PolysacDB: A comprehensive database of microbial polysaccharide antigens and their antibodies

PolysacDB: A comprehensive database of microbial polysaccharide antigens and their antibodies

Citation: Aithal A, Sharma A, Joshi S, Raghava GPS, Varshney GC (2012) PolysacDB: A Database of Microbial Polysaccharide Antigens and Their Antibodies. PLoS ONE 7(4): e34613. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0034613

Total Entries - 47
Entry No. - 1 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1001
Carbohydrate Name	Glucurunoxylomannan (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	A linear (1-->3)-linked mannan backbone singly substituted with nonreducing β(1-->2) xylose and β(1-->2) glucuronic acid side branches ; O-acetyl groups are present at C-6 of the mannosyl residues
BCSDB Structure	116826
Proposed functions	Antiphagocytic ; an important virulence factor
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Glycoconjugates.
Carrier Name	Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoprotein A (rEPA), tetanus toxoid
Conjugation Method	GXM was derivatized by the following two methods. (i) In method 1, ADH [adipic acid dihydrazide] was introduced into GXM by the activation of carboxyl groups with EDAC. GXM (5 mg/ml of 0.2 M NaCl) was derivatized with 0.5 M ADH and 0.1 M EDAC at pH 4.85 for 3.5 h at room temperature, using a pH Stat. After extensive dialysis against 0.2 M NaCl, the reaction mixture was passed through a 2B-CL Sepharose column (1.5 by 30 cm) equilibrated in 0.2 M NaCl. The fractions containing GXM were pooled and concentrated to the original volume. (ii) In method 2, ADH was introduced into GXM by the activation of hydroxyl groups with CNBr. GXM (5 mg/ml of 0.2 M NaCl) was activated with an equal weight of CNBr at pH 10.5 for 6 min at 4°C, using a pH Stat. An equal volume of 0.5 M NaHCO3 (pH 8.5) containing 0.5 M ADH was added. The reaction mixture was tumbled at 3 to 8°C for 18 to 20 h, dialyzed against 0.2 M NaCl, and passed through a 2B-CL Sepharose column (1.5 by 30 cm). The fractions containing GXM were pooled and concentrated to the original volume. The reaction mixture, containing equal concentrations (3.0 to 7.5 mg/ml) of GXM-AH (derivatized by either method) and TT or rEPA in 0.2 M NaCl, was brought to pH 5.6 with 0.05 N HCl, and 0.05 to 0.1 M EDAC was added; the pH was maintained at 5.6 in a pH Stat for 1 to 3 h at 4°C. The reaction mixture was dialyzed against 0.2 M NaCl at 3 to 8°C and passed through a Sepharose 2B-CL column (1.5 by 30 cm) equilibrated in 0.2 M NaCl. The void volume fractions containing the GXM and the protein were pooled and stored in 0.01% thimerosal at 3 to 8°C
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	IgM
Assay System	Double immunodiffusion, ELISA
Cross-reactivity	Polsera cross-reacted with capsular polysaccharides of C neoformans serotype A and D
Proposed epitopes	O-acetyl groups, glucuronyl residues
IEDB Epitope	115576
Proposed Utility	The conjugate vaccines prepared through hydroxyl activation of glucurunoxylomannan are sufficiently immunogenic and appear to be suitable for clinical evaluation
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	01-01-2010
References	1716613

Entry No. - 2 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1004
Carbohydrate Name	Capsular polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Haemophilus influenzae type B (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	A relatively simple antigen consisting of repeating units of 3-β-D ribose-(1-->1)-D-ribitol-5-phosphate
BCSDB Structure	23423
Proposed functions	An important virulence determinant
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Glycoconjugates
Carrier Name	Neisseria meningitidis group B outer membrane protein complex (Hib PS-OMP)
Conjugation Method	The strategy uses a oligopeptide spacer molecule whose parts are derived from both modified Haemophilus influenzae capsular polysaccharide and Neisseria meningitides group B outer membrane complex
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	IgG1 and IgG2
Assay System	N\A
Cross-reactivity	N/A
Proposed epitopes	N\A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	These antibodies exert their protective effect by initiating complement-mediated activities including opsonization and bacterial lysis
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	01-01-2010
References	PMC296547

Entry No. - 3 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1005
Carbohydrate Name	Capsular polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Haemophilus influenzae type B (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	A relatively simple antigen consisting of repeating units of 3-β-D ribose-(1-->1)-D-ribitol-5-phosphate
BCSDB Structure	23423
Proposed functions	An important virulence determinant
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Glycoconjugates
Carrier Name	Tetanus toxoid
Conjugation Method	Protein solutions (25 mg/ml) and Adipic acid dihydrazide [ADH] (3.45 rag/rag protein) were reacted with three different concentrations of EDAC (0 1, 0.3, and 0.6 rag/rag protein) The pH of the reaction mixture was maintained at 4.7 ± 0.2 with 0.1 N HC! The reaction proceeded at room temperature for 3 h and the reaction mixtures were dialyzed at 3-8°C with two changes/d against 6 liter of 0 2 M NaCI. The albumin and polysaccharide derivatives were then dialyzed against two 6-liter changes of deionized water and freeze-dried. The polysaccharide was activated with CNBr. Briefly, a solution of polysaccharide (5.0 mg/ml), equilibrated at 4°C, was rapidly brought to pH 10.5 with 0.1 N NaOH. 100 mg/ml CNBr was added to a final concentration of 0.4 mg/mg polysaccharide, and the pH maintained at 10.5 for 6 rain. Then the reaction mixture was brought to pH 8 5 with 0.5 M NaHCO3, and the CNBr-actlvated polysaccharide added to an equal weight of ADH-protein. The reaction mixture was tumbled gently overnight at 3-8°C and then centrifuged at 16,000 g, 4°C for 20 ram. The supernatant was passed through a CL-4B Sepharose column, 1 5 × 90 cm, that was equihbrated with 0 2 M ammonium acetate. The void-volume fractions were pooled, dialyzed against 0.01 M phosphate-buffered 0.145 M NaCI, pH 7.0, at 3-8°C, and passed through a 045-nm membrane and stored at 3-8°C
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	IgG and IgA
Assay System	Radioimmunoassay
Cross-reactivity	N/A
Proposed epitopes	N\A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	These antibodies exert their protective effect by initiating complement-mediated activities including opsonization and bacterial lysis
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	02-01-2010
References	PMC2185954

