antifungal medications. Mortality with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM) varies by location based on existing HIV prevalence. In Europe and North America, with the low prevalence of people with HIV, both the incidence and mortality rates of CM are lowest. In contrast, in low- and middle-income countries, especially in Africa, the prevalence, incidence, and mortality with both HIV and CM are high. In Uganda, Botswana, and South Africa, the 10-week mortality rates approach 50% even in closely monitored research settings, with deaths occurring within days to weeks and, sometimes, up to months after diagnosis. These observations emphasize the importance of characterizing early immune response as a possible intervention to control fungal infection in improving survival. |
| Technique | Immunological assay |
| Analysis Method | Luminex cytokine and chemokine immunophenotyping |
| ELISA kits | None |
| Assay Data | None |
| Validation Techniques used | Luminex cytokine and chemokine immunophenotyping |
| Up Regulation Down Regulation | Increase |
| Sequence Data | None |
| External Link | None |
