| DB ID | MyCo_2029 |
| Title | Involvement of CD14, toll-like receptors 2 and 4, and MyD88 in the host response to the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans in vivo |
| Year | 2004 |
| PMID | 15322035 |
| Fungal Diseases involved | Cryptococcus neoformans infection |
| Associated Medical Condition | None |
| Genus | Cryptococcus |
| Species | neoformans |
| Organism | Cryptococcus neoformans |
| Ethical Statement | The study was approved by the Boston University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. |
| Site of Infection | None |
| Opportunistic invasive | None |
| Sample type | Body fluid |
| Sample source | Blood |
| Host Group | Animal |
| Host Common name | Mice |
| Host Scientific name | Mus musculus |
| Biomarker Name | TLR2 |
| Biomarker Full Name | Toll-Like Receptors 2 |
| Biomarker Type | Diagnostic |
| Biomolecule | Protein |
| Geographical Location | USA |
| Cohort | Specific-pathogen-free C57BL/6J wild-type mice were purchased from MyD88 / knockout mice were engineered as described and backcrossed at least five generations to a C57BL/6 background (22, 38, 52). The MyD88 / and TLR2 / mice were generously provided by Shizuo Akira (Osaka University, Osaka, Japan) via Douglas Golenbock (University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Mass.), and the CD14 / mice were kindly provided by Mason Freeman (Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.). C3H/HeJ and C3H/HeOuJ mice were purchased from the Jack-son Laboratory |
| Cohort No. | None |
| Age Group | None |
| P Value | None |
| Sensitivity | None |
| Specificity | None |
| Positive Predictive Value | None |
| MIC | None |
| Fold Change | None |
| Pathway | None |
| Disease Introduction Mechanism | Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast that can cause life-threatening infections in persons with defects in T- cell-mediated immunity, particularly those with AIDS. Expo- sure to C. neoformans is thought to most commonly occur by inhalation. If the infection is not controlled in the lungs, the organism can disseminate via the lymphatics and bloodstream. While any organ can be affected, C. neoformans has a predilection for invading the central nervous system, leading to meningoencephalitis (45). In mouse models, optimal defenses against pulmonary cryptococcosis require CD4 and CD8 T cells and a Th1 cytokine response . Protective roles fortumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- ), interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL 18, and gamma interferon (IFN- ) have been inferred based upon knockout mouse models and cytokine neutralization studies. |
| Technique | ELISA |
| Analysis Method | ELISA Based |
| ELISA kits | ELISA kits from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, Minn.) |
| Assay Data | None |
| Validation Techniques used | ELISA |
| Up Regulation Down Regulation | Positive |
| Sequence Data | None |
| External Link | None |