Entry No. - 4 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1012
Carbohydrate Name	Capsular polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Streptococcus Group B (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	A basic backbone of the following residues: -3-β-D-Galp-(1-->4) -β-D-Glcp[branched to 1-->4-D-Glp-α-D-NeuNACp]-(1-->6)-β-D-GlcNAcp-1-
BCSDB Structure	6237
Proposed functions	Invades the blood stream and multiply. This property of invasiveness is related to the anti-phagocytic properties conferred by its Capsular polysaccharide
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Glycoconjugates
Carrier Name	Tetanus toxoid
Conjugation Method	Type III polysaccharide was activated with cyanogen bromide at pH 10.5 for 6 min at 4°C in a pH stat. Adipic acid dihydrazide [AH] was added in 0.5 M NaHCO3 to a final concentration of 0.25 M, pH 8.5. After tumbling for 18 h at 3 to 8°C, the reaction mixture was dialyzed against 0.2 M NaCl at 3 to 8°C and passed through a 4B-CL Sepharose column. The polysaccharide-containing fractions were pooled, dialyzed against sterile pyrogen-free water, and freeze-dried. A solution containing 10 mg each of type III-AH and tetanus toxoid [TT} per ml was brought to pH 5.6 with 0.1 N HCl. 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide was added to a final concentration of 0.05 M, and the pH was maintained at 5.6 with 0.1 N NaOH for 3 h at room temperature. The reaction mixture was dialyzed against 0.2 M NaCl at 3 to 8°C and was passed through a 4B-CL Sepharose column (5 by 95 cm) equilibrated in 0.2 M NaCl. The void volume fractions were stored in 0.01% thimerosal at 3 to 8°C
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	Mainly IgG, particularly IgG1 and IgG3
Assay System	Double immunodiffusion, capillary precipitation, ELISA
Cross-reactivity	N/A
Proposed epitopes	N\A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	Antibodies elicited by the conjugates had in vitroopsonic activities proposed to be a correlate of protective immunity
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	04-01-2010
References	PMC258520

Entry No. - 5 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1015
Carbohydrate Name	Beta-glucan (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Candida albicans (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	Glucans are a heterogeneous group of glucose polymers, consisting of a backbone of β(1-->3)-linked β-D-glucopyranosyl units with β(1-->6)-linked side chains of varying distribution and length
BCSDB Structure	125281
Proposed functions	Glucan is an essential cell wall component in pathogenic fungi and plays a critical role in cell viability
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Glycoconjugates
Carrier Name	Diphtheria toxoid CRM 197
Conjugation Method	A 20-fold molar excess of activated polysaccharide was reacted overnight with the protein, at room temperature, in 10 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.2. The unbound polysaccharide was separated from the glyco-conjugate by ultrafiltration, using Amicon 10-kD filter devices
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	IgG
Assay System	Invivo protection assays, growth inhibition assays, indirect ELISA
Cross-reactivity	N/A
Proposed epitopes	N\A
IEDB Epitope	76671
Proposed Utility	The Lam-CRM conjugate is immunogenic and protective against systemic candidiasis in mice. The antibodies induce passive protection in mice against systemic and mucosal candidiasis
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	04-01-2010
References	PMC2212864

Entry No. - 6 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1046
Carbohydrate Name	Lipopolysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Salmonella typhimurium SR-11 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	LPS is composed of three parts: (1) lipid A, (2) core polysaccharide, and (3) O antigen. The lipid A region contains two glucosamine sugar derivatives, each with three fatty acids and phosphate or pyrophosphate attached. The core polysaccharide has KDO and attached to lipid A. The side chain O is small polysaccharide chain extending outward from the core, it has several peculiar sugars and varies in composition between bacterial strains.
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	LPS is most unusual constituents of outer membrane. It plays important role in host defence avoidance. LPS contributes to the negative charge of the bacterial surface. Lipid A is often toxic and act as endotoxin
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Live S.typhimurium SR cells.
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	IgG
Assay System	ELISA Hemaggluttination assay
Cross-reactivity	This antibody was cross-reactive with Salmonella typhimurium LT-2, Salmonella typhimurium derby. Salmonella typhimurium dublin, Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella paratyphi A.
Proposed epitopes	O-polysaccharide
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antibody can be used in serological assays to detect the desired antigen.
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	14-01-2010
References	6203984

Entry No. - 7 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1122
Carbohydrate Name	O-polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	The O-polsaccharide structure is as follows : --6)-α-D-Glcp-(1-->2)-α-L-Rhap-(l-->2)-α-L-Rhap-(1--. which is linked to 1-D-GlcpNAc chains on its rhamnopyranosyl residue via 1-->3 linkage.
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	LPS is an important virulence factor. It molecule plays an important role in adherence of the bacterium to porcine respiratory tract cells and mucus
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Formalin-fixed A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 cells
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	ELISA
Cross-reactivity	This antibody cross-reacted with serotypes 9 and 11
Proposed epitopes	The epitope was deduced to contain the terminal nonreducing -D-Glc NAc residues
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera not only helped in serotyping analysis but also helped in deducing the epitopes recognized
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	06-02-2010
References	PMC206369

Entry No. - 8 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1123
Carbohydrate Name	O-polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 9 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	The structure consists of trisaccharide backbone randomly substituted by N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine end groups (to the extent of 25%)
BCSDB Structure	131785
Proposed functions	LPS is an important virulence factor. It molecule plays an important role in adherence of the bacterium to porcine respiratory tract cells and mucus
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Formalin-fixed A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 9 cells
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	ELISA
Cross-reactivity	This antibody cross-reacted with serotypes 1 and 12. also cross-reacted with deaminated Serotype1 O-PS
Proposed epitopes	The epitope was deduced to contain the terminal nonreducing -D-Glc NAc residues. A second epitope was said to be directed to linear regions of the backbone polymer
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera not only helped in serotyping analysis but also helped in deducing the epitopes recognized
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	06-02-2010
References	PMC206369

