| DB ID | MyCo_3006 |
| Title | Beta-D-glucan detection as a diagnostic test for invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised critically ill patients with symptoms of respiratory infection: an autopsy-based study |
| Year | 2011 |
| PMID | 21880959 |
| Fungal Diseases involved | Invasive aspergillosis |
| Associated Medical Condition | Immunocompromised Critically Ill Patients with Symptoms of Respiratory Infection |
| Genus | Aspergillus |
| Species | spp. |
| Organism | Aspergillus spp. |
| Ethical Statement | The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of University Hospitals Leuven, and informed consents were obtained for all patients. |
| Site of Infection | None |
| Opportunistic invasive | Invasive |
| Sample type | Body fluid |
| Sample source | Serum |
| Host Group | Human |
| Host Common name | Human |
| Host Scientific name | Homo sapiens |
| Biomarker Name | BDG |
| Biomarker Full Name | 1-3-beta-D-Glucan |
| Biomarker Type | Diagnostic |
| Biomolecule | Protein |
| Geographical Location | Belgium |
| Cohort | A previous study compared the diagnostic value of detection of GM in BAL fluid with the detection of GM in serum samples in immunocompromised ICU patients at risk for IA. From July 2005 to December 2006, immunocompromised ICU patients with two additional clinical signs of fungal infection, such as fever, pulmonary infiltrate, or clinical respiratory symptoms, were included in this study. The study was performed in a 17-bed closed medical ICU. Host factors used as inclusion criteria in the original study were the following: (i) a hematologic malignancy, unless the patient had already been treated with antifungals for a presumed or proven IA; (ii) cancer and receipt of chemotherapy within the last 3 months before admission; (iii) receipt of a solid organ transplant; (iv) steroid use consisting of at least 4 mg methylprednisolone (or equivalent) a day for at least 7 days in the 3 weeks before admission or during the course of the ICU stay for at least 5 days or a cumulative dose of at least 250 mg of methylprednisolone (or equivalent) in the 3 months before enrollment; (v) receipt of any other immunosuppressive treatment (tacrolimus, cyclosporine, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, sirolimus); (vi) child class C cirrhosis; and (vii) HIV infection. Patients at risk for IA were eligible for inclusion when at least two additional clinical signs were present. Patients with other IFIs were excluded. Fourteen patients with IA and 33 patients who had no IFI were eligible for inclusion. Serum BG levels were significantly higher in patients with IA than patients without an IFI (P < 0.01). |
| Cohort No. | 14 Patients and 33 Control |
| Age Group | None |
| P Value | p<0.01 |
| Sensitivity | 0.857 |
| Specificity | 0.697 |
| Positive Predictive Value | 0.545 |
| MIC | None |
| Fold Change | None |
| Pathway | None |
| Disease Introduction Mechanism | The incidence of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) has markedly increased in recent decades. Despite development of new antifungal drugs, the mortality rate from IFIs remains high, particularly in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is the second most common IFI in immuno-compromised ICU patients. The prognosis of IA is poor; mortality rates up to 100% have been reported in mechanically ventilated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with IA, and in nonneutropenic critically ill patients with IA, rates up to 89% were published. A retrospective study in our medical ICU showed an observed mortality rate of 80% in patients suffering from IA, compared to a predicted mortality rate of 48%. |
| Technique | ELISA |
| Analysis Method | FDA approved Fungitell assay |
| ELISA kits | None |
| Assay Data | FDA approved Fungitell assay |
| Validation Techniques used | FDA approved Fungitell assay |
| Up Regulation Down Regulation | Increase |
| Sequence Data | None |
| External Link | None |