Entry No. - 9 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1124
Carbohydrate Name	Capsular polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	N/A
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	N/A
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Whole cells
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	ELISA
Cross-reactivity	This antibody was specific to serotype 1 only
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	N/A
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	07-02-2010
References	PMC206369

Entry No. - 10 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1149
Carbohydrate Name	Lipopolysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9344 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	N/A
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	LPS polysaccharide of B. fragilis may represent a virulence factor
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Live cells of B. fragilis strains NCTC 9344
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	Immunoblotting
Cross-reactivity	N/A
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	N/A
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	17-02-2010
References	2432160

Entry No. - 11 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1150
Carbohydrate Name	Lipopolysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Bacteroides fragilis strains GNAB4 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	N/A
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	LPS polysaccharide of B. fragilis may represent a virulence factor
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Live cells of B. fragilis strains GNAB4
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	Immunoblotting
Cross-reactivity	N/A
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	N/A
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	17-02-2010
References	2432160

Entry No. - 12 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1151
Carbohydrate Name	Lipopolysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Bacteroides fragilis strains GNAB92 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	N/A
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	LPS polysaccharide of B. fragilis may represent a virulence factor
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Live cells of B. fragilis strains GNAB 92
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	Immunoblotting
Cross-reactivity	N/A
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	N/A
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	18-02-2010
References	2432160

Entry No. - 13 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1155
Carbohydrate Name	Lipopolysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	The polysaccharide part of the LPS mainly consists of two fractions : PSI : β-D-Galp(1-->6)β-D-Galp(1-->6)β-D-Galp(1-->6)Residue1-α-D-Glcp [branched to Residue no. 2](1-->2)α-L-Rhap and PSII : β-D-Galp(1-->4)α-D-Glcp [Branched to β-D-Galp(1-->6)](1-->2)α-L-Rhap
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	LPS polysaccharide of B. fragilis may represent a virulence factor
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Whole cells of B. fragilis NCTC 9343
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	ELISA
Cross-reactivity	This antisera cross-reacted with 13 strains of B. fragilis
Proposed epitopes	Galactose chains was proposed to be an important part of the epitope
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera can be used in serotyping schemes for this particular bacteria
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	19-02-2010
References	PMC262078

Entry No. - 14 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1156
Carbohydrate Name	Lipopolysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 23745 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	N/A
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	LPS polysaccharide of B. fragilis may represent a virulence factor
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Whole cells of B. fragilis NCTC 9344
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	ELISA
Cross-reactivity	This antisera cross-reacted with 13 strains of B. fragilis
Proposed epitopes	Galactose chains was proposed to be an important part of the epitope
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera can be used in serotyping schemes for this particular bacteria
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	20-02-2010
References	PMC262078

Entry No. - 15 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1157
Carbohydrate Name	Capsular Polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Bacteroides fragilis strain 638R (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	N/A
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	Capsular polysaccharide of B. fragilis may represent a virulence factor
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Whole cells of B. fragilis strain 638R
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	Immunodiffusion
Cross-reactivity	N/A
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera helped in the discovery of 3 different types of surface polysaccharides on the capsule
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	21-02-2010
References	PMC98163

Entry No. - 16 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1262
Carbohydrate Name	O-polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Campylobacter fetus 553 and 554 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	The LPS molecule of C. fetus is composed of three distinct structural domains: a hydrophobic lipid A portion which forms the outer leaflet of the outer membrane and which contains the endotoxic activity, a low-molecular-weight oligosaccharide core complex, and a variable-length O-specific polysaccharide chain with repeating oligosaccharide units (O-antigen)
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	The LPS O-antigens are the basis of the C. fetus heat-stable serotyping Scheme
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	A mixture (1:1) of C. fetus 553 and 554 formalin-killed cells
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	Indirect ELISA, immunoblotting,
Cross-reactivity	This antibody was specific to O antigen of C. fetus 553 and 554
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera can be used to serotype C. fetus strains
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	02-05-2010
References	PMC98852

Entry No. - 17 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1448
Carbohydrate Name	Capsular polysaccharide [heteroglycan] (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Enterococcus faecalis type V (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	It is composed of rhamnose, glucose, galactose, mannosamine, and glucosamine
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	These polysaccharides are major virulence factors
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Glycoconjugates
Carrier Name	Tetanus toxoid
Conjugation Method	PSs were oxidized with 0.5 ml of 10 mM NaI4 at room temperature for 90 min, dialyzed and lyophilized. The oxidized PS was reacted with 2 mg of tetanus toxoid in PBS with the addition of 10 mg of NaCNBH3
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	Competitive inhibition ELISA
Cross-reactivity	This antibody cross-reacted with E. faecalis strain 68114, 324057B and R19001. did not cross-react with E. faecalis type II PS and vancomycin-resistant E. faecium B210860
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	N/A
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	13-07-2010
References	PMC1538600

Entry No. - 18 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1449
Carbohydrate Name	Capsular polysaccharide [heteroglycan] (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Enterococci faecium B210860 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	It is composed of rhamnose, glucose, galactose, mannosamine, and glucosamine
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	These polysaccharides are major virulence factors
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Glycoconjugates
Carrier Name	Tetanus toxoid
Conjugation Method	PSs were oxidized with 0.5 ml of 10 mM NaI4 at room temperature for 90 min, dialyzed and lyophilized. The oxidized PS was reacted with 2 mg of tetanus toxoid in PBS with the addition of 10 mg of NaCNBH4
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	Competitive inhibition ELISA
Cross-reactivity	This antibody was specific to E. faecium B210860 only and did not cross-react with polysaccharides from E. faecalis type II, 68114, and R19001
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	N/A
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	13-07-2010
References	PMC1538600

Entry No. - 19 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1460
Carbohydrate Name	Lipopolysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Haemophilus ducreyi CCUG 4438 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	It consist of an oligosaccharide core ketosidically linked via a 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) residue to the lipid A region. The oligosaccharide core characteristic of these bacteria has been divided into two regions: (i) an inner core, consisting of three L-glycero-D-manno-heptose (Hep) residues and one phosphorylated Kdo residue, and (ii) an outer core, with one or more heterogeneous oligosaccharide branches containing mainly galactose (Gal) and glucose (Glc) residues
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	LPS plays an important role in the infection process
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Whole cells
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	ELISA and immunoblotting
Cross-reactivity	The antiserum to CCUG 4438 reacted with only its homologous strain and strain ITM 4747
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera would aid in the classification of H. ducreyi for epidemiological purposes
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	23-07-2010
References	PMC175445

Entry No. - 20 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1461
Carbohydrate Name	Lipopolysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Haemophilus ducreyi CCUG 7470 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	It consist of an oligosaccharide core ketosidically linked via a 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) residue to the lipid A region. The oligosaccharide core characteristic of these bacteria has been divided into two regions: (i) an inner core, consisting of three L-glycero-D-manno-heptose (Hep) residues and one phosphorylated Kdo residue, and (ii) an outer core, with one or more heterogeneous oligosaccharide branches containing mainly galactose (Gal) and glucose (Glc) residues
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	LPS plays an important role in the infection process
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Whole cells
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	ELISA and immunoblotting
Cross-reactivity	The antiserum to CCUG 7470 reacted with all H. ducreyi strains
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera would aid in the classification of H. ducreyi for epidemiological purposes
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	23-07-2010
References	PMC175445

Entry No. - 21 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1464
Carbohydrate Name	Capsular polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Enterococcus faecalis 12030 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	Glycerol teichoic acid-like molecules with a carbohydrate backbone structure of 6-α-D-glucose- 1-->2 glycerol-3-PO4 with substitution on carbon 2 of the glucose with an α-2-1-D-glucose residue
BCSDB Structure	2446
Proposed functions	These polysaccharides are major virulence factors
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Gentamicin-killed Enterococcus faecalis strains
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	Opsonophagocytic assay, immunoelectron microscopy
Cross-reactivity	This antisera reacted with the homologous strain (12030) and mediated opsonic killing of 33% of all strains tested. In addition, this serum killed two (28%) of seven vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium strains
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera was opsonophagcytic
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	24-07-2010
References	10024563

Entry No. - 22 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1465
Carbohydrate Name	Capsular polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Enterococcus faecalis 12030 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	Glycerol teichoic acid-like molecules with a carbohydrate backbone structure of 6-α-D-glucose- 1-->2 glycerol-3-PO4 with substitution on carbon 2 of the glucose with an α-2-1-D-glucose residue
BCSDB Structure	2446
Proposed functions	These polysaccharides are major virulence factors
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Capsular polysaccharide
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	IgM
Assay System	ELISA and opsonophagocytic assay
Cross-reactivity	The antisera cross-reacted with Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF and against two serologically related, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	These antibodies may be useful for prophylaxis and treatment of enterococcal infections
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	25-07-2010
References	15184433

Entry No. - 23 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1470
Carbohydrate Name	Unknown carbohydrate (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Glycoprotein
Microbe	Helicobacter pylori D273 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	N/A
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	N/A
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Whole cells
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	ELISA, Immunoelectron microscopy, immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase assays
Cross-reactivity	This antisera was specific to Helicobacter pylori and did not cross-react with other Helicobacter species (H. fennelliae and H.mustelae) did not react
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera may yield useful information concerning the real surface of the bacterium
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	27-07-2010
References	PMC280910

Entry No. - 24 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1494
Carbohydrate Name	Capsular polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype A [strain 24064] (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	The major component of C. neoformans capsular polysaccharide is glucurunoxylomannan [GXM] consisting of an unbranched mannose backbone substituted with xylose, glucuronic acid and O-acetyl residues
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	C. neoformans has a large polysaccharide capsule that is a determinant of virulence. The capsular polysaccharide causes immunologic paralysis and inhibits phagocytosis by macrophages. Soluble C. neoformans capsular polysaccharide enhances human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] infection in cultured cells, suggesting a new pathogenic role in AIDS
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Whole cells
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	IgG [predominantly IgG1]
Assay System	ELISA
Cross-reactivity	This antibody cross-reacted with Serotype D strains
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	N/A
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	03-08-2010
References	1583327

Entry No. - 25 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1495
Carbohydrate Name	Capsular polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype A [strain 24064] (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	The major component of C. neoformans capsular polysaccharide is glucurunoxylomannan [GXM] consisting of an unbranched mannose backbone substituted with xylose, glucuronic acid and O-acetyl residues
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	C. neoformans has a large polysaccharide capsule that is a determinant of virulence. The capsular polysaccharide causes immunologic paralysis and inhibits phagocytosis by macrophages. Soluble C. neoformans capsular polysaccharide enhances human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] infection in cultured cells, suggesting a new pathogenic role in AIDS
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Whole cells
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	IgM
Assay System	ELISA
Cross-reactivity	This antibody cross-reacted with Serotype D strains
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	N/A
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	03-08-2010
References	1583327

Entry No. - 26 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1496
Carbohydrate Name	Glucurunoxylomannan (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype A [strain 24064] (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	The major component of C. neoformans capsular polysaccharide is glucurunoxylomannan [GXM] consisting of an unbranched mannose backbone substituted with xylose, glucuronic acid and O-acetyl residues
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	C. neoformans has a large polysaccharide capsule that is a determinant of virulence. The capsular polysaccharide causes immunologic paralysis and inhibits phagocytosis by macrophages. Soluble C. neoformans capsular polysaccharide enhances human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] infection in cultured cells, suggesting a new pathogenic role in AIDS
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Glycoconjugates
Carrier Name	Tetanus toxoid
Conjugation Method	GXM was conjugated to tetanus toxoid using CDAP precipitation
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	IgG [predominantly IgG1]
Assay System	ELISA
Cross-reactivity	This antibody cross-reacted with Serotype D strains
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	N/A
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	04-08-2010
References	1583327

Entry No. - 27 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1503
Carbohydrate Name	O-polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Acinetobacter baumannii strain 24 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	Acinetobacter LPSs consist of a polysaccharide covalently linked to a lipid component, termed lipid A, which anchors the LPS in the outer membrane. This polysaccharide is divided into the core oligosaccharide (linked to lipid A) and the O-polysaccharide or O-antigen. This type of LPS is referred to as the smooth- or S-form phenotype; the O-antigens are characteristic for a given LPS and the parental bacterial strain
BCSDB Structure	5534
Proposed functions	Since all recently investigated LPSs from Acinetobacter strains have been shown to be of the smooth phenotype, a serotyping scheme for identification of members of this genus may also be possible
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Heat killed bacteria
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	Enzyme immunoassay
Cross-reactivity	The antisera cross-reacted with 13 strains A. baumannii
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This Mab can be used to detect the presence of bacterial antigens in lungs from infected animals
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	06-08-2010
References	PMC103717

Entry No. - 28 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1513
Carbohydrate Name	Lipopolysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Klebsiella strains KD2 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	O-1 side chain of the LPS is proposed to contain a disaccharide repeat unit consisting of [-α-D-Galp-(1->3)-β-D-Galf-] (1->4), where Gal is galactose
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	These major cell surface antigens play important roles in the ability of the bacterium to evade host cell defenses
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Formalinized whole cells
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	ELISA and immunoblotting
Cross-reactivity	The antisera reacted most strongly against the HMW-LPS fraction of Kliebsiella strain KD2 but also recognized the LMW-LPS of KLebsiella strains KD37 and KD2
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antibody may help in the stuctural and functional elucidation of O1 side chain of Klebsiella LPS
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	09-08-2010
References	PMC259910

Entry No. - 29 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1514
Carbohydrate Name	Lipopolysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Klebsiella strains KD37 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	O-1 side chain of the LPS is proposed to contain a disaccharide repeat unit consisting of [-α-D-Galp-(1->3)-β-D-Galf-] (1->4), where Gal is galactose
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	These major cell surface antigens play important roles in the ability of the bacterium to evade host cell defenses
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Formalinized whole cells
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	ELISA and immunoblotting
Cross-reactivity	This antisera reacted with the full complement of High molecular weight LPS and Low molecular weight LPS but had no apparent response against the lipid A core
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antibody may help in the stuctural and functional elucidation of O1 side chain of Klebsiella LPS
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	09-08-2010
References	PMC259910

Entry No. - 30 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1540
Carbohydrate Name	Excreted Factor [EF] antigen (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Glycoprotein
Microbe	Leishmania tropica major (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	N/A
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	N/A
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Living promastigotes
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	IgG and IgM
Assay System	Immunodiffusion
Cross-reactivity	The antisera cross-reacted with Israeli and Russian L. tropica major, L. mexicana, Leishmania aethiopica, and Leishmania enriettii and L. tropica minor
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera would help in the serotyping of Leishmania species
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	02-09-2010
References	PMC270766

Entry No. - 31 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1571
Carbohydrate Name	Lipopolysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	The oligosaccharide contained rhamnose, ribose, glucose, and glucosamine
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	N/A
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Glycoconjugates
Carrier Name	Diphtheria toxoid
Conjugation Method	The oligosaccharide was modified as follows : it was dissolved in N-ethylmorpholine-water-12 N HCl (2.5:6.5:1 [vol/vol/vol], pH 8.5) in concentrations of approximately 24 umol in 250ul. 125umol of N-succinimidyl S-acetylmercaptoacetate in 250ul of N,N dimethylacetamide was added to the oligosaccharide. This solution was added to modified diphtheria toxoid
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	IgG and IgM
Assay System	Enzyme Immunoassay, immunoblotting and dot blot
Cross-reactivity	This antisera cross-reacted with LPS from some other leptospiral serovars (serovars hardjobovis, ballum, copenhageni, canicola, grippotyphosa, and batavia) and LPS from other bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium and the Re mutant of Shigella flexneri) and did not react with serovars australis, grippotyphosa, ballum, or tarassovi
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antiserum induced a high CL response in mouse macrophage monolayers
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	10-09-2010
References	PMC303291

Entry No. - 32 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1578
Carbohydrate Name	N-propionylated group B meningococcal polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	It is a homopolymer of α(2-->8) sialic acid
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	This capsular polysaccharide is an important virulence determinant. Serum antibodies to the group B polysaccharide confers protection against disease by activating complement-mediated bacteriolysis and/or opsonization. It leads to immunologic tolerance induced by prenatal exposure to host polysialyated glycoproteins
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Glycoconjugates
Carrier Name	Tetanus toxoid
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	Radioactive binding inhibition assay, ELISA, Bactericidal assay
Cross-reactivity	This antisera cross-reacted with capsular polysaccharide of E. coli K1
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera was bactericidal for Group B meningococci
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	12-09-2010
References	2469720

Entry No. - 33 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1617
Carbohydrate Name	Lipooligosaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Moraxella catarrhalis serotype A (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	LOS consists of an oligosaccharide and lipid A and is similar to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gramnegative enteric pathogens, but it lacks the O-antigenic side chain of repeating units characteristic of classical LPS. The oligosaccharide part consists of the following residues : α-D-Galp-(1-->4)-β-D-Galp-(1-->4)-α-D-Glcp-(1-->2)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-α-D-Glcp [branched to α-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->2)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->4)] and [branched to β-D-Glcp-(1-->3)] -(1-->5)-Kdo
BCSDB Structure	22728
Proposed functions	Moracella lipooligosaccharide is a potential virulence factor
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Whole cells
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	ELISA and immunoblotting
Cross-reactivity	This antisera was specific to serotype A
Proposed epitopes	A terminal α-D-GlcNAc-(1-->2)-β-D-Glc seemed to be a part of the epitope
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera may help in sertotyping of moraxella strains
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	23-09-2010
References	8636949

Entry No. - 34 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1618
Carbohydrate Name	Lipooligosaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Moraxella catarrhalis serotype B (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	LOS consists of an oligosaccharide and lipid A and is similar to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gramnegative enteric pathogens, but it lacks the O-antigenic side chain of repeating units characteristic of classical LPS. The oligosaccharide part consists of the following residues : α-D-Galp-(1-->4)-β-D-Galp-(1-->4)-α-D-Glcp-(1-->2)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->4)-α-D-Glcp [branched to α-D-Galp-(1-->4)-&blpha;-D-Galp-(1-->4)-α-D-Glcp-(1-->2)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->6)] and [branched to β-D-Glcp-(1-->3)] -(1-->5)-Kdo
BCSDB Structure	21752
Proposed functions	Moracella lipooligosaccharide is a potential virulence factor
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Whole cells
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	ELISA and immunoblotting
Cross-reactivity	This antisera was specific to serotype B
Proposed epitopes	A terminal β-D-Gal-(1-->4)-β-D-Glc seemed to be a part of the epitope
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera may help in sertotyping of moraxella strains
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	24-09-2010
References	8636949

Entry No. - 35 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1619
Carbohydrate Name	Lipooligosaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Moraxella catarrhalis serotype C (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	LOS consists of an oligosaccharide and lipid A and is similar to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gramnegative enteric pathogens, but it lacks the O-antigenic side chain of repeating units characteristic of classical LPS. The oligosaccharide part consists of the following residues : α-D-Galp-(1-->4)-β-D-Galp-(1-->4)-α-D-Glcp-(1-->2)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-α-D-Glcp [branched to β-D-Galp-(1-->4)-α-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->2)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->4)] and [branched to β-D-Glcp-(1-->3)] -(1-->5)-α-Kdop [branched to Kdop-(2-->4)]
BCSDB Structure	22728
Proposed functions	Moracella lipooligosaccharide is a potential virulence factor
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Whole cells
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	ELISA and immunoblotting
Cross-reactivity	This antisera cross-reacted with Serotype A LPS
Proposed epitopes	A terminal β-D-Gal-(1-->4)-α-D-GlcNA seemed to be a part of the epitope
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera may help in sertotyping of moraxella strains
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	24-09-2010
References	8636949

Entry No. - 36 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1620
Carbohydrate Name	Lipooligosaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Moraxella catarrhalis B strain 26397 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	LOS consists of an oligosaccharide and lipid A and is similar to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gramnegative enteric pathogens, but it lacks the O-antigenic side chain of repeating units characteristic of classical LPS. The oligosaccharide part consists of the following residues : α-D-Galp-(1-->4)-β-D-Galp-(1-->4)-α-D-Glcp-(1-->2)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->4)-α-D-Glcp [branched to α-D-Galp-(1-->4)-&blpha;-D-Galp-(1-->4)-α-D-Glcp-(1-->2)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->6)] and [branched to β-D-Glcp-(1-->3)] -(1-->5)-Kdo
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	Moracella lipooligosaccharide is a potential virulence factor
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Glycoconjugates
Carrier Name	Tetanus toxoid
Conjugation Method	Adipic acid dihydrazide [ADH] was introduced to the carboxyl group of Kdo moiety of the detoxified lipooligosaccharide [LOS] to form adipic hydrazide (AH)-dLOS derivatives, using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide HCl (EDC) and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimid. dLOS (96 mg) was dissolved in 12 ml of 287 mM ADH (50 mg/ml, molar ratio of ADH to dLOS is 108 to 1 based on an estimated Mrof 3,000 for dLOS). AH-dLOS (45 mg) was dissolved with 4.5 ml of 0.2 M NaCl to make a 10 mg/ml solution of AH-dLOS. For the conjugation reaction, each 20 mg of AH-dLOS solution (2 ml in volume) was mixed with 10 mg of cross-reactive mutant (CRM) of diphtheria toxin (0.44 ml in volume). The initial concentration of AH-dLOS or CRM was 8.20 or 4.10 mg/ml. The molar ratio of AH-dLOS to CRM (Mr 67,000) was 45 to 1. The pH was adjusted to 5.0-5.2 with 0.1 M HCl, followed by addition of 0.05 M EDC. The reaction was maintained at pH 5.0 to 5.2 for 4 h at 4°C, then adjusted to pH 7.0, dialyzed against 0.9% NaCl for 2 to 3 days, centrifuged, and passed through a Sephacryl S-300 column (2.6 by 90 cm) in 0.9% NaCl. Peaks that contained both protein and carbohydrate were pooled and designated as dLOS-TT or dLOS-CRM. Both conjugates were analyzed for their composition of carbohydrate and protein using dLOS and bovine serum albumin (BSA) as standards
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	ELISA, Bactericidal assay and immunoblotting
Cross-reactivity	This antisera was specific to Serotype B and reacted with nine of twelve clinical isolates studied
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera showed elevated complement-mediated bactericidal activity against the homologous strain
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	24-09-2010
References	PMC1087343

Entry No. - 37 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1621
Carbohydrate Name	Lipooligosaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Moraxella catarrhalis Serotype A strain 25238 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	LOS consists of an oligosaccharide and lipid A and is similar to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gramnegative enteric pathogens, but it lacks the O-antigenic side chain of repeating units characteristic of classical LPS. The oligosaccharide part consists : α-D-Galp-(1-->4)-β-D-Galp-(1-->4)-α-D-Glcp-(1-->2)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-α-D-Glcp [branched to α-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->2)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->4)] and [branched to β-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-(1-->5)-Kdo
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	Moracella lipooligosaccharide is a potential virulence factor
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Glycoconjugates
Carrier Name	Tetanus toxoid
Conjugation Method	Adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) was bound to detoxified lipooligosaccharide [LOS] to form adipic hydrazide (AH)-dLOS derivatives, using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide HCl (EDC) and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (sulfo-NHS). dLOS (70 mg) was dissolved in 7 ml of 345 mM ADH (molar ratio of ADH to LOS is 100 to 1, based on an estimated Mr of 3,000 for dLOS). Sulfo-NHS was added to a concentration of 8 mM, the pH was adjusted to 4.8, and EDC was added to a concentration of 0.1 M. The reaction mixture was stirred and maintained at pH 4.8 for 3 h. The reaction mixture was adjusted to pH 7.0 and passed through the G-50 column as described above. The eluate was assayed for carbohydrate and for ADH. The peaks containing both carbohydrate and AH were pooled, freeze-dried, and designated AH-dLOS. AH-dLOS was measured for its composition, using dLOS and ADH as standards
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	Double immunodiffusion
Cross-reactivity	N/A
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera had complementmediated bactericidal activity against the homologous strain and heterologous strains of M. catarrhalis
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	24-09-2010
References	9573066

Entry No. - 38 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1622
Carbohydrate Name	Lipooligosaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Moraxella catarrhalis serotype C strain 26404 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	LOS consists of an oligosaccharide and lipid A and is similar to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gramnegative enteric pathogens, but it lacks the O-antigenic side chain of repeating units characteristic of classical LPS. The oligosaccharide part consists of the following residues : α-D-Galp-(1-->4)-β-D-Galp-(1-->4)-α-D-Glcp-(1-->2)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-α-D-Glcp [branched to β-D-Galp-(1-->4)-α-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->2)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->4)] and [branched to β-D-Glcp-(1-->3)] -(1-->5)-α-Kdop [branched to Kdop-(2-->4)]
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	Moracella lipooligosaccharide is a potential virulence factor
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Glycoconjugates
Carrier Name	Tetanus toxoid
Conjugation Method	240 mg of lipooligosaccharide [LOS] was detoxified by using anhydrous hydrazine, and the dLOS was purified. Then adipic acid dihydrazide was conjugated to the dLOS (96 mg) in 12 ml of a 287 mM adipic acid dihydrazide suspension to form adipic hydrazide (AH)-dLOS derivatives, using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide HCl and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide. The resulting AH-dLOS was finally coupled to Tetanus toxoid [TT]. 10 mg of TT (Mr, 150,000) was reacted with 20 mg of AH-dLOS (10 mg/ml) at a molar ratio of AH-dLOS to TT of 100:1 using 0.05 M 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide HCl. All reaction mixtures were maintained at pH 5.0 to 5.2 for 4 h at 4°C, and the reactions were stopped by adjusting the pH to 7.0. The reaction mixtures were dialyzed against 0.9% NaCl for 2 to 3 days, centrifuged, and passed through a Sephacryl S-300 column (2.6 by 90 cm) in 0.9% NaCl. Peaks that contained both protein and carbohydrate were pooled and designated dLOS-TT, dLOS-CRM-1, and dLOS-CRM-2. The three conjugates were analyzed to determine their carbohydrate and protein contents using dLOS and bovine serum albumin as standards
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	ELISA, Bactericidal assay and bactericidal inhibition assay
Cross-reactivity	This antisera cross-reacted with Serotype A LPS and to a little extent to Serotype B
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera showed complement-mediated bactericidal activity against the homologous strain
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	24-09-2010
References	PMC1932890

Entry No. - 39 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1623
Carbohydrate Name	Lipooligosaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Lipopolysaccharide
Microbe	Moraxella catarrhalis Serotype A strain 25238 (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	LOS consists of an oligosaccharide and lipid A and is similar to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gramnegative enteric pathogens, but it lacks the O-antigenic side chain of repeating units characteristic of classical LPS. The oligosaccharide part consists of the following residues : α-D-Galp-(1-->4)-β-D-Galp-(1-->4)-α-D-Glcp-(1-->2)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-α-D-Glcp [branched to α-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->2)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->4)] and [branched to β-D-Glcp-(1-->3)] -(1-->5)-Kdo
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	Moracella lipooligosaccharide is a potential virulence factor
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Glycoconjugates
Carrier Name	Cross-reactive mutant (CRM9) of diphtheria toxin
Conjugation Method	Adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) was bound to detoxified lipooligosaccharide [LOS] to form adipic hydrazide (AH)-dLOS derivatives, using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide HCl (EDC) and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (sulfo-NHS). dLOS (70 mg) was dissolved in 7 ml of 345 mM ADH (molar ratio of ADH to LOS is 100 to 1, based on an estimated Mr of 3,000 for dLOS). Sulfo-NHS was added to a concentration of 8 mM, the pH was adjusted to 4.8, and EDC was added to a concentration of 0.1 M. The reaction mixture was stirred and maintained at pH 4.8 for 3 h. The reaction mixture was adjusted to pH 7.0 and passed through the G-50 column as described above. The eluate was assayed for carbohydrate and for AH. The peaks containing both carbohydrate and AH were pooled, freeze-dried, and designated AH-dLOS. AH-dLOS was measured for its composition, using dLOS and ADH as standards
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	Enzyme-linked immunospot assay, ELISA and Bacterial challenge assay
Cross-reactivity	N/A
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	The dLOS-CRM vaccine induced a significant bacterial clearance (70 to 90%) of both homologous and heterologous strains in the lungs compared to that observed in the controls
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	25-09-2010
References	PMC130355

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PolysacDB ID	1742
Carbohydrate Name	Phenolic glycolipid-I (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Glycolipid
Microbe	Mycobacterium leprae (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	Phenolic glycolipid-1 is a M. leprae-specific antigen that contains a unique trisaccharide, 3,6-di-O-methyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-2,3-di-O-methyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-3-O-methyl-α-L-rhamnopyranose
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	It has been widely used for the serodiagnosis of leprosy and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of leprosy
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Whole cells
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	IgM
Assay System	ELISA
Cross-reactivity	The antisera cross-reacted withserovars 5, 12, 18, 20, 23, 24, and 28 of M. avium-M. intracellulare-M. scrofulaceum serocomplex
Proposed epitopes	The trisaccharide appendages of the phenolic glycolipids seemed to be a part of the epitope
IEDB Epitope	76905
Proposed Utility	A specific assay for IgM activity to the specific M. leprae glycolipid, particularly in the preclinical state of the lepromatous form of the disease, may enable earlier chemotherapy and thereby prevent deformity and eliminate the infectious reservoir
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	20-10-2010
References	PMC264610

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PolysacDB ID	1761
Carbohydrate Name	Peptide mimotope (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Glycoprotein
Microbe	Mycobacterium tuberculosis (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	The peptide consisted of the following sequence : QEPLMGTVPIRAGGGS
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	N/A
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Purified peptide
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	ELISA, immunoblotting
Cross-reactivity	This antisera recognized mannosylated Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell-wall antigens arabinomannan, lipoarabinomannan and the glycosylated recombinant protein Apa. The antisera also cross-reacted with mannans from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but did not react with phosphatidyl-inositol-di-mannoside or arabinogalactan from Mycobacteria
Proposed epitopes	The epitope was proposed to be oligomannosidic in nature
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This peptide mimotope can used as surrogate reagent for immunodiagnosis of tuberculosis
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	24-10-2010
References	PMC1134969

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PolysacDB ID	1918
Carbohydrate Name	Capsular polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Pneumococci spp. (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	The capsular polysaccharide of Pneumococcus sp. 14 consists of the following residues : -4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-β-D-GlcpNAc [branched to β-D-Galp-(1-->4)] -(1-->3)-β-D-Galp-(1-
BCSDB Structure	21255
Proposed functions	N/A
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	A vaccine preparation of type 6 (Danish type 6A) pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	Hemolytic plaque assay
Cross-reactivity	The antisera cross-reacted with S14, S19, or S23 capsular polysaccharides
Proposed epitopes	The antisera was proposed to be directed against a immunodominant polysaccharide PnC
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	N/A
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	28-11-2010
References	PMC260941

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PolysacDB ID	1919
Carbohydrate Name	Capsular polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Pneumococci spp. (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	The capsular polysaccharide of Pneumococcus sp. 14 consists of the following residues : -4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-β-D-GlcpNAc [branched to β-D-Galp-(1-->4)] -(1-->3)-β-D-Galp-(1-
BCSDB Structure	21255
Proposed functions	N/A
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	A vaccine preparation of type 14 pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	Hemolytic plaque assay
Cross-reactivity	The antisera cross-reacted with S6, S19, or S23 capsular polysaccharides
Proposed epitopes	The antisera was proposed to be directed against a immunodominant polysaccharide PnC
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	N/A
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	29-11-2010
References	PMC260941

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PolysacDB ID	1920
Carbohydrate Name	Capsular polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Pneumococci spp. (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	The capsular polysaccharide of Pneumococcus sp. 14 consists of the following residues : -4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-β-D-GlcpNAc [branched to β-D-Galp-(1-->4)] -(1-->3)-β-D-Galp-(1-
BCSDB Structure	21255
Proposed functions	N/A
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	A vaccine preparation of type 19 pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	Hemolytic plaque assay
Cross-reactivity	The antisera cross-reacted with S14, S6, or S23 capsular polysaccharides
Proposed epitopes	The antisera was proposed to be directed against a immunodominant polysaccharide PnC
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	N/A
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	29-11-2010
References	PMC260941

Entry No. - 45 [TOP]

PolysacDB ID	1921
Carbohydrate Name	Capsular polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Pneumococci spp. (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	The capsular polysaccharide of Pneumococcus sp. 14 consists of the following residues : -4)-β-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-β-D-GlcpNAc [branched to β-D-Galp-(1-->4)] -(1-->3)-β-D-Galp-(1-
BCSDB Structure	21255
Proposed functions	N/A
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	A vaccine preparation of type 23 pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	N/A
Assay System	Hemolytic plaque assay
Cross-reactivity	The antisera cross-reacted with S14, S19, or S6 capsular polysaccharides
Proposed epitopes	The antisera was proposed to be directed against a immunodominant polysaccharide PnC
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	N/A
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	29-11-2010
References	PMC260941

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PolysacDB ID	1970
Carbohydrate Name	23-valent pneumococcal vaccine (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Streptococcus pneumoniae (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	N/A
BCSDB Structure	N/A
Proposed functions	N/A
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Commercial vaccine preparation
Carrier Name	Nil
Conjugation Method	Nil
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	IgG
Assay System	ELISA
Cross-reactivity	This antisera was specific to pneumococcal polysaccharide and did not cross-react with Haemophilus influenzae type B capsular polysaccharide
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	This antisera would promote research on the efficacy of the vaccine in risk groups and will permit in-depth studies of the immunological response in patients
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	08-12-2010
References	PMC170496

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PolysacDB ID	2642
Carbohydrate Name	Capsular polysaccharide (Drugpedia)
Carbohydrate Class	Capsular polysaccharide
Microbe	Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype D (NCBI Taxonomy) (Drugpedia)
Basic Structure	This polysaccharide is a high m.w. polymer with a linear α-(1-->3)-linked mannose backbone that is substituted with non-reducing D-xyIosyal and D-glucosyluronic acid groups. O-Acetylation varies with the serotype. Type D is the most heavily O-acetylated
BCSDB Structure	136943
Proposed functions	Antiphagocytic ; an important virulence factor
Antigenic Nature used to produce antibodies	Glycoconjugates
Carrier Name	Methylated bovine serum albumin
Conjugation Method	A saline solution containing 500 pg of cryptococcal polysaccharide was mixed with 500 pg aqueous methylated bovine serum albumin. The volume was brought to 2 ml with sterile distilled water
Antibodies	Polysera
Antibody type and class	IgG
Assay System	Antiserum to untreated cryptococcal polysaccharide was enriched for O-acetyl and carboxyl specific antibody respectively. The antisera was then used in ouchterlony double diffusion.
Cross-reactivity	N/A
Proposed epitopes	N/A
IEDB Epitope	N/A
Proposed Utility	O-acetyl and carboxyl groups are strong and distinct physicochemical determinants on cryptococcal polysaccharide. The enriched antiserum displayed a level of opsonic activity that was similar to non-enriched antiserum. This showed that neither O-acetyl nor carboxyl groups were responsible for inhibition of phagocytosis by cryptococcal polysaccharide
Curator ID	AA + AS
Date of Curation	30-07-2011
References	15271943

Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Sec - 39A, New Delhi, India - 110020